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No vasto campo da saúde e de suas diversas ramificações, seja em estruturas de prestação de serviços (hospitais, clínicas, unidades básicas e outros), seja no grande sistema de saúde (instituições de ensino, veículos de comunicação, fornecedores, governo, órgãos de vigilância e de monitoramento, associações da sociedade civil, entre outros, e que contribuem sobremaneira para as práticas da atenção à saúde, sua promoção e prevenção), temos dois grandes campos que interagem, se relacionam e se imbricam nessa relação: a gestão da informação e a da comunicação em saúde. É a informação e suas formas de produção, circulação e consumo que conectam essas partes de um sistema complexo, como o da Saúde Coletiva.

Individuals with an excessive use of social media may be frequently exposed to stimuli, such as (fake) news or images of violence, which might lead to a higher fear of war. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine the association between a social media addiction and fear of war (conventional war and nuclear war) in Germany. Data were taken from a nationally representative survey with n = 3091 participants (18 to 74 years; data collection in mid-March 2022). Social media addiction was quantified using the validated Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale. Moreover, established items were used to quantify a fear of war. Medium differences (in terms of Cohen’s d) were identified regarding the fear of war between individuals without a social media addiction and individuals with a social media addiction. Adjusting for several covariates, the regressions revealed that individuals with a social media addiction had a higher fear of war compared to individuals without a social media addiction (fear of a conventional war: β = 0.44, p < 0.01; fear of a nuclear war: β = 0.61, p < 0.001). In conclusion, our study demonstrated an association between a social media addiction and fear of war.

Los universos narrativos transmedia y sus multiversos se han convertido en las mayores fuentes de producciones audiovisuales de la industria cinematográfica y del videojuego. Star Wars, el universo Tolkien, DC Comics, Harry Potter o Marvel, son ejemplos de narrativas transmedia que contienen numerosos storyworlds interconectados mediante conexiones transmediáticas, formando así universos con capacidad para crear incesantemente nuevas producciones cinematográficas y nuevo contenido multiplataforma. Gran parte de su éxito se debe a la expansión y la profundidad como elementos clave de la transmedialidad y la convergencia de medios. El artículo analiza los elementos característicos de estos universos narrativos a través del estudio de caso de la saga Los Vengadores, parte nuclear del Universo Cinematográfico de Marvel (UCM), desde una perspectiva multidisciplinar mediante el estudio del discurso y la semiótica. El análisis del contenido de las cuatro películas que forman parte de la citada saga permite identificar, en primer lugar, el uso constante de recursos intertextuales que provienen de las humanidades (la literatura, la historia, la filosofía, la mitología y la cultura fílmica) y, en segundo lugar, su relación con las citadas capacidades de expansión y profundidad de las narrativas transmedia. El texto propone la necesidad de remarcar la importancia de los fundamentos humanistas para la creación de un universo narrativo profundo, orgánico y en constante expansión de la saga, así como de la comprensión holística de su sentido por parte de los receptores, que puede conllevar el incremento de la participación activa de la comunidad fandom, la creación de contenidos generados por usuarios y su vinculación con dicho universo. info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion

Arazi toplulaştırması, tarımsal yapının düzeltilmesi amacına hizmet eden bir faaliyettir. Türkiye’deki uygulamaya göre arazi toplulaştırması, zorunlu ve isteğe bağlı yöntemle gerçekleştirilmektedir. İsteğe bağlı yöntemin ulusal çapta yaygınlaşması, toplulaştırmanın tarımsal arazi maliklerinin büyük çoğunluğunca benimsenmesine bağlıdır. Bunun için de üreticilerin öncelikle bu faaliyet hakkında bilgi sahibi olmaları gereklidir. Kitle iletişim araçları arazi toplulaştırmasının tanıtılması noktasında büyük olanaklar sunmaktadır. Bu çalışmada kitle iletişim araçları arasında yer alan radyo/televizyon ve internetin üreticilerin arazi toplulaştırmasından haberdar olmaları ve toplulaştırmaya katılımlarına yönelik tutumlarına etkisinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda, Çanakkale ilinde arazi toplulaştırması yapılan 19 yerleşim yerinden 346 üretici ile anket yapılmıştır. Araştırma kapsamında üreticilerin radyo/televizyon dinleme/izleme sıklıkları ve internet kullanma durumları ile proje öncesinde arazi toplulaştırmasından haberdar olma düzeyleri ve toplulaştırmaya katılıma yönelik tutumları arasında istatistiki bakımdan anlamlı bir ilişki bulunup bulunmadığı incelenmiştir. Çalışma sonucunda, üreticilerin radyo/televizyon dinleme ve izleme sıklıkları ile proje öncesinde toplulaştırma faaliyetinden haberdar olma düzeyleri ve toplulaştırmaya katılıma yönelik tutumları arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Üreticilerin internet kullanma durumları ile toplulaştırmadan haberdar olma düzeyleri ve toplulaştırmaya aktif katılıma yönelik tutumları arasında ise istatistiki bakımdan anlamlı bir ilişki tespit edilememiştir. Çalışma sonuçlarına göre, televizyon ve radyoda arazi toplulaştırmasının faydaları ile ilgili programların çoğaltılması önerilmektedir. Ayrıca internetin bilgiye ulaşma amacıyla kullanımının yaygınlaştırılabilmesi için yayım çalışmaları yapılmasının da gerekli olduğu düşünülmektedir., Land consolidation is an activity that serves the purpose of reducing the agricultural structure. Land consolidation based on practices in Turkey is carried out with the mandatory and optional methods. The national spread of the optional method depends on the adoption of consolidation by the majority of agricultural landowners. Fort his, producers must first have information about this activity. Mass media offers great opportunities for the promotion of land consolidation. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the effect of radio/television and internet, which are among the mass media, on awareness of land consolidation and their attitudes towards their participation in consolidation. Fort his purpose, a survey was conducted with 346 producers in 19 settlements where land consolidation was carried out in Çanakkale province. Within the scope of the research, it was examined whether there is a statistically significant relationship between the frequency of radio/television listening/watching and internet usage of the producers and their level of awareness about land consolidation before the project and their attitudes towards participation in consolidation. As a result of the study, it has been determined that there is a high level of significant relationship between the frequency of the producers listening to and watching radio/television and their level of awareness about the consolidation activity before the project and their attitudes towards participation in consolidation. On the other hand, no statistically significant relationship was found between the internet usage status of producers and their level of awareness of land consolidation and their attitudes towards participation in consolidation. According to the results of the study, it is recommended to increase the number programs on the benefits of land consolidation on television and radio. In addition, it is thought that it is necessary to extension studies in order to popularize the use of the internet for accessing information.

