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This paper examines how the discourses and practices of design can be applied to both mitigate the damaging impacts of (un-)natural disasters and guide resilient post-disaster recovery. Integrated with systems analysis, design can provide both an innovative window for understanding the complexities of disaster-risk reduction and recovery, as well as a conceptual bridge to new ways of building socio-economic and physical resilience in disaster-affected communities. However, the skills of key systems and design thinkers, such as architects, urban planners, and landscape architects, are seldom employed, despite their demonstrated capacity to work with disaster-prone or -impacted communities to develop integrated spatial responses to guide both disaster-risk reduction and long-term rebuilding after a disaster. Indeed, there has been little focused investigation of the potential contributions of design per se in developing strategies for disaster-risk reduction and recovery. Similarly, there has been little attention in design education to complementing the creative problem-solving skills of the designer with the contextual and systemic understandings of disaster management and disaster-resilient design. This paper addresses these omissions in both disaster management and design education though a review of research on design contributions to disaster issues and provides a case study of the curriculum and pedagogical approaches appropriate to build capacity for enhancing this contribution.

Livestock, and the harmonious relationship between humans/communities and the natural surroundings. This paper examines several local pearls of wisdom related to disaster mitigation in the lives of the people of West Java. Mitigation can build a culture of reaction to a culture of prevention, or from acting after the incident to acting before the incident. The study becomes interesting by searching for local wisdom of disaster mitigation still growing in the community. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method that describes the research subject in the field. Part of the data was obtained by observation before the COVID-19 pandemic and partly from the documentation. Furthermore, it is analyzed through data reduction, verification, and presentation. The results showed that the traditional village communities in West Java, such as Kampung Adat Naga, Kampung Adat Ciptagelar, Kampung Adat Cireundeu, Kampung Adat Polo , and Kampung Adat Kuta , have local wisdom in disaster mitigation which is implemented in the construction of houses, prohibition forests, prohibition of raising animals. The local wisdom of disaster mitigation is reinforced by myths with magical nuances that have strong potential in protecting the surrounding natural environment. Local wisdom can be a form of indirect awareness and has meaning in dealing with disaster threats to reduce disaster risk.

Pringgokusuman Village is geographically located on the bank of the Winongo River which originates from the Merapi Volcano, so it has the potential risk of lahar floods and landslides. On the other hand, this village has a high density level which is dominated by 87 percent settlements area. The purpose of the study was to compile a participatory disaster map for flood and landslide disaster mitigation in Pringgokusuman Village, Yogyakarta City as an effort to support disaster mitigation learning and education for the community. The participatory mapping was carried out with indepth interview and Focus Group Discussion (FGD) activities focusing on flood and landslide. The results of the participatory disaster mapping include basic disaster information, the number of disaster events, the potential and risks of disasters that occur. The analysis of the results was analyzed qualitatively and then added with spatial information (spatial) with areas regarding disasters and potential disasters. The results of the FGD showed that the most common disasters were overflowing floods from the Winongo river and landslide along. This research can be used to supplement Geography lessons on the disaster theme. Kelurahan Pringgokusuman secara geografis berada di bantaran penggal Sungai Winongo yang berhulu dari Gunung Merapi, sehingga memiliki potensi risiko bencana banjir lahar dan tanah longsor. Disisi lain kelurahan ini memiliki tingkat kepadatan yang tinggi yang didominasi permukiman 87 persen. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menyusun peta bencana secara partisipatif untuk mitigasi kebencanaan banjir dan longsor di Kelurahan Pringgokusuman Kota Yogyakarta sebagai upaya mendukung pembelajaran dan pendidikan mitigasi bencana untuk masyarakat. Pemetaan partisipatif dilakukan dengan wawancara mendalam dan kegiatan Fokus Grup Diskusi (FGD) berfokus pada bencana banjir dan longsor. Hasil dari pemetaan partisipatif kebencaan tersebut antara lain informasi dasar kebencanaan, jumlah kejadian bencana, potensi dan risiko bencana yang terjadi. Analisis hasil dilakukan secara deskriptif kualitatif kemudian ditambahkan informasi keruangan (spasial) dengan informasi area. Hasil FGD menunjukkan bencana yang sering terjadi adalah banjir luapan dai sungai Winongo dan longsor di sepanjang Winongo dan saluran selokan. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi suplemen dalam pembelajaran Geografi terkait tema bencana.

In this study, the Council of Policy for Stranded Commuters in Chuo-ku, Tokyo, is considered as an example of local disaster mitigation activities through mutual aid for companies. The process of the activities during the initial period is described, and the points necessary to “establish and maintain the disaster mitigation activities by multiple companies” are summarized. The efforts of the council have led to the development of a community in which various disaster mitigation measures are not limited to those for stranded commuters but include responses to the sick and wounded; these disaster mitigation measures within companies are discussed. As a result, four points are derived as important factors, namely, grasping the local characteristics, forming an organization where the consensus can be built smoothly together with administrative bodies and academics, formulating local behavioral rules, and stipulating the principles behind the activities and the future prospects. The efforts for the local disaster mitigation activities taken up mainly by the residents of communities have been reported in many studies. However, there are few studies on the disaster mitigation activities conducted for companies; as such, only a case study of the measures for stranded commuters in Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo has been reported [1]. This is a case study that reports the process of the establishment of disaster mitigation activities for companies; based on the case study of Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, this study takes into consideration the characteristics of Chuo-ku, Tokyo, which has no terminal station.

Indonesia is a disaster-prone country but public awareness of disasters is still low. To improve community disaster literacy, schools are the most effective vehicle. Improved disaster mitigation literacy can be achieved by integrating disaster education into subjects taught in school and associating it with the local wisdom owned by the community. This research aimed to determine and learn from the local wisdom of lamban langgakh (stilt houses), develop a disaster mitigation literacy model for subjects in schools, and identify the level of disaster mitigation literacy of junior and senior high school students in the West Coast District (WCR) of Lampung Province. The study was conducted in two stages: identifying and analyzing comprehensive information about lamban langgakh and developing an indirect teaching model as a students’ disaster mitigation literacy model through the ADDIE development model. This research produced a new model to improve students’ disaster mitigation literacy by integrating it with school subjects and local wisdom owned by local communities.

