1. Reliable Characterization of Organic & Pharmaceutical Compounds with High Resolution Monochromated EEL Spectroscopy
- Author
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Sònia Estradé, Aikaterini A. Zompra, Partha Pratim Das, Francesca Peiró, Stavros Nicolopoulos, Johan Verbeeck, Giulio Guzzinati, C. Coll, Alejandro Gómez Pérez, and Athanassios S. Galanis
- Subjects
Materials science ,EELS ,Color blindness ,Polymers and Plastics ,organic ,Nanotechnology ,02 engineering and technology ,Indústria farmacèutica ,010402 general chemistry ,01 natural sciences ,monochromator ,Article ,lcsh:QD241-441 ,symbols.namesake ,lcsh:Organic chemistry ,Impurity ,plasmon loss ,pharmaceutical ,Spectroscopy ,Pharmaceutical industry ,Active ingredient ,Electron energy loss spectroscopy ,Physics ,plasmon loss, monochromator, amorphous ,Daltonisme ,General Chemistry ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,Nanocrystalline material ,0104 chemical sciences ,Amorphous solid ,Characterization (materials science) ,Chemistry ,symbols ,TEM ,0210 nano-technology ,Raman spectroscopy - Abstract
Organic and biological compounds (especially those related to the pharmaceutical industry) have always been of great interest for researchers due to their importance for the development of new drugs to diagnose, cure, treat or prevent disease. As many new API (active pharmaceutical ingredients) and their polymorphs are in nanocrystalline or in amorphous form blended with amorphous polymeric matrix (known as amorphous solid dispersion—ASD), their structural identification and characterization at nm scale with conventional X-Ray/Raman/IR techniques becomes difficult. During any API synthesis/production or in the formulated drug product, impurities must be identified and characterized. Electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) at high energy resolution by transmission electron microscope (TEM) is expected to be a promising technique to screen and identify the different (organic) compounds used in a typical pharmaceutical or biological system and to detect any impurities present, if any, during the synthesis or formulation process. In this work, we propose the use of monochromated TEM-EELS, to analyze selected peptides and organic compounds and their polymorphs. In order to validate EELS for fingerprinting (in low loss/optical region) and by further correlation with advanced DFT, simulations were utilized.
- Published
- 2020