Media coverage affects policy and debates around organ donation and transplantation. We performed a content analysis of stories in the Canadian popular press with a focus on organ donation and transplantation. We built a data set of articles published between Jan. 1, 2000, and May 7, 2019, that included 2082 articles, and we assessed their headlines and lead paragraphs to determine the stories' focus and tone. The most common topics were recipients and donors (46.4%), policy (31.6%) and raising awareness/funds (26.6%). The tone of the articles was positive in 39.1%, neutral in 34.4%, and negative in 26.5%. The strong focus on patients in the reporting may be clouding critical policy discussions. Health communicators and policy-makers should continually assess how to create engaging messaging that remains accurate.

Although mask-wearing can curb the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic and protect others, the attitudes and behaviors regarding wearing a mask during the COVID-19 pandemic appear to differ between partisan groups. This study aimed to investigate whether wearing a mask in public can be elicited by uplifting media messages through increasing universal orientation and prosocial motivation. In addition, we tested whether uplifting videos focusing on patriotic American values (e.g., the flag, military) moderated partisan differences related to both feelings of inspiration and an individual's attitudes and behavioral intentions regarding mask-wearing. Participants (N = 446) were exposed to an uplifting video devoid of patriotic messages, an uplifting video featuring patriotic messages, or a control video. Results showed that both Democrats and Republicans found both uplifting videos inspiring, leading to greater universal orientations and prosocial motivations. Universal orientations were associated with more favorable attitudes and behavioral intentions regarding mask use among Republicans, and prosocial motivations lead to more favorable attitudes among members of both parties. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved) Impact Statement An online experiment examined if uplifting videos that did or did not feature patriotic themes would lead to more favorable attitudes about wearing masks to curtail the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic among Democrats and Republicans. The results showed that both types of uplifting videos led to heightened feelings of connectedness with others and with prosocial motivations. These responses, in turn, were associated with more favorable attitudes about wearing masks. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved)

The LiveLighter® 2016 ‘Junk Food’ campaign ran for 5 weeks in Western Australia (WA) and urged adults to reduce their junk food consumption to avoid weight gain and associated chronic disease. A cohort design assessed campaign impact on knowledge, beliefs and behaviour. Pre-campaign (n = 1501) and post-campaign (n = 737) telephone surveys of WA adults aged 25–49 were undertaken. A post-campaign-only sample (n = 501) controlled for pre-test effects. The campaign reached 57% of respondents and increased knowledge of the link between overweight and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (78% cf. 87%; P

Abstract. Background: The differences in emotional reactions toward media reports of celebrity suicides between distressed and non-distressed individuals have rarely been explored. Aim: We aimed to explore differences in reaction patterns to the news coverage of a celebrity’s suicide between distressed and nondistressed individuals in Taiwan. Method: We conducted an Internet survey to assess the impact of the news coverage of a celebrity’s suicide. A series of χ2 tests, Spearman’s rank correlations, and logistic regression analyses were performed to compare the differences in emotional involvement and psychological impact after exposure to suicide news between distressed and nondistressed individuals. Results: A total of 1,258 Internet users responded to the survey (236 men and 1,020 women). Compared with nondistressed individuals, distressed individuals ( n = 537) were more likely to feel suicidal (11% vs. 2%, p < .001) after reading the news. They were less willing to seek help when in need (62% vs. 77%, p < .001). All the variables remained significant after adjustment for sociodemographic variables in regression analyses. Limitations: The Internet-based survey may suffer from selection bias. Conclusion: Extensive media reporting of suicide stories has a profound impact on readers, particularly on vulnerable groups. Responsible reporting of suicide incidents is crucial for suicide prevention.

The problem of the spatial patterns of information transmitted by media is insufficiently debated within the literature so far. In relation to territorial marketing, in most countries the role of TV coverage is a pivotal one as it has the most intense impact on the wider public. Moreover, the TV news-reporting agenda to a large degree also epitomises the press and radio coverage agenda. This paper aims at assessing whether the selected attributes of real economic life in NUTS III regions in Czechia find their adequate portrayal in the regionally related contributions of an economic character that appear in national TV news reporting. Our attention was devoted primarily to the territorial perspective; more specifically, to the 14 self-governing regions in Czechia. In order to reduce the urban character of Prague, two NUTS III regions with the same centre, Prague and Central Bohemia, were aggregated into one territory. This is compliant with their natural geographical characteristics. Thus, the final number of analysed territories reached thirteen. Naturally, the share of news about the given topics in individual regions should roughly correspond to the presence of the themes in terms of territorial statistics. We will attempt to examine the intensity of the above-mentioned congruence. In this article, we shall concentrate on selected economic pillars. These pillars include economic life, economic policy, economic criminality, as well as research, development, and education. These pillars facilitate the evaluation of centralities and peripheralities in Czechia with regard to both material (i.e., real) and intangible (i.e., TV coverage-based) components. The process of gatekeeping plays a critical role in the selection of information that is transformed into media. Moreover, one cannot ignore the media bias - i.e., the bias or perceived bias of journalists and news producers - within the mass media in the selection of events and stories that are reported and the way they are covered. The research question posed in the frame of this article is as follows: can the significant differences between the virtual portrayals and genuine economic characteristics be found in all investigated territories in Czechia? Quantitative content analysis has been utilised for the classification and structuration of individual contributions in TV news reporting. In sum, disproportions between the real and virtual economic characters of regions are identified. Deviations from potential balance could be found in all of four defined economic pillars. Even more, single events may be so intensive that they affect and even distort the whole media portrayal of concrete regions. Subsequently, the relationship between centralities and peripheralities may become more intense and at the same time flexible within the virtual dimension. In this way, the intangible dimensions of centralities and peripheralities can act as either supportive or mitigating powers in relation to their material counterparts. Web of Science 36 3 164 145