The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic is a global disaster and every country makes efforts to mitigate it. There needs to be a gradual rise of awareness on the ethics of responsibility to others in the form of a sense of solidarity and togetherness. Philosopher Emmanuel Levinas stated that the basic facts in his philosophy were other people. Therefore, his philosophy is the ethics of responsibility toward others. COVID-19 deserves to be a momentum to reflect on Levinas’ philosophy, by reaffirming responsibility toward others as an ethical fact in mitigating the COVID-19 disaster in Indonesia.

This research aims to see how to learn geography, how students' disaster preparedness are, and how the contribution of geography learning to disaster preparedness of students in Public Senior High School in Kendari. By using quantitative approach, the data were collected through observation and questionnaires in 5 schools in Kendari which were distributed to 150 students and 10 teachers. The results of students' learning geography with several indicators are presented as follows; with learning variable, 12.5% is categorized as low, 46.5% moderate, 41% high; with preparedness variable, 25.5% is categorized as low, 49.5% medium, 25% high. There is a contribution of geography learning to disaster preparedness with the coefficient of determination R square (R2) of 39.4% while 60.6% is from other factors. Then, the influence of X on Y can be written in the form of a regression equation, namely (Y = 55.998 + 0.159 X). Based on the regression equation, it can be denied that geography learning has a positive correlation with disaster preparedness of students in Public Senior High School in Kendari

Mangrove ecosystems at the estuary of Teleng River, Pacitan Bay, call for preservation, protection, and development as a natural vegetative defense against tsunami impacts. Limited availability of potential land for mangrove growth poses a challenge to sustainable mangrove management. To anticipate land acquisition for another use, it is necessary to study land suitability for mangrove and mangrove conservation priorities in the Pacitan Bay. The land suitability parameters consisted of landform, slope, soil texture, and tidal fluctuation, while the mangrove conservation priority was determined based on several aspects: mangrove land cover reduction, mangrove damage level, beach ridge and riparian zone, and land suitability. The results indicate that lands with high potential for mangroves are distributed along Teleng and Grindulu Rivers but not precisely at the estuary. Based on the suitability results, highly potential and potential lands are proposed for mangrove planting, while existing mangroves are for protection and preservation zones, especially on the sides where relatively young mangroves grow for their roots are not strong enough to withstand river currents.

Throughout the centuries flood disasters have taken a loss of human lives property damage, and economic impacts all over the world. In Jakarta, Indonesia, various alternatives of strategies after flood disasters have been implemented during the past reconstruction project due the high severe damage losses. Unfortunately the programs just issues, based on the damage and losses assessment after recent disasters happened, it indicated the necessity of better flood disaster management for future life’s people in Indonesia. The research focused on flood disaster mitigation program and used as some implementation program from other countries for comparison to propose an appropriate design of mitigation and planned. The approaches use the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) as a decision analysis tool, in order to develop a Program Evaluation Model (PEM) for flood disaster management in Jakarta. In addition, data will be gathered through direct survey with experts. The PEM’s concept is concerned with the selecting the major factors which influence the management of flood disaster in Jakarta, and use the identified factors to evaluate different flood mitigation program from other countries (Taiwan, Japan, Netherlands, United States, and United Kingdom).

Multiple hazards, such as, earthquake, strong wind, snow, flood-induced scour, tsunami, landslide, rain, blast, explosion, fire outbreak, etc. have caused extensive global devastations to civil structure and infrastructure systems in terms of physical and socio-economic losses. The catastrophic losses are largely due to the complex effects of these multiple hazards, as the existing provisions currently do not address the intriguing effects of multi-hazard. The associated complex and multifaceted effects, hence, warrant urgent attention for establishing new design code provisions to assess new and retrofit existing structures. In this context, this article presents a detailed and comprehensive review about the multi-hazard effects on structures and infrastructures exposed to different natural and manmade hazards. The prevailing global challenges are addressed for consideration of the complex interaction and inter-relation effects under the multiple hazard scenarios. The existing information on multi-hazard analysis is critically synthesized, and the similarities and differences of existing multi-hazard studies along with the future challenges are provided. Moreover, existing assessment techniques for optimal design of structures are discussed, emphasizing the mitigation strategies adopted under the multi-hazard scenarios. Special attention is also focused in developing the scientific knowhow to protect the structures for better performance under a selection of the complex and intriguing multi-hazard scenarios.

The beach in Anyer Serang is an area with a very famous marine and coastal natural tourism destination and is visited by many tourists. However, after the tsunami in December 2018, the number of tourists coming to Anyer decreased. This is because there is no guarantee of safety if tourists visit this area, lack of information about the disaster mitigation system, and the unavailability of signs/signs where and how to go when a disaster occurs, such as: evacuation routes, evacuation sites and so on. The objectives and targets of this Community Service activity are: (1) to find out whether visitors, traders, fishermen and local communities are given knowledge about disaster mitigation; (2) provide knowledge about disaster and disaster mitigation to visitors, traders, fishermen and local communities; (3) evaluation of knowledge about disaster and disaster mitigation in the tourism area of ​​Anyer, Serang Regency. This activity uses a tourism method based on individual disaster mitigation which is carried out directly at tourist attractions. In its implementation this method begins with interviews with visitors, traders, fishermen and local communities about tourist sites and disaster mitigation from entrances to exits, and several alternative evacuation routes, and several events that have occurred and may occur, then lectures - discussions (ask responsibility) related to disaster and disaster mitigation, then evaluate the knowledge of visitors, traders, fishermen and local communities about disasters and disaster mitigation. The location of this community service implementation is the Green Garden Resort Anyer tourist area, Serang Regency. This Community Service activity was carried out for visitors, traders, fishermen and local communities in April 2020. From the activities carried out, it can be concluded that the knowledge of tourists, traders, fishermen and local communities about disasters and disaster mitigation is still lacking, especially supported by the absence of guidelines. /sign disaster mitigation.

PurposeThis paper aims to call for change in disaster research through ametis-based approach that values practical skills and knowledge (vs technical knowledge) derived from responding to ongoing changes in the natural and human environment.Design/methodology/approachThis paper is based onmetisfrom Miami-Dade County that is prone to an array of climate-related disasters.Metisis supplemented by a review of secondary sources (e.g. newspaper articles, government reports).FindingsThere is a need to reconceptualize disaster phases in disaster research—preparedness, response, recovery and mitigation. For many members of marginalized communities of color, this paper depicts preparedness and mitigation as luxuries and response as a time of worry about financial obligations and survival after the disaster. It suggests that even communities that are not on a hurricane's path could have post-disaster experiences. It also highlights ongoing risks to marginalized communities' physical and mental well-being that are in addition to the mental health impacts of the disaster during the recovery phase.Originality/valueThis paper's originality is twofold: (1) underlining the importance ofmetis, a less studied and understood concept in disaster risk reduction, prevention and management literature and (2) questioning disaster researchers' technical knowledge with respect to each of the four disaster phases in light ofmetis.

Bantul district is an earthquake-prone area because it is close to the south coast area, it is traversed by plates that cause disasters. One of the disaster mitigation efforts is to prevent the number of victims when an earthquake occurs. It is necessary to increase understanding and change people's behavior. One of the right targets is elementary school students because education at an early age will affect behavior. Earthquake disaster education is a disaster mitigation effort. The indicator is the measurement of the level of earthquake preparedness using a questionnaire. Education is carried out for students in grades 3, 4, and 5 of the Elementary School of Jigudan Srandakan Bantul. The school is located in the red zone. The results of these measurements are mostly in the ready category with a score of 65 – 79 as many as 42 students. It is important to continue the education to improve earthquake disaster mitigation.

Disasters threaten the safety of vulnerable groups such the eldery, children and women. Based on the case of natural disasters that occurred in Indonesia, the need for a pragmatic strategy in forming the Indonesian people are aware of the dangers of natural disasters. One strategic step that taken is through the education sector. This research aims to create a disaster mitigation curriculum that has been formulated to produce disaster responsive learners. This research uses R&D (research and development method) by Borg and Gall (2003), in the stages of research and information, planning and initial product development. While for curriculum development used the Tyler model with the infusion method and block method. Data collection techniques used namely interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings of this research are based curriculum products to the stages of disaster mitigation include, 1) the concept of disaster mitigation curriculum, 2) The concept of the learning process (Intrakurikuler), 3) The concept of training process (Extracurricular, and 4) The concept of the assessment process (Evaluation). These results indicate curriculum products are made to increase disaster response capabilities of students through intracurricular and extracurricular activities as well as minimizing the impact of the disaster victims and improve disaster response capabilities for students in Indonesia. Keywords: Curriculum, Disaster Mitigation, Tyler's Model.

Reading materials for elementary school students need to be adapted to the level of cognitive development at the concrete operational level. One source of reading that is suitable and liked by students is comics. The purpose of this study is to theoretically examine the role of comics in learning in order to increase knowledge and attitudes towards environmental care. This type of research is library research. Literature research has a data collection method by taking data from various references, reading, taking notes, and processing research materials. The data collection technique in this study was to find data from various references related to research problems. The instrument used is a checklist for the classification of research materials. The results showed that educational comics could increase students' knowledge of disaster mitigation. This is because the non-fiction elements in the mitigation concept that are packaged in visuals and fictional storylines can make students enjoy reading. The concept of disaster mitigation in comics can also foster an environment care attitude.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have rapidly become popular for monitoring, delivery, and actuation in many application domains such as environmental management, disaster mitigation, homeland security, energy, transportation, and manufacturing. However, the UAV perception and navigation intelligence (PNI) designs are still in their infancy and demand fundamental performance and energy optimizations to be eligible for mass adoption. In this article, we present a generalizable three-stage optimization framework for PNI systems that (i) abstracts the high-level programs representing the perception, mining, processing, and decision making of UAVs into complex weighted networks tracking the interdependencies between universal low-level intermediate representations; (ii) exploits a differential geometry approach to schedule and map the discovered PNI tasks onto an underlying manycore architecture. To mine the complexity of optimal parallelization of perception and decision modules in UAVs, this proposed design methodology relies on an Ollivier-Ricci curvature-based load-balancing strategy that detects the parallel communities of the PNI applications for maximum parallel execution, while minimizing the inter-core communication; and (iii) relies on an energy-aware mapping scheme to minimize the energy dissipation when assigning the communities onto tile-based networks-on-chip. We validate this approach based on various drone PNI designs including flight controller, path planning, and visual navigation. The experimental results confirm that the proposed framework achieves 23% flight time reduction and up to 34% energy savings for the flight controller application. In addition, the optimization on a 16-core platform improves the on-time visit rate of the path planning algorithm by 14% while reducing 81% of run time for ConvNet visual navigation.

As a discipline, the science of natural hazards and disaster risk aims to explain the spatial-temporal pattern, process and mechanism, emergency response and risk mitigation of natural hazards, which requires a multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary approach. With the support of Natural Science Finance of China (NSFC) and Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), in-depth research and systematic analysis on natural hazards and disaster risk were conducted. In this paper, the state of the art in research on natural hazards is summarized from seven aspects: formation process, mechanism and dynamic of natural hazards, disaster risk assessment, forecast, monitoring and early warning, disaster mitigation, emergency treatment and rescue, risk management and post-disaster reconstruction. The trends within the natural hazards and disaster risk as a discipline were identified, along with existing shortcomings and significant gaps that need to be addressed. This paper highlighted: 1) the scientific challenges including the frontier scientific issues and technological gaps on natural hazards and disaster risk discipline from 2025 to 2035 in China, and 2) the proposal to develop a systemic and holistic natural hazards and disaster risk discipline.

Knowledge of disaster mitigation is one of the must-have primary school teacher candidates. The research tries to identify the knowledge of prospective elementary school teachers about natural, non-natural, and social disaster mitigation. In this study, the teacher candidates referred to are primary school teacher of education department students at the University of Riau. The research method used is qualitative research. The research subjects were 69 elementary school teacher candidates. The data on disaster mitigation knowledge collected were: (a) definition of disaster mitigation; (b) type of disaster; and (c) disaster management procedures. The research instrument used was a list of interviews. Data collection using interview techniques, while data analysis using qualitative data analysis techniques. The results showed that the knowledge of prospective primary school teachers about the term disaster mitigation mainly stated that the notion of disaster mitigation is an effort to reduce or minimize the risk and impact of a disaster. The knowledge of prospective elementary school teachers about disasters has mentioned various types of natural and non-natural disasters. The knowledge of prospective school teachers in explaining disaster management procedures has provided answers about various disaster management procedures. The disaster management procedure that is most often referred to is flood disaster management. This study concludes that knowledge about disaster mitigation for prospective elementary school teachers is quite good.