Published findings of opinion polls are an important part of the political coverage before elections. Thus, researchers have long investigated whether the perceived popularity of political parties can lead to even more voters following this majority. However, empirical findings on this so-called political bandwagon effect are mixed. In the present paper, we integrate theories from political science and social psychology to explain these inconsistencies through social class as a potential moderating variable. Based on previous findings regarding consumer decisions, we hypothesized that bandwagon effects are greater among voters with lower social class. To investigate this hypothesis, we combined data from the German Longitudinal Election Study (GLES) Rolling Cross-Section 2021, which was collected over the 55 days before the 2021 German federal election, with the results of published preelection polls. Using separate multilevel models for each of the parties, we found no evidence for bandwagon effects. Only for the Social Democratic Party were poll results related to voting intentions assessed on the following day, suggesting that polls might have contributed to the party's electoral success. However, there was no evidence for a moderation of bandwagon effects by voters' social class. Accordingly, we could not resolve the mixed findings in this field of research. Our results point to important open questions in research on bandwagon effects in multiparty systems as well as on effects of social class in Germany.The online version of this article (10.1007/s11615-022-00417-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.Ergebnisse von Meinungsumfragen sind ein wichtiger Bestandteil der politischen Berichterstattung vor Wahlen. Daher wird seit Langem untersucht, ob die aufgrund von Umfrageergebnissen wahrgenommene Popularität politischer Parteien dazu führen kann, dass sich Wählende der scheinbaren Mehrheit anschließen. Die empirischen Ergebnisse zu diesem sogenannten politischen Bandwagon-Effekt sind jedoch gemischt. Im vorliegenden Artikel haben wir Theorien aus der Politikwissenschaft und der Sozialpsychologie integriert, um diese Unstimmigkeiten durch den sozialen Status als mögliche moderierende Variable zu erklären. Auf der Grundlage früherer Erkenntnisse zu Konsumentscheidungen stellten wir die Hypothese auf, dass Bandwagon-Effekte bei Wählenden mit niedrigerem sozialem Status größer ausfallen. Zur Untersuchung dieser Hypothese kombinierten wir Daten der German Longitudinal Election Study (GLES) Rolling Cross-Section-Wahlkampfstudie 2021, die in den letzten 55 Tagen vor der Bundestagswahl 2021 durchgeführt wurde, mit Umfrageergebnissen, die in diesem Zeitraum veröffentlicht wurden. In separaten Mehrebenenmodellen für jede der Parteien zeigte sich keine Evidenz für Bandwagon-Effekte. Lediglich für die SPD standen die Umfrageergebnisse in Zusammenhang mit der am Folgetag berichteten Wahlabsicht, was darauf hindeutet, dass die Umfragen zum Wahlerfolg der Partei beigetragen haben könnten. Wir fanden jedoch keine Evidenz für eine Moderation der Bandwagon-Effekte durch den sozialen Status der Wählenden. Dementsprechend konnten wir die gemischten Ergebnisse in diesem Forschungsfeld nicht auflösen. Unsere Ergebnisse weisen auf wichtige offene Fragen in der Forschung zu Bandwagon-Effekten in Mehrparteiensystemen sowie zu Effekten des sozialen Status in Deutschland hin.

Knowledge of how science is consumed in public domains is essential for understanding the role of science in human society. Here we examine public use and public funding of science by linking tens of millions of scientific publications from all scientific fields to their upstream funding support and downstream public uses across three public domains-government documents, news media and marketplace invention. We find that different public domains draw from various scientific fields in specialized ways, showing diverse patterns of use. Yet, amidst these differences, we find two important forms of alignment. First, we find universal alignment between what the public consumes and what is highly impactful within science. Second, a field's public funding is strikingly aligned with the field's collective public use. Overall, public uses of science present a rich landscape of specialized consumption, yet, collectively, science and society interface with remarkable alignment between scientific use, public use and funding.

During the last few years, mobile phones and social networks have deeply changed relationships and, insidiously, the use and representations of languages in Vanuatu. In spite of being very recent, it seems that new ways of communication imply changes regarding the various ways of using and adapting languages, amongst which are code-switching and language-shifting. Bislama, the national local lingua franca, is becoming more and more used in phone conversations. Internet and especially social networks (such as Facebook) are revealing new language strategies in social intercourses. This article examines interactions of languages that are mediated through social networks and mobile phone exchanges. More specifically, this paper discusses different language ideologies that are manifest in and deployed over forms of telecommunication.

Under the current big data background, the training mode of radio and television director technology is obsolete, and the technical means do not meet the needs of modern development. In this article, a self-adaptive multivariate data statistical model of radio and television directors based on the least squares support vector machine is proposed, which combines the students’ views with the diversified teaching methods and teaching contents needed by university teachers in the process of vocational education and television education. This article applies the technology integration degree measurement, market integration degree measurement, business integration degree measurement, and integration degree comprehensive analysis to analyze the data of major video websites and major radio and television media. It is found that the market share of major radio and television media is increasing, and the number of broadcasts of major video online stores is also excellent.

Taking advantage of the divergent strategies for instruction at different universities during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study presents a quasi-experiment comparing narrative media use by students at an online-only university (lower social interaction) with those at an in-person university (higher social interaction). To do so, we rely on perspectives from research on parasocial relationships, retrospective imaginative involvement, and self-determination theory. Students with lower social interaction were expected to rely more heavily on narrative media content to satisfy intrinsic needs by engaging in parasocial relationships with media characters and also retrospectively imagining media content. Our results confirmed that parasocial relationships and retrospective imaginative involvement were predictive of need satisfaction through narrative media;however, these patterns were similar among students at both universities—likely due to extreme feelings of isolation in both groups © 2021 American Psychological Association

This article looks at debates over human trafficking by considering the linkages between federal funding, media myths, and non-governmental organization (NGO) activities and by examining the textual and visual content of NGO websites. By highlighting the ways in which NGOs echo government communication strategies, we argue that these debates are constrained not only by the current political terrain, but also by an ingrained and problematic anti-trafficking discourse. Further, we interrogate the language and emotive appeals of NGOs that receive federal funding for anti-trafficking programming through the exploration of counter-discourses developed by both scholars and independent organizations that are critical of dominant narratives and policies. We conclude by suggesting that alternative narratives and media strategies are needed for the development of more nuanced and authentic conceptions of labour, migration, and sex work. Cet article examine les debats sur la traite des personnes en considerant des liens entre le financement federal, les mythes des medias, et les organisations nongouvernementales (ONG) et en examinant le contenu textuel et visuel des sites web des ONG. En analysant la facon dont les activites des ONG refletent les strategies de communication du gouvernement, nous soutenons que ces debats sont limites non seulement par le terrain politique actuel, mais aussi par un discours anti-trafic enracine et problematique. En outre, nous interrogeons le langage et les appels emotifs des ONG qui recoivent des fonds du gouvernement federal pour la programmation pour la lutte contre la traite a travers l’exploration de contre-discours developpes par les universitaires et les organisations independantes critiques de recits et politiques dominants. Nous concluons en suggerant que les recits alternatifs et des strategies mediatiques sont necessaires pour le development des conceptions plus nuancees et authentiques du travail, de la migration, et du travail du sexe.

यह संपादकीय लेख नई दिल्ली से प्रकाशित फारवर्ड प्रेस के अंतिम प्रिंट अंक में प्रकाशित हुआ है। आलेख में न्यूज रूम के लोकतांत्रिक स्वरूप की आवश्यकता पर चर्चा है। साथ दलित-बहुजन पत्रकारिता के विभिन्न आयाम इसमें सामने आए हैं।फारवर्ड प्रेस पत्रिका दलित-बहुजन पत्रकारिता के लिए चर्चित रही है। This article is available in English, which can be accessed at: https://doi.org/10.17613/2dd6-cw19

This dissertation has three primary aims. The first is to decentre Euro-America in the Anglophone literature of radio broadcasting during the Interwar Period, and the second is to decentre China in the Sinophone literature on early-period broadcasting before 1949. As radio was a global medium, a history of one without the other would be incomplete. The third aim of this dissertation is to decentre Shanghai in the study of Chinese radio history. To this end, it introduces the history of the Central Broadcasting Station, i.e., Nationalist Radio. Founded by the Chinese Nationalist Party in 1928, Nationalist Radio was the inspiration of a conservative group of revolutionaries within the party called the CC Clique, whose belief in scientism led them to place radio broadcasting at the centre of the party state. During the Nanjing Decade (1928–1937), the CC Clique employed radio as both a tool of governance to promote political tutelage and a weapon of war to mobilise the nation as broadcast propaganda became a fourth front in modern warfare. The mission of Nationalist Radio was one of nationalisation in all senses of the word, which echoed developments in the global oecumene as countries mobilised on the fourth front. This dissertation looks at how the CC Clique carried out the radio nationalisation of China in three phases between 1928 and 1937. In the first phase, the CC Clique used broadcasting technology to unify the party state. As radio became a mass medium in China, the CC Clique embedded propaganda into entertainment to expand the reach of party-state broadcasting to a general audience from 1933 to 1935. During the third phase in 1936 and 1937 as China prepared for war against Japan, the CC Clique established a party-state broadcasting system and nationalised the industry in the name of radio education. Using primary sources from Mainland China, Taiwan, and abroad, this dissertation investigates the spirit of Nationalist broadcast propaganda to show how the CC Clique used radio broadcasting as a tool of governance and a weapon of war during each phase of radio nationalisation. This dissertation shows that CC Clique officials consolidated effective party-state control over a factious industry that they inherited in 1928 and established a national broadcasting network in 1937. It also shows that the spirit of political tutelage, i.e., broadcast propaganda, changed as the CC Clique focused on the radio nationalisation of the party state, the audience, and the industry., Faculty of Asian and Middle Eastern Studies; Churchill College; Council of the School of Arts and Humanities

BackgroundObligatory exercise has been shown to have negative physical and mental effects on exercisers and is more prevalent among young people. However, there is limited research on obligatory exercise among young men. Social comparison theory offers a novel perspective to explore the relationship between sociocultural factors and obligatory exercise among young men, which offers an opportunity to understand potential factors contributing to obligatory exercise among young men across different cultures.MethodWe recruited a purposive sample of young people aged 18-30 from Poland (n=79) and China (n=194). Participants completed self-report measures including the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire3, Inventory of Physical Activity Objectives, and Obligatory Exercise Questionnaire. In the data analysis stage, we examined the strength of the relationships between the independent variables and the dependent variable through multiple regression analysis, and tested the role of the mediating variables.ResultsThe main analyses revealed that Internalization-Athlete was a common direct predictor of obligatory exercise for both Polish and Chinese young men; that there were direct sociocultural predictors of obligatory exercise that were only used in relation to Polish or Chinese young men; and that social adaptation goals for motivation for physical activity mediated the development of obligatory exercise for Polish and Chinese young men, and that there were cross-cultural differences.ConclusionAttention should be paid to their attitudes towards the idea of a muscular and athletic body and socially adapted physical activity motivations when understanding young men’s obligatory exercise, while also considering cross-cultural differences.

HIV-related stigma is a major barrier to HIV testing and care engagement. Despite efforts to use mass media to address HIV-related stigma, their impact on reducing HIV-related stigma remains unclear. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of peer-reviewed publications quantitatively examining the impact of mass media exposure on HIV-related stigma reduction and published from January 1990 to December 2020. Of 388 articles found in the initial screening from scientific databases, 19 met the inclusion criteria and were included in the systematic review. Sixteen articles reported the quantitative effect of mass media exposure on HIV-related stigma and were included in the meta-analysis. Systematic review results showed considerable heterogeneity in studied populations with a few interventions and longitudinal studies. Results suggested a higher interest in utilizing mass media by health policymakers in developing countries with greater HIV prevalence to reduce HIV-related stigma. Meta-analysis results showed a modest impact of mass media use on HIV-related stigma reduction. Despite heterogeneity in the impact of mass media on HIV-related stigma, Egger's regression test and funnel graph indicated no evidence for publication bias. Results demonstrated an increase in the impact of mass media on reducing HIV-related stigma over time and no correlation between the HIV prevalence in countries and the impact of mass media. In summary, mass media exposure has a modest and context-specific impact on HIV-related stigma reduction. More large-scale mass media interventions and studies addressing the impact of mass media on different forms of stigma are required to inform policies.

This research aimed to gain insights into the reporting of family violence (FV) and to explore any changes in FV reporting associated with a FV primary prevention initiative in Geraldton, Western Australia.An in-depth analysis of articles published by the Geraldton Guardian in 2019 examined the nature of FV reporting. Analysis was based on deductive coding from existing literature and inductive identification of new themes. A comparative analysis examined articles from the Geraldton Guardian and Albany Advertiser over the same three-month period in 2015, 2017 and 2019 to analyse trends in FV reporting.Of 135 articles analysed, there was alignment with five previously reported themes and two new themes were identified: FV as a public health issue; and community responses to reduce FV. Episodic framing was overwhelmingly associated with court reporting. There was more reporting of efforts at primary prevention of FV over time in both newspapers.Local media can contribute to the promotion of community and public health issues related to FV. Efforts are needed to improve court reporting to situate FV in a broader context.Concerted efforts to educate the public and journalists can support FV being recognised as a public health issue.

Misinformation threatens our societies, but little is known about how the production of news by unreliable sources relates to supply and demand dynamics. We exploit the burst of news production triggered by the COVID-19 outbreak through an Italian database partially annotated for questionable sources. We compare news supply with news demand, as captured by Google Trends data. We identify the Granger causal relationships between supply and demand for the most searched keywords, quantifying the inertial behaviour of the news supply. Focusing on COVID-19 news, we find that questionable sources are more sensitive than general news production to people's interests, especially when news supply and demand mismatched. We introduce an index assessing the level of questionable news production solely based on the available volumes of news and searches. We contend that these results can be a powerful asset in informing campaigns against disinformation and providing news outlets and institutions with potentially relevant strategies.

This study highlights how people get important information on COVID-19 according to age groups by employing social network analysis for Twitter. First, people have different key players according to the age groups. For example, while universities and journals play a crucial role in the adults' networks, news media have a significant impact on the elderly's networks. Second, people have different characteristics of social network groups according to age. For example, people belong to small groups, and barely communicate with others across the groups in the teens' networks, whereas people in each group have strong communication networks with other groups in the elderly's networks. Third, this study shows that people utilise different domains to share COVID-19 information according to age. For example, while twitter.com ranks first in the children, teens, and elderly's networks, cnn.com places first in the adults' networks.