This paper analyzes the pattern of earthquake mitigation messages using critical discourse analysis (CDA). It does so to seek the language patterns to understand how the texts represent earthquake mitigation procedures to target audiences. Materials and Method: Earthquake mitigation warning messages and infographics in offline and online public spaces were collected as data and analyzed using Fairclough’s framework. The texts that appeared in spaces like universities were too comprehensive, as emergency signs should be direct and straightforward. Other venues tended to focus on providing a persuasive and instructive message. Evaluation of the message should ensure that such messages are transparent and readable. Results: This paper’s findings can prevent unnecessary loss of life and property based on continuous disaster risk management through appropriate language usage in the mitigation warning system. Conclusion: It is hoped that society realizes the importance of warning messages. This is not only a sign for earthquake mitigation, but also a tool for communicating information regarding earthquakes and appropriate disaster emergency risk response.

Muncar Beach, Banyuwangi Regency is an area with high disaster risk. Community-based disaster management will be much more effective than formal agencies set up by the state. But it also does not mean that formal institutions are not important. Education, counseling, and public awareness are non-structural/non-physical disaster mitigation activities. This study aims to analyze the level of knowledge and preparedness of coastal communities in Muncar, Banyuwangi Regency in dealing with disasters, and to find out how the community-based disaster mitigation system in Muncar Beach, Banyuwangi Regency is. This research uses qualitative methods with qualitative descriptive research. Data were obtained through observation, in-depth interviews, and documents. The subjects of this research are community leaders, fishermen, and the people of Kedungrejo Muncar Village. The analysis technique in this research is inductive. In this study, the inductive analysis used is an interactive analysis technique. The results show that the paradigm of disaster management at the population level has not changed much and is still associated with myths. Knowledge and awareness of coastal communities about disaster mitigation are still very low.Keywords: Mitigation, Disaster, Muncar, Banyuwangi

Purpose Resilient hospitals have the vital role in reducing mortality, severity of injuries by providing required emergency services during accidents and disasters. This study aims to identify and prioritize key indicators on hospital resilience. Design/methodology/approach This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2019. The draft of the indicators obtained from the systematic review of the previous study was finalized, with three expert panel sessions and 14 experts in resilience fields. The outputs of these sessions were divided into three domains including constructive resilience, infrastructural resilience and administrative resilience, 17 sub-domains and 71 indicators. Then fuzzy analytic network process method was used to weight and prioritize the final indicators of hospital disaster resilience. Findings Administrative resilience, logistic and financial management and strategic outsourcing agreement allocated the highest weight as domain, sub-domains and indicators, respectively. The weight of each sub-domain and indicator was also determined. Originality/value Investigating the weight of domains, sub-domains and indicators shows the importance of managerial and operational issues in hospital resilience. By using the indicators and relative weights, a tool for measuring hospital disaster resilience can be created in further studies. The output of these assessments is effective in promoting safety and increasing awareness of hospital managers and health policymakers.

Disaster management is a big issue in the past few years. Talking about the disaster, an aspect that should be focussed on is mitigation. The development and the ability of Remote sensing technology have a significant impact on disaster management and significantly contribute to disaster mitigation, such as for the disaster monitoring system. The slow-landslide movement is rarely considered in disaster mitigation, even though the acceleration can increase time by time and will be more dangerous than usual. Therefore, the observation of the remote sensing technology is needed for disaster mitigation. PS-InSAR as a space-based observation method can observe the continuous movement on a site location. Thus, this study illustrates the slow-landslide movement mechanism based on remote sensing technology using the PS-InSAR method compared with rainfall data. In this study, the Sentinel-1 images and STAMPS/MTI by Hooper (2004) successfully detect the displacement rate of the Kalibawang Village, Special Region of Yogyakarta, Indonesia, with the maximum displacement rate -23 mm/year along the Line of Sight (LoS) of the satellite. The PS-InSAR result was also compared with the rainfall data, and shows a correlation of the movement during the rainfall season. Therefore, further mitigation is needed to reduce the risk of the disaster.

This study investigates the synoptic conditions that led to the heavy rainfall/flood (HRF) event in Mindanao Island, Philippines (122 −127°E; 5 −10°N), on January 2009 (JAN2009 HRF) that are less emphasized in previous works. Extensive flooding was reported over Cagayan de Oro City in the northern part of Mindanao, where the rainfall on January 10, 11, and 13, 2009, exceeded the 99th percentile of daily rainfall records of all January of the city from 1979 to 2017 by almost two times. A similar exceedance was also felt in Hinatuan station over the eastern coast of Mindanao Island on January 15, 2009. The interaction of a cold surge shearline over the northern Mindanao Island and the warm tropical easterlies led to enhanced moisture convergence. The warmer air mass is forced to ascend by the advancing colder air mass because it has lower density than the colder air mass. The enhanced moisture convergence and buoyancy difference by the air masses led to enhanced ascent and consequently rainfall along the cold surge shearline. Further analysis shows that enhanced anomalous easterly and northerly winds at 925 hPa are apparent over the Philippines. The anomalous easterly winds sustained the supply of warmer easterlies and collaboratively interacted with the northerly winds that supplied colder temperature air mass.The climatology of this HRF event was examined for all January from 1979 to 2017. The authors identified 15 other cases that are similar to the JAN2009 HRF event and performed lag composite analyses. The results show that the occurrence of these HRF events is facilitated by the southward expansion of the high-pressure system to the north of the Philippines, enhanced cold and warm temperature advections, and enhanced moisture convergence along the cold surge shearline. The results of this study have important implications for disaster mitigation during the northeast monsoon season when rainfall activities are, in general, less intensive over this region.

The existence of the inscription is seen as the main indicator of Indonesia's entry into historical times. The seven Sanskrit inscriptions from Tarumanegara are written evidence of the establishment of a Hindu kingdom in western Java at the beginning of the fifth century AD under the rule of King Purnawarman. One of the inscribed stone relics known as the Munjul inscription, located far from the royal capital around the Citarum estuary between Jakarta and Bekasi, which testifies to the vastness of the territory and the influence of Tarumanegara rule. Carved on the top of andesite rock in situ at the Ci Danghyang meander, a tributary of the Ci Liman river that flows into the Sunda Strait, the Munjul inscription is in a vulnerable position to natural disasters, especially the unpredictable river overflows. Considering the importance of the Cidanghyang inscription as a cultural heritage that has been registered as RNCB 20161025 01 001351, this study aims to reveal the natural phenomenon resent condition that has the potential to change, damage, and even eliminate objects and the surrounding environment. By identifying the impact of river overflow in recent years, it is hoped that this research can obtain field information about potential direct and indirect threats to cultural heritage. The results of these observations can provide a rational basis for formulating disaster mitigation policies on the Ci Danghyang river which has a direct impact on the inscription site as a preventive step in the framework of a cultural resource management system.

The Covid-19 disaster mitigation is an action to break the chain of Covid-19 transmission. Mitigation can take the form of personal as well as collective actions. The purpose of this service is to demonstrate the efforts made by citizens collectively in cutting the transmission of Covid-19. By using the participant observation method because one of the community service teams is an administrator at the RW in Sawitsari Housing and the Focus Discussion Group (FGD) with the Rukun Warga (RW) and residents, this service activity results in the following programs: socialization social distinction through the installation of banners in residential areas and community meetings held before Yogyakarta was declared a Disaster Emergency Area. Lockdown or close the village to detect the mobility in and out of residents in the residential arena, and spraying disinfectants. These programs are the implementation of the Covid-19 health protocol program carried out by residents at the Rukun Warga (RW) level in a collective way.

Flooding that occurred recently has become a very detrimental disaster for the victims. This flood disaster is still a concern for people in Indonesia. Flood mitigation needs to be done to all levels of society, especially vocational school students. Vocational school students must be responsive in any situation because, after graduation, they are ready to work. Disaster mitigation is essential to be included in learning at school. Disaster mitigation is also related to the Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) to always be ready and alert. In measuring vocational school students' understanding of disaster mitigation, initial research was carried out related to disaster mitigation and HOTS. The research subjects were 100 students of Vocational School in Jakarta who were randomly selected. This study used Google Forms as a data collection technique. The results showed that the students’ HOTS score was still low. The results showed that the Students’ HOTS scores on flooding were still low. The average score obtained by the whole students was 43.34. The male students obtained 30.27, and the female students obtained 45.97. All schools in Indonesia should implement early mitigation education that is integrated with HOTS learning.

Watershed development based on sustainable development requires open management that ensures the continuity of the coordination process between related institutions. This development is characterized by cross-sectoral and multidisciplinary. This research problem answers about 1) What is the cause of flooding in West Sumatra?; 2) What are the alternative mitigations for the flood disaster management?; 3) What are the impacts of the flood?; and 4) What are the strategic steps that can be taken?. The research study uses the library method, which is based on data obtained from the Agency of Regional Disaster Management (BPBD) West Sumatra Province in 2019. The results of this study indicate that the principles of disaster mitigation in West Sumatra have not been fully implemented, such as before a disaster, during a disaster, and after a disaster.

Research on disaster mitigation and prevention has tended to focus on the impact of natural disasters on the economy and strategies for risk reduction and mitigation. There has been significant research on disaster prevention and treatment efficiencies, however, most analyses have employed traditional data envelopment analysis (DEA) radial models that do not consider undesirable output. Differing from previous research, this study employed a non‐radial directional distance function DEA that included an undesirable output analysis to evaluate the natural hazard management efficiency in 27 provinces/municipalities/autonomous regions in China. Results show that: (a) economic losses from natural disasters were lower due to the increase in natural disaster prevention and control program expenditure; (b) the overall natural disaster control efficiencies varied significantly across the provinces; and (c) Tibet and Xinjiang, which have the lowest general disaster prevention efficiencies, could benefit from following the example set by provinces such as Sichuan and Guangdong, which have the highest disaster prevention efficiencies. Disaster prevention efficiencies measure the overall performance of each province in disaster prevention. This efficiency index is measured by input (disaster prevention expenditure) and output (number of natural disasters prevented and natural disaster economic losses), and its calculation method is the ratio of the actual value of each input and output to the target value. This ratio is called the efficiency score, and the efficiency score is between 0 and 1. An efficiency score of 1 represents the most efficient.

This study aims to explain the potential of liquefaction in Padang Lekat Village and Pasar Ujung Village Kepahiang District, explaining the feasibility of developed learning packages, and explaining students' critical thinking skills after learning the wave material through the learning package "Strain Liquidity Learning". The type of study used was research and development which aims to develop digital-based physics learning packages that are integrated with disaster mitigation education on the basic competencies of waves in high school education units. This research was conducted using ADDIE development research procedures. The results of research on the analysis of liquefaction potential based on microtremor data using the Ground Shear Strain method, zoning indication of liquefaction potential due to geological conditions and seismic potential, generally Padang Lekat Village and Pasar Ujung Kepahiang Village are areas that have no potential to experience liquefaction. However, there are a number of locations indicated by potential liquefaction, although not significantly. Learning Package Book "Learning Liquid Strain" compiled based on the analysis of liquefaction potential based on expert validation is appropriate to be used as a learning medium for seismic and liquefaction waves. In its application with distance learning, the compiled learning package book has been able to improve critical thinking skills in students even though the N-gain improvement obtained is still in the low and medium categories.

Geographically Indonesia is an island nation and has a greater sea area than land and is at the confluence of three plates namely, the Pacific plate, indoaustralis and also Eurasia. This makes indonesia as one of the countries that are often hit by disasters. Disaster mitigation education based on local wisdom is conducted in the 2013 curriculum by (1) identifying local wisdom in disaster mitigation, (2) integrating in learning. With the understanding of disaster mitigation is expected to be the basis for learners to be able to take action to reduce the influence of a hazard before the danger occurs. And it can also be one of the solutions that can be done in Indonesia to reduce the impact of disasters that can result in accidents and even deaths. This research aims to develop disaster mitigation models in elementary schools. The results of disaster education research is one of the solutions in schools to reduce the impact of disasters, as well as familiarize students to be responsive and ready for disasters. Therefore, disaster learning model needs to be developed assuming that the focus of mitigation now is not about disaster management, but refers to the understanding of responsiveness. Disaster learning should be provided through a demonstration model that can involve cognitive, affective, and psychomotor spheres in the framework of disaster mitigation.