Communication infrastructure theory (CIT) suggests that an ethnic enclave's communication infrastructure (CI) shapes the community's unique social processes that give rise to social determinants of health. A well-integrated CI in ethnic enclaves that includes community-based organizations (CBOs), local ethnic media, and resident networks is positively associated with residents' health outcomes. Through storytelling, CBOs and other community actors obtain and disseminate information, develop a sense of belonging to the community, and participate in problem-solving activities, including health-related ones. Local ethnic media can play an important role in building a network of neighborhood storytellers by catalyzing storytelling about local resources and problems. We propose three main categories of "catalyzing storytelling" by local ethnic media: 1) CBO stories, 2) geo-ethnic stories, and 3) presentation of root causes and solutions for community problems. This study examines the content of Boston Chinatown's local ethnic news media outlet

How does the news media respond to health emergencies abroad? Between 2015 and 2018, Zika virus spread rapidly throughout Latin America before arriving in the continental United States. Despite the risks to adults and newborns, it is unclear how media coverage developed and framed the threat for its audience. In this paper, we argue that while the frequency of coverage was responsive to infections, its content failed to promote proactive health behaviour. To assess these claims, we analyse each of 442 articles dealing with Zika virus published by The New York Times from 2015-18. We find that the amount of coverage reflected infections but did not change once the disease emerged in the US. Furthermore, content analysis using Linguistic Inquiry and Word Count software reveals that coverage emphasised differences between communities (those affected and those at home) and that present and past time orientations dominated coverage as opposed to future time orientations.كيف تستجيب وسائل الإعلام لحالات الطوارئ الصحية في الخارج ؟ من عام 2015 إلى عام 2018، انتشر مرض فيروس زيكا بسرعة في جميع أنحاء أمريكا اللاتينية قبل وصوله إلى الولايات المتحدة القارية. على الرغم من المخاطر التي يتعرض لها البالغون والأطفال حديثي الولادة، فمن غير الواضح كيف استجابت التغطية الإعلامية وصورت المخاطر لمتتبعيها. في هذا المقال، نناقش بأنه على الرغم من أن تكرار التغطية كان مستجيباً لانتشار العدوى إلا أن محتواها فشل في تعزيز السلوك الصحي الاستباقي. لتقييم هذه الادعاءات، سنقوم بتحليل كل مقال يتناول فيروس زيكا تم نشره بين 2015-2018 بواسطة صحيفة نيويورك تايمز. نجد أن مقدار التغطية ينعكس على مدى انتشار العدوى لكنها لم تتغير بمجرد وصول الفيروس إلى الولايات المتحدة. علاوة على ذلك، يكشف تحليل المحتوى باستخدام برنامج تحليل النصوص LIWC أن التغطية أكدت الاختلافات بين المجتمعات (المتأثرة وتلك الموجودة في المنزل) وأن التوجهات الزمنية الحالية والماضية سيطرت على التغطية بدلاً من التوجهات الزمنية المستقبلية. الكلمات المفتاحية: الوباء، التأطير، التغطية الإعلامية، الصحة العامة، فيروس زيكا.新闻媒体如何应对国外的卫生突发事件？从2015年到2018年，寨卡病毒疾病在抵达美国大陆之前迅速蔓延整个拉丁美洲。尽管成人和新生儿面临风险，但目前还不清楚媒体报道是如何为其受众回应和定调风险的。在这篇文章中，我们认为，虽然报道的频率对感染有响应，但其内容未能促进主动的健康行为。为了评估这些主张，我们分析了《纽约时报》在2015-2018年间发表的每一篇涉及寨卡病毒的文章（442篇）。我们发现，报道数量反映了感染情况，但在病毒到达美国后，报道数量并没有改变。此外，使用LIWC文本分析程序进行的内容分析显示，报道强调了群体之间的差异（受影响的人和居家的人），而且现在和过去的时间取向在报道中占主导地位，未来的时间取向并没有占主导。 关键词: 流行病，定调，媒体报道，公共卫生，寨卡病毒.

Although most health facilities in urban Nigeria are privately owned, interventions to promote optimal breastfeeding practices in private facilities have not previously been implemented.We tested the impact of a breastfeeding promotion intervention on early initiation of breastfeeding and exclusive breastfeeding among clients of private facilities in Lagos, Nigeria.The intervention included training for health-care providers on the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative and breastfeeding counseling skills, provision of interpersonal communication and support to women at facilities and on WhatsApp, distribution of behavior change communication materials, and mobile phone and mass media messaging. We used logistic regression models adjusted for clustering to measure intervention impact in a cohort of women (n = 1200) at 10 intervention and 10 comparison facilities interviewed during their third trimester and at 6 and 24 weeks postpartum.The intervention significantly increased the percentage of infants who were exclusively breastfed at 6 weeks (83% intervention; 76% comparison; P = 0.02) and 24 weeks (66% intervention; 52% comparison; P 0.001), but had no impact on early initiation of breastfeeding (35% intervention; 33% comparison; P = 0.65). Among infants who were exclusively breastfed at 6 weeks, the odds of continued exclusive breastfeeding at 24 weeks were higher in the intervention arm than in the comparison arm (OR, 1.6; 95% CI: 1.2-2.1). Infants had increased odds of being exclusively breastfed at 6 weeks if their mothers discussed breastfeeding with a private health provider (OR, 2.3; 95% CI: 1.5-3.4), received text or WhatsApp messages about breastfeeding (OR, 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0-2.7), or heard breastfeeding radio spots (OR, 4.2; 95% CI: 1.2-14.7). Infants had increased odds of exclusive breastfeeding at 24 weeks if their mothers participated in a WhatsApp breastfeeding support group (OR, 1.5; 95% CI: 1.0-2.2).A breastfeeding intervention in private health facilities in Lagos increased exclusive breastfeeding. Implementation of breastfeeding interventions in private facilities could extend the reach of breastfeeding promotion programs in urban Nigeria. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04835051.

Comunicación política, institucional y medios de comunicación en tiempo de pandemia. Análisis del diálogo sobre vacunas en cinco países iberoamericanos El actual contexto mediático se caracteriza como un sistema híbrido en el que los viejos y los nuevos actores coexisten y, a la par compiten, por su hegemonía en la esfera mediática. En este contexto, el Covid-19 ha generado una “infodemia” o sobreexposición informativa que ha dificultado el acceso de la ciudadanía a fuentes y orientación fiables. Por ello, el objetivo principal de este artículo es caracterizar a los actores políticos, institucionales y mediáticos que han informado en Twitter sobre las vacunas y los procesos de inmunización durante la pandemia del Covid-19 en cinco países iberoamericanos: Argentina, Brasil, Chile, España y México. Para ello se han analizado un total de 68.822 tuits procedentes de 84 cuentas pertenecientes a los presidentes del país, las cuentas oficiales de los gobiernos, las autoridades sanitarias y sus portavoces, y los principales medios de comunicación. Los resultados indican que la actividad más intensa y el peso informativo lo han llevado las autoridades sanitarias y los medios, aunque las cuentas personales de los portavoces y representantes políticos han logrado un engagement mucho mayor. A pesar de que la interacción de las audiencias ha sido mayoritariamente positiva, los usuarios más activos han cuestionado de forma generalizada los mensajes publicados, en especial los de los representantes políticos. Estos resultados permiten concluir que en el sistema comunicativo híbrido medios y gabinetes institucionales muestran una capacidad similar de difundir mensajes a través de las redes sociales que generan una recepción favorable, aunque en el caso de los representantes públicos el engagement, y también la polarización, son mucho mayores. Political and institutional communication and the media in times of pandemic. Analysis of the dialogue on vaccines in five Ibero-American countries The current media context is characterized as a hybrid system in which old and new actors coexist and, at the same time, compete for their hegemony in the media sphere. In this context, Covid-19 has generated an “infodemic” or information overexposure that has made it difficult for citizens to access reliable sources and guidance. Therefore, the main objective of this article is to characterize the political, institutional and media actors who have reported on Twitter about vaccines and immunization processes during the Covid-19 pandemic in five Ibero-American countries: Argentina, Brazil, Chile,Spain and Mexico. To this end, a total of 68,822 tweets from 84 accounts belonging to the country’s presidents, the official accounts of governments, health authorities and their spokespersons, and the main media have been analyzed. The results indicate that the most intense activity and the informative weight have been carried by the health authorities and the media, although the personal accounts of the spokespersons and political representatives have achieved a much greater engagement. The interaction of the audiences has been mostly positive, although the most active users and with the highest level of participation have made comments for the most part negative. These results allow us to conclude that in the hybrid system, the media and institutional communication cabinets show a similar capacity to disseminate messages through social networks that generate a favorable reception, although in the case of public representatives, engagement, and also the polarization, they are much greater. &nbsp

INTRODUCTION: The UK’s low risk drinking guidelines were revised in 2016. Drinkers were primarily informed about the guidelines via news media, but little is known about this coverage. This study investigated the scale and content of print and online textual news media coverage of drinking guidelines in England from February 2014 to October 2017. METHODS: We searched the Nexis database and two leading broadcasters’ websites (BBC and Sky) for articles mentioning the guidelines. We randomly selected 500 articles to code for reporting date, accuracy, tone, context and purpose of mentioning the guidelines, and among these, thematically analysed 200 randomly selected articles. RESULTS: Articles mentioned the guidelines regularly. Reporting peaked when the guidelines revision was announced (7.4% of articles). The most common type of mention was within health or alcohol-related articles and neutral in tone (70.8%). The second most common was in articles discussing the guidelines’ strengths and weaknesses, which were typically negative (14.8%). Critics discredited the guidelines’ scientific basis by highlighting conflicting evidence and arguing that guideline developers acted politically. They also questioned the ethics of limiting personal autonomy to improve public health. Criticisms were partially facilitated by announcing the guidelines alongside a “no safe level of drinking” message, and wider discourse misrepresenting the guidelines as rules, and highlighting apparent inconsistencies with standalone scientific papers and international guidelines. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS: News media generally covered drinking guidelines in a neutral and accurate manner, but in-depth coverage was often negative and sought to discredit the guidelines using scientific and ethical arguments.

This paper examines the practices, performance, and perceptions of the messaging platform Telegram as an actor in the 2020 Belarus protests, using publicly available data from Telegram's public statements, protest-related Telegram groups, and media coverage. Developing a novel conceptualization of platform actorness, we critically assess Telegram's role in the protests and examine whether Telegram is seen as playing an active role in Belarusian contentious politics. We find that Telegram's performance and practices drive citizens to form affective connections to the platform and to perceive Telegram as an ally in their struggle against repressions and digital censorship. Meanwhile, the Belarusian state uses Telegram's aversion to censorship and content moderation to intervene in contentious politics by co-opting grassroots approaches and mimicking manipulative efforts of other authoritarian regimes. Our conceptual framework is applicable to post-Soviet authoritarian contexts, but can also serve as a useful heuristic for analyzing platform actorness in other regime types.

The COVID-19 Public Education Media Campaign was initiated in July 2020 by the US Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The process by which the Campaign was developed and operated by the HHS Office of the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs (ASPA) was different than for other HHS campaigns. Nine learnings from recent ASPA systems change efforts were employed to guide development and implementation of the Campaign. The learnings, based in communication science as well as experience, have not been applied or have been inconsistently applied in other HHS campaigns. In this case, their application kept the Campaign's work focused on public health needs and not on political diversions. Separable from content and media aspects of the Campaign, the development and operational process guided by the nine learnings resulted in accomplishments such as: (1) advisory input and operation by a team of Federal employees from across the US Government; (2) award of large Federal contracts in a much shorter time than is typical, (3) proactive response to concerns from Congress, largely driven by the news media, (4) ability to make Campaign revisions in the context of the rapidly evolving science about the pandemic, and (5) ability to transcend the unusual political realities of a Presidential election season and the transition of administrations. Ways the nine learnings were applied to the Campaign's creation and operation may provide useful guidance to U.S. Government officials and others planning and conducting similar efforts in politically charged environments.

Abstract. Background: Australia's Mindframe guidelines provide media professionals with advice on ways to safely report on suicide. Aims: We aimed to examine the extent to which Australian newspaper articles on Robin Williams' suicide conformed to the Mindframe recommendations. Method: We searched Factiva for relevant articles appearing in Australian newspapers during the 5 months following Williams' death on August 11, 2014. We retrieved the text of these articles from Factiva and, wherever possible, sourced scanned copies from the National Library of Australia. Trained coders rated the articles for quality, using a 10-item coding framework derived from the Mindframe guidelines. Results: Our search yielded 303 articles. In general, there were high levels of adherence to the Mindframe guidelines, with 67% of articles adhering to at least eight (80%) of the Mindframe guidelines. Limitations: We may have missed some articles and the coders' task involved some subjective judgments. Conclusion: Australian newspaper reporting of Robin Williams' suicide was largely consistent with the Mindframe guidelines. In particular, there was good adherence to recommendations designed to minimize the risk of imitative acts, which is positive. The poorer performance of articles in terms of recommendations to do with public education about suicide may be a missed opportunity.

Utilizing an intersectional framework (Crenshaw, 1989) and socioecological theory (Bronfenbrenner, 1979), we investigated the gendered racialized messages Asian American women receive growing up, otherwise known as gendered racial socialization, from their family, peers, and mass media. Consensual Qualitative Research was used to analyze interview data from 12 second-generation Asian American women. The results demonstrated that (a) family socialization messages included gendered racial discrimination, body image and physical appearance, marital/dating attitudes, role responsibilities and expectations, and academic/work expectations, (b) peer socialization included oppressive messages (e.g., physical objectification, denial of identity, lack of presence) and affirming messages (e.g., positive self-concept messages), and (c) mass media socialization included oppressive messages (e.g., lack of representation, stereotypical depictions), and affirming messages (e.g., messages about empowerment). These messages impacted Asian American women's views on their body image and physical appearance, self-esteem, career/work, mental health, and critical consciousness. Implications and findings of the need to dismantle interlocking oppressive forces are discussed. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Reviews published over the past decade confirm tobacco control campaigns can be effective for influencing adult and youth tobacco use behaviours, with strengthening evidence for high cost-effectiveness. Evidence is also accumulating for positive campaign effects on interpersonal discussions, social norms and policy support that can help motivate and sustain quitting and reduce uptake. Research needs over the next decade centre on the rapidly changing media environment and the equity of campaign effects among high smoking prevalence communities. The field needs specific evidence on: how to measure total campaign reach and frequency across the diverse range of media platforms and channels; the optimum mix of traditional, digital and social media to achieve behaviour change, especially among high smoking prevalence communities; the relative reach and impact of the wide variety of integrated, digital and social media message delivery methods; the relative effectiveness of messages that aim to build capacity to quit and optimum methods for combining motivational and capacity-building messages, especially for high prevalence groups who face additional barriers to staying quit; the ongoing effectiveness of traditional versus new versions of messages highlighting tobacco industry practices; the influence of e-cigarette use on tobacco control campaign effects; and the effectiveness of different types of campaigns aiming to prevent e-cigarette uptake and motivate e-cigarette cessation. Research is also needed to investigate the potential for campaigns to influence the public’s understanding and support for endgame tobacco control policies and for campaign elements that may influence the social and environmental contexts surrounding smokers that support and maintain behaviour change.