Natural disasters are natural occurrences that have an impact on the environment, which can be in the form of damage, causing casualties, loss of property, damage to infrastructure and life facilities and infrastructure. Avalancheor often called ground movement is an event geology that happens because of the movement of the masses rock or soil with various types and types such as falling rocks or large lumps of soil. In general, there are two factors that can cause landslides, namely driving factors and triggering factors. Driving factors are factors that influence the condition of the material itself, while trigger factors are factors that cause the movement of the material. However, the main cause is gravity which affects a steep slope, but there are other factors that trigger it. Indonesia is located on the three main plates of the world, namely the Pacific, Australian and Eurasian plates which cause Indonesia to experience frequent disasters. In addition, Indonesia is geomorphologically a country that has a complete land form. Starting from mountains, slopes, savanna, marine or coastal areas. Diverse topography and land use change will be one of the causes of landslides. Various topographical conditions and the many different land functions that occur in Indonesia are one of the factors causing landslides, so knowledge of landslide disaster mitigation in landslide-prone areas is absolutely necessary to realize disaster preparedness, namely to reduce losses and casualties due to disasters. This can be done in three stages, namely before a landslide disaster occurs, during a landslide disaster and after a landslide disaster occurs. Hence, knowledge of landslide disaster mitigation in landslide-prone areas is absolutely necessary to realize disaster preparedness, namely to reduce losses and casualties due to disasters. This can be done in three stages, namely before a landslide disaster occurs, during a landslide disaster and after a landslide disaster occurs. Hence, knowledge of landslide disaster mitigation in landslide-prone areas is absolutely necessary to realize disaster preparedness, namely to reduce losses and casualties due to disasters. This can be done in three stages, namely before a landslide disaster occurs, during a landslide disaster and after a landslide disaster occurs.

Research related to disaster mitigation is still an interesting topic to discuss. Moreover, Japan is also a disaster-prone country. The focus of this research is to discuss the cultivation of disaster mitigation education and how it is implemented in Japanese society. This study uses the literature method because it is considered the most appropriate and possible due to limited space. By taking data from official reports published by the Japanese government as secondary data, this research article will try to discuss the effectiveness of disaster education carried out by Japanese society. This study found that there are several keys to the success of disaster mitigation education carried out by Japan, including the role of educational facilitators, the role of central and local government, the existence of disaster response organizations and community cooperation as a whole. This paper is expected to complement previous research related to disaster knowledge. Thus, it is hoped that it can provide benefits especially to Indonesia, which is also a country that is quite often hit by natural disasters.

NTB Province is one of the areas prone to natural disasters. In 2018 there was an earthquake that destroyed infrastructure and the safety of human life. The number of casualties due to the earthquake, one of which is the lack of public knowledge about disasters. Through counseling, the increase in knowledge and capacity to reduce disaster risk in science master students at the University of Mataram. It is hoped that students as intellectual agents in the community can continue or inform their environment. Data collection methods: before and after counseling, students were given a questionnaire via google form sent via WA regarding a) disaster knowledge, b) disaster risk reduction capacity and c) disaster mitigation measures. The discussion is more devoted to earthquake disasters. Outreach was held on November 5, 2020 virtually via zoom meeting. The number of participants who took part was 45 people, consisting of 16 male students and 29 female students. The results show that it is not satisfactory, because the percentage increase in knowledge at the high level is still smaller than the percentage level at the lower level. Therefore, it is suggested that education about disaster risk capacity still needs to be disseminated.

In this study, we examine the scientific feasibility of an Earthquake Early Warning System in Tehran, Iran, by the integration of the Tehran Disaster Mitigation and Management Organization (TDMMO) accelerometric network and the PRobabilistic and Evolutionary early warning SysTem (PRESTo). To evaluate the performance of the TDMMO-PRESTo system in providing the reliable estimations of earthquake parameters and the available lead-times for The Metropolis of Tehran, two different approaches were analyzed in this work. The first approach was assessed by applying the PRESTo algorithms on waveforms from 11 moderate instrumental earthquakes that occurred in the vicinity of Tehran during the period 2009–2020. Moreover, we conducted a simulation analysis using synthetic waveforms of 10 large historical earthquakes that occurred in the vicinity of Tehran. We demonstrated that the six worst-case earthquake scenarios can be considered for The Metropolis of Tehran, which are mostly related to the historical and instrumental events that occurred in the southern, eastern, and western parts of Tehran. Our results indicate that the TDMMO-PRESTo system could provide reliable and sufficient lead-times of about 1 to 15s and maximum lead-times of about 20s for civil protection purposes in The Metropolis of Tehran.

The main objective of this paper is to present the techno-economic analysis of an off-grid Photovoltaic system, which prepared to support disaster mitigation scheme in remote areas. As a case study, a regency in Mentawai Island, Sumatera Barat is chosen to represent a remote area in a disaster-prone location. The proposed system capacity is 20 kWp PV system as a single electricity source for medical facility in the island. As a tool in this study, RETScreen software was used to analyze the technical, environmental, and economical feasibility analysis. As a base case scenario, the medical facility was supported by a diesel-fueled generator and the PV system can deliver 10.14 MWh of electricity to load annually. Net annual GHG emission reduction of the system is 19.4 ton of CO2 equivalent. With the total initial cost for the whole PV system at USD 41,380, RETScreen simulation result showed that the equity payback of the project is 6.0 years with IRR of 11.9% hence the project is financially viable.