This paper reports a review of the empirical research examining the association between mass trauma media contact and depression in children, the factors that may influence the association, and the difficulties encountered in the study of media effects on depression.All of the included studies assessed general population samples. Pre-COVID-19 research focused primarily on television coverage alone or on multiple media forms including television, while COVID-19 media studies examined various media forms including social media. Most studies used cross-sectional design and non-probability sampling. The review revealed inconclusive findings across studies. The study of mass trauma media effects on depression in children is complicated by a number of potential confounding factors and by the relatively high prevalence of depression in the general population. Media contact was a relatively minor consideration among other interests in the extant studies which failed to explore numerous issues that warrant attention in future research.

There is a remarkable gap between scientific experts and the nonscientific public regarding the safety of food imported from nuclear-contaminated areas in Japan. How socio-scientific issues such as post-Fukushima food imports are framed in media discourse may have effects on the way people perceive and reason about potential threats, and, in turn, influence government-initiated policies and regulations. In this study, semantic network analysis is performed to examine the diverse media representations of post-Fukushima food imports across information-seeking sources (mass media and search-based media) and three Chinese societies (Hong Kong, Mainland China, and Taiwan). We found that media representation of the crisis differs across sources and sociopolitical contexts. It is also discussed how these channel-specific and contextual factors may affect public opinion. This knowledge can enhance regulatory authorities’ informed decision-making about food safety issues, guide crisis professionals’ communication efforts, and call for a more context-sensitive approach to public health crisis management.

Handling of COVID 19 Cases in the DKI Jakarta area is quite a concern of the Indonesian public. Jakarta as epicentrum of Indonesia's control is also the Epicentrum of the spread of the COVID-19 virus. So that the information that appears in the mass media is in line with the increasing popularity of Anis Baswedan as Governor of DKI Jakarta. Governor Anies' popularity in the mass media is increasing due to his performance and ability to predict and deal with the COVID-19 outbreak. The goal to be achieved from this study is to find out how the perception of the people of DKI Jakarta about the mass media in reporting strategies for handling the COVID-19 outbreak by the DKI Jakarta Regional Government. 2. To find out how the strategy of handling the COVID-19 outbreak by the DKI Jakarta Regional Government towards the formation of public opinion of DKI Jakarta residents. This research uses a kualiitative approach with perception theory, descriptive qualitative approach with interview methods as an instrument of primary data collection and literature study as secondary material the subject of this study is DKI Jakarta Residents scattered in the regency / city area in DKI Jakarta Province. . The results of this study show that the public tends to follow the mainstream of mass media or can be said to have a high enough confidence in the information disseminated by the mass media about the handling of the COVID-19 pandemic carried out by the Jakarta Provincial Government. Jakarta Provincial Government which is considered good by the mass media. good by the public along with the high intensity of mass media consumption., Penanganan Kasus COVID 19 DI wilayah DKI Jakarta cukup menjadi perhatian public Indonesia. Jakarta sebagai Epicentrum pemertintahan Indonesia juga menjadi Epicentrum penyebaran Virus COVID-19. Sehingga informasi yang muncul di media massa seiring sejalan dengan meningkatnya popularitas Anis Baswedan sebagai Gubernur DKI Jakarta. Popularitas Gubernur Anies di media massa semakin meningkat karena kinerja dan kemampuannya memprediksi dan menangani wabah COVID-19. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana persepsi masyarakat DKI Jakarta tentang media massa dalam memberitakan strategi penanganan wabah COVID-19 oleh Pemerintah Daerah DKI Jakarta. 2. Untuk mengetahui bagaimana strategi penanganan wabah COVID-19 oleh Pemerintah Daerah DKI Jakarta terhadap pembentukan opini publik warga DKI Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualiitatif dengan teori persepsi, pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dengan metode wawancara sebagai instrumen pengumpulan data primer dan studi pustaka sebagai bahan sekunder subjek dari penelitian ini adalah Warga DKI Jakarta yang tersebar di Wilayah Kabupaten/Kota yang ada d Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa masyarakat cenderung mengikuti arus utama media massa atau dapat dikatakan memiliki kepercayaan yang cukup tinggi terhadap informasi yang disebarluaskan media massa tentang penanganan pandemi COVID-19 yang dilakukan oleh Pemerintah Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Pemprov DKI Jakarta yang dinilai baik oleh media massa. baik oleh masyarakat seiring dengan tingginya intensitas konsumsi media massa.

This study experimentally examines the effects of perpetrator sex (male or female), relationship context (heterosexual or homosexual), and the type of media framing (episodic or thematic) on endorsement for public health perspectives about intimate partner violence (IPV) and punishment preferences for IPV perpetrators. Participants ( N = 750) were randomly assigned to a condition, exposed to a composite news story, and then completed a survey. Manipulation check responses demonstrated a pattern suggesting that participants had difficulty attending to details of IPV in stories where the perpetrator was a woman, or where the violence occurred in a homosexual relationship. Results revealed significant interaction effects for the endorsement of public health perspectives and for perpetrator punishment preferences. Results for the endorsement of public health perspectives showed that thematic framing caused stronger support only when the perpetrator was a heterosexual man. Results for perpetrator punishment preferences revealed a pattern where participants preferred stronger punishments for heterosexual male perpetrators over any other group. Participants did not distinguish in their punishment preferences for male or female homosexual perpetrators, but these were still stronger than their punishment preferences for heterosexual female perpetrators. Theoretical implications are presented with attention to extending research about media portrayals of IPV, and discussion is offered concerning practical considerations for public health support services that address IPV.

Purpose Cancer is considered a stigmatized condition in many cultures. One key cultural site that produces illness-related structural stigma is mass media. This study explored the social construction of cancer-related stigma in mass media during the time of COVID-19. Specifically, we compared how cancer-related stigma is constructed in two contexts: American and Israeli mass media. Methods Two samples were drawn: all articles that mentioned cancer and published in a 4-month period in USA Today (N = 117) and Israel Today (N = 108). Inductive Thematic Analysis was used to analyze the articles. Results Three similar themes were identified in the samples: “the trivialization of cancer,” “cancer as metaphor,” and the “the war against cancer.” In both samples, people with cancer were depicted as heroic. Despite the similarities in themes, how each theme was constructed reflected sociocultural differences between the two samples. Conclusions There appear to be presented universal mechanisms of cancer-related stigma in the media, alongside cultural differences in how they are employed and constructed. Implications for Cancer Survivors The results stress the importance of debunking cancer-related stigma in the media and elsewhere. Cancer survivors and their families, reporters, researchers, and other stakeholders in the two studied countries should collaborate to devise culturally informed guidelines for reporting and writing about cancer.