Landslide is a disaster that potentially harmful to the community. Education facilities are severely vulnerable to landslides. Therefore, this study focused on analyzing the environmental vulnerability of elementary education in landslides-prone area (KRB) in Boyolali Regency as a basis for disaster mitigation planning. The population in this study were all primary schools in landslides-prone area (KRB) of Boyolali Regency. The sampling technique was conducted by using purposive sampling. The school sample was determined based on the location in the landslides-prone area (KRB) of Boyolali Regency, the location of the school based on the slope, and the similarity of Accreditation from the Indonesian Ministry of Education and Culture. Respondents in this study were the principal and permanent teachers in each sample school. The data analysis in this research was done by using descriptive statistics. The analysis of the vulnerability of elementary education was obtained from the results of questionnaires and interviews which have been validated by field survey. These results were used as the basis for landslide disaster mitigation planning. The indicators of vulnerability in this study are policies, facilities and infrastructure, knowledge, and structure of school buildings. The results of data analysis showed that the three sample schools belonged to three different vulnerability classes. The findings in this study are the level of vulnerability of the elementary education environment was not in line with the location of the school in the landslides-prone area (KRB) of Boyolali Regency and the slope. SDN 1 Ngadirojo was located on a gentle slope but had a high level of vulnerability because of low preparedness. SDN 2 Jlarem was on a rather steep slope with a moderate level of vulnerability because of its good preparedness. Furthermore, SDN 2 Ngagrong was on a steep slope but had high preparedness so that its level of vulnerability was low

Geologically, Indonesia is a country prone to disasters, particularly volcanic eruptions. One of the steps that can be taken to minimize the impact of volcanic eruptions is through the education sector as foundation the knowledge, attitudes, and skills of students. Therefore, this study aims to determine the preparedness of students in dealing with volcanic eruptions based on aspects of knowledge about volcanic eruptions, responsiveness in dealing with volcanic eruptions, and evacuation skills in dealing with volcanic eruptions. The subjects of the study were 26 students from 8th grade at Junior High School of 1 Ngancar. Research method in this study is by interviews and tests. Samples of respondents were taken randomly based on suggestions from science teachers at Junior High School of 1 Ngancar. The results of the research that have been carried out are as follows: Student preparedness is still in the poor category, seen from the aspect of knowledge and skills in evacuation, while the aspect of disaster response attitudes shows conflicting results, where based on the test of disaster response attitudes, 83.3% is in the good category. However, based on interviews with science teachers, it shows that the facilities, and there has never been any socialization related to disaster mitigation in the school environment. Therefore, it is necessary to do an application test to find out whether disaster response attitudes are truly embedded in students.

Indonesia coastal areas have considerable natural disaster potential including in Kalianda District South Lampung Regency. Natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis and volcanic activity are likely to occur in coastal areas. The disaster has an impact on economic losses in the marine tourism area. In order to mitigate tsunami disasters in the marine tourism area of Kalianda District, South Lampung Regency, 3 (three) types of tsunami mitigation are needed, namely: construction of coastal protection, installation of the Tsunami Early Warning System (TEWS) and planting of coastal vegetation. This study aims to determine the value of willingness to pay (WTP) of community and tourists in supporting the management of the three types of tsunami disaster mitigation above by using economic valuation / Contingent Valuation Method (CVM). The results of this study indicate that the WTP value of community for coastal protection management is Rp 15.547/person/month while the WTP value of tourist is Rp 12.030/one time entry. Meanwhile, for the WTP value of TEWS management is obtained Rp 12.174/person/month. WTP value for the management of coastal vegetation is Rp 12.444/person/month. The WTP calculation is based on consideration of 3 (three) factors, namely age, income, livelyhood and education level. This research shows that the community and tourists are willing to pay for the management of the three types of tsunami disaster mitigation through BUMDes and entrance fees for marine tourism area. The three types of tsunami disaster mitigation can protect, provide security and calm to the community and tourists in the marine tourism area of Kalianda District, South Lampung Regency from future tsunami.

Several marine research have attempted to design a data observation system using Internet of Things (IoT). In the future, this system is predicted to become a necessity for marine researchers as a strategic technology to continuously access data. Therefore, this study provides information on the development and application of observation and data collection systems using IoT. The coastal weather and tidal data were obtained via the automatic coastal weather station and acoustic gauge respectively. Meanwhile, the various research activities commenced in July, 2018. In the first year, an operational observation system was developed, while comprehensive baseline data such as air temperature, humidity, wind speed, and sea surface level were also collected. This collection system is reliable, provides real-time data, and easily accessible with internet connection. Furthermore, the Bintan Marine Observation System (The Bintan MOS) is also suitable for other uses such as; monitoring water quality and marine mammals, as well as disaster mitigation. The adoption of this system by other sectors potentially conditions marine researchers for data exchange, to fully understand the fluctuations in coastal weather of Western and Eastern Indonesia as well as the tropical and sub-tropical marine weather. This study successfully developed the Bintan MOS, capable of providing reliable information both off-line and real-time.Keywords:Marine observation systemCoastal weatherTidalBintan

In addition to adequate information about the potential for the Covid-19 disaster that has hit the world, especially Indonesia, mistakes in communicating information can cause uncertainty that worsens the situation. This study aims to analyze the disaster analysis model in the protected care application created by the government as a form of disaster mitigation in this country. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method. The object of the research is the disaster communication model in the Pedulilindung application launched by KOMINFO. The subjects of this research are parties involved in making the idea of a protected application, namely the head of the Public Relations Bureau of KOMINFO Mr. Ferdinandu Setu and also the users of the application. Methods of data collection using in-depth interviews and observations. as a result, KOMINFO conducts disaster response with a disaster communication model which includes, among others, information, communication, coordination, disaster mitigation and the media. media involvement ensures messages and information conveyed are accurate, fast and precise, targeting the use of social media in Indonesia to the fifth largest in the world, but the result is that many Indonesians are reluctant to use the application because it is not effective.

Typhoon Hagibis struck Japan on October 12–13, 2019. There was substantial damage over a wide area including the Tohoku region. In particular, Marumori Town, an urban area in Miyagi Prefecture that includes a town hall, was flooded due to heavy rain. The maximum cumulative rainfall and hourly rainfall measured in the town were over 600 and 70 mm, respectively. Heavy rain caused river flooding and landslides throughout the town, resulting in 10 deaths and one missing person. There was also substantial damage to the infrastructure, such as roads, railways, and river levees. The authors performed a field survey immediately after the disaster, and analyzed the observed data. Most levee breaches occurred due to overflow. A breached levee that failed in an unusual direction, namely, a failure which took place from the landside toward the waterside, was also observed. Landslides were not only caused by the amount of rainfall, but also by geological and topographical factors. Roads and railways were damaged by both river flooding and landslides. While both river flooding and landslides occurred in the Usudaira community, which is in the middle reaches of the Gofukuya River, there were no deaths or missing persons. This should be an important case for future disaster mitigation.

The Kyoto Landslide Commitment 2020 (KLC 2020;Sassa [3]) has officially been launched since the online launching session of KLC 2020, 5 November 2020 in the midst of COVID19 pandemic (Sassa [4], [5]) In the field of capacity building, SE RIBC offers courses for postgraduate students in landslide mechanics, dynamics and stabilization, and landslide risk mitigation Since 2011, UB FMG has been a full member of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) and has gradually been intensifying its contributions to the ICL worldwide efforts for landslide risk reduction and international promotion of landslide research Since 2009, ITGIS has been a full member of the International Consortium on Landslides (ICL) and has been gradually intensifying its contributions to the ICL worldwide efforts for landslide risk reduction and international promotion of landslide research [Extracted from the article] Copyright of Landslides is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )

This study aims to determine the approach to landslide disaster mitigation in Kenagarian Sungai Landia, IV Koto Subdistrict, which is carried out by the Agam District Disaster Management Agency and also by the Sungai Landia village government. This research method is a qualitative method with descriptive type. The research location is in the office of the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Agam Regency and the office of the Wali Nagari Sungai Landia. Data collection using caca interviews, observation, and study documentation. The research informants were several heads of fields, section heads in the Regional Disaster Management Agency of Agam Regency, Wali Nagari Sungai Landia and several staff, several high-ranking officials of the Landia River Kenagarian and the Kenagarian Sungai Landia community. The results showed that mitigation measures had been taken, but the mitigation measures had not been maximally implemented by the Agam District BPBD and the Sungai Landia village government.

Partnership in disaster mitigation is important considering that disaster risk reduction efforts are the responsibility of all parties. This study aims to analyze and describe the partnerships of government, NGOs, and Non-Government organization in disaster smart schools in improving earthquake and tsunami disaster preparedness in school located in the red zone in Padang City. This research is motivated by the city of Padang which is a disaster-prone area. Therefore, the municipal government of Padang has the responsibility to protect its citizens from the threat of disaster. The research design used is a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. This research design is considered capable of explaining this research in depth. The results showed that overall the partnership between BPBD Padang and its partners namely Kogami, Jemari Sakato, POF BPBD West Sumatra, and DRRI, in an effort to improve preparedness in schools has gone quite well. The partnership in this study uses a mutualistic partnership models because the partners are aware of the important aspects of partnership, namely providing mutual benefit and getting more benefits so that they are able to optimally achieve the goals of Disaster Smart Schools.

About disaster management can result in many fatalities. One aspect in minimizing disaster impacts is disaster mitigation. Disaster mitigation as a way to increase community participation in reducing disaster risk. Therefore, BPBD established a disaster management program, namely the Tangguh Bencana Village program. Karang City is one of the villages that received assistance from the Tangguh Bencana Village program. This research aims to identify forms of community participation and the level of community participation in the Tangguh Bencana Village program. The method used in this research is descriptive research type with qualitative approach. Data collection is conducted using interviews, and documentation. The results of this study showed that the participation of the community of Kota Karang Village in the Tangguh Bencana Village program is quite good, because the community provides participation in the form of energy, and social. Furthermore, the level of community participation is still at the level of tokenism (pseudo participation) of the community has given its participation but in its implementation the decision is still in the hands of the government.

Heavy rain in Semarang on 1 January 2020 caused flooding. The existence of heavy rain cannot be separated from the dynamics of weather parameters which are closely related to the convection process and cloud formation. In this paper research has been conducted using Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF), to analyze the growth patterns of convective clouds as an effort to mitigate the initial events of extreme rainfall disasters. Several weather parameters that support cloud growth are very significant, namely the parameter values ​​that support the convection process to form convective clouds (Cumulonimbus). The results of the model show that there has been extreme rainfall which can be used as initial mitigation of hydrometeorological disasters.

Disaster mitigation efforts in learning mathematics need to be done to foster a disaster awareness attitude in students through higher-order thinking skills (HOTS) questions in mathematics with a disaster context. One effort that can be done is to design mathematics problems in a disaster context. This study aimed to obtain valid HOTS mathematics questions in the disaster context for junior high school students. This research is development research that is limited to the self-evaluation and expert review stages only. This study obtained 16 HOTS questions in mathematics with disaster context for junior high school students, which were valid both in terms of content and construct. The disaster context used includes drought, tsunami, earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, climate change, landslides, forest fires, and floods. The implication of this research is that valid questions can be used by teachers in the teaching and learning process in the classroom.

Bencana alam adalah suatu kondisi yang tidak kita harapkan, oleh karena itu pemahaman terhadap proses terjadinya bencana serta faktor penyebab terjadinya bencana menjadi sangat penting bagi pemerintah dan masyarakat. Salah satu bencana yang menjadi perhatian pemerintah dan masyarakat adalah tanah longsor yang perlu diketahui dampak dan cara penanggulangannya. Alternatif yang dilakukan dapat berupa mitigasi penanggulangan bencana, hal ini mampu mengurangi resiko yang berkelanjutan terhadap kerentanan terjadinya bahaya tanah longsor. Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk menganalisis dan mengamati bagaimana mitigasi penanggulangan bencana yang ada di Kabupaten Ogan Komering Ulu. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian deskriftif menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, Subjek penelitian merupakan individu dan atau kelompok yang diharapkan peneliti dapat menceritakan apa yang diketahui tentang sesuatu yang berkaitan dengan fenomena atau kasus yang diteliti. Hasil penelitian dan pembahasan, BPBD Ogan Komering Ulu sebagai Badan yang bertugas bidang kebencanaan tremasuk bencana tanah longsor dalam melakukan tahapan mitigasi seperti pemetaan, pemeriksaan, penyelidikan dan sosialisasi belum secara maksimal melakukan mitigasi penanggulangan bencana. Tindakan penanggulangan bencana dilakukan oleh pihak BPBD dilakukan setelah bencana terjadi.