Cases of violence against children in the East Kalimantan region have reached 1,386 complaints since 2019. Through critical discourse, it can be seen how the language of the media conveys information to readers through the emphasis on actors positioned in the text. This qualitative descriptive research emphasizes documentary analysis by reviewing published written sources, namely the news entitled “Kisah Pilu Korban Pemerkosaan Dipaksa Menikah dengan Pelaku”. Based on the discourse strategy used by the author, it can be seen that this “heartbreaking story of a rape victim” becomes the object of the story. It is evidenced by the use of markers such as a child, sexual violence, forced marriage, rape, exacerbating trauma, and the victim getting worse. The news is presented based on events that emerged because of the description of other actors as the storyteller's subject, not based on the victim's information about what he experienced. The news text reveals a picture of the position of the subject and the object of the story so that it can determine the way the text is presented to the reader. The news text contains a gender bias because the incident is not told from the perspective of women as victims.

By applying the cognitive mediation model, this study seeks to investigate factors influencing public knowledge of nuclear energy in Singapore. In addition, this study seeks to extend the cognitive mediation model by explicating the knowledge variable into four facets - general science knowledge, perceived familiarity, content nuclear knowledge and contextual nuclear knowledge. Using data collected from an interviewer-led door-to-door survey with 1000 Singapore citizens and permanent residents (PRs), we found that attention to TV news, website news and social media news stimulated news elaboration and interpersonal discussion. However, attention to print newspaper was neither associated with news elaboration nor interpersonal discussion. We also found that news elaboration could enhance factual knowledge such as general science knowledge, content nuclear knowledge and contextual nuclear knowledge, while interpersonal discussion could enhance perceived familiarity. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed. National Research Foundation (NRF) This work is supported by the Singapore National Research Foundation under the Nuclear Safety Research and Education Programme (NSREP) Award No. NRF2014NPR-NPRP001-004.

A ideia de esfera pública tem sido central, desde há muito tempo, para a discussão da comunicação política. A sua presente condição é o tema deste ensaio. O debate sobre a esfera pública tem sido marcado pelo policiamento de fronteiras de sistemas políticos e ideologias concorrentes. A atual discussão reflete a transição acelerada da era dos mass media para a era do entrincheiramento ramificado da Internet. Tem sido também influenciada pela análise em voga do populismo. A presente fase de transição, cujo resultado permanece indefinido, tem na ideia de uma “pós-esfera pública” instável a sua melhor descrição. Esta instabilidade não é fora de comum, pois, ao longo do tempo, as conceções sobre os fundamentos e o escopo da esfera pública registaram constantes alterações. Lateralmente, as respostas dos Estados ao desenvolvimento da Internet deram origem a uma nova alteração de foco, a “viragem regulatória”. É provável que isto venha a influenciar a forma futura da esfera pública.

Objective To quantify and describe boxing-related deaths in Australia. Design Retrospective analysis of news media reports of all boxing-related fatalities in Australia during 1832 to 2020. Methods Australia and New Zealand Newsstream, Factiva, Informit, Google News, Fairfax Media Archive, and Trove were searched from inception to December 31, 2020. News media articles reporting all-cause boxing-related mortality were included for analysis. Results There were 163 boxing-related fatalities in Australia during 1832 to 2020, including 122 (74.8%) professional and 40 (24.5%) amateur athletes. The most common causes of death were traumatic brain injury (n = 121; 74.2%) and cardiac arrest (n = 11; 6.7%). Boxing-related deaths occurred most frequently during the decades from 1910 to 1930. The fatality rate remained relatively steady from the 1870s through the 1930s, and then declined precipitously until the 1980s. Since legislation to regulate boxing started being introduced in the mid-1970s, there were a total of eleven deaths, of which all but one were caused by traumatic brain injury. Conclusions Participation in boxing is associated with risk of death, in particular death caused by traumatic brain injury. The boxing-related fatality rate declined precipitously prior to government legislation to regulate boxing started being introduced, with no discernible further reduction in fatalities since. Given that a main purpose of government regulation of boxing is to protect the health and safety of athletes, the findings herein suggest that current regulations are either inadequate or not effectively implemented.

Svako novo komunikacijsko sredstvo oblikuje novu komunikacijsku paradigmu zbog čega Katolička Crkva otvoreno, ali s oprezom, prihvaća svako "čudesno iznašašće tehnike" i iskorištava njegovu snagu i potencijale kako bi vršila, jačala i unaprjeđivala svoje apostolsko djelovanje. Ovaj rad donosi rezultate istraživanja i odgovor na pitanje kako su reagirale pojedine župe u Splitsko-makarskoj nadbiskupiji u vrijeme mjere lockdowna, odnosno jesu li župnici otvorili crkvu u virtualnom prostoru., A new means of communication shapes a new communication paradigm, which is why the Catholic Church openly, but with caution, accepts every “miraculous invention of technology” and uses its strength and potential to carry out, build up and improve its apostolic work. Today, at the time of the coronavirus epidemic, many media have been turned into “modern pulpits.” This paper presents the results of the research and the answer to the question of how some parishes in the Split-Makarska Archdiocese reacted during the lockdown, i.e. whether the parish priests opened the church in a virtual space. Furthermore, an overview of selected historical documents and a brief analysis tries to show that they certainly had a good foothold and a reason to open up to new communication technologies at the time of the epidemic. Namely, numerous church documents, those dating from the Second Vatican Council until the latest message of Pope Francis on the occasion of the World Day of Social Communications, have continuously encouraged the ordained persons and lay faithful to become literate in the media and to use this “wonderful tool” for a new experience of communion, sharing, celebration and vangelization. Content analysis and methods of comparison were used for this research. The data were taken from the Press Office of the Split-Makarska Archdiocese and from the websites and social networks of each of the parishes of the Archdiocese. These data were then summarized and analysed, and the required results were obtained by the method of comparison.

The article is devoted to the analysis of practices of informing the population of the region about the work of municipal organizations providing public services. On the basis of quite extensive theoretical material and materials published in the media, the main areas of information, issues of interaction between the media and press structures were identified and analyzed. Among these areas are budgeting issues, the work of offices and branches of municipal organizations, new opportunities that municipal organizations have to serve the population. A feature of the analysis of practices is the appeal to the media of various typologies — the state newspaper, an independent online publication of regional significance and the city online publication. The comparison of approaches to the studied issue of media of different forms of ownership and implementing different media strategies makes the results of the presented analysis more indicative, and the conclusions given at the end of the article sound more convincing., Статья посвящена анализу практик информирования населения региона о работе муниципальных организаций, предоставляющих государственные услуги. На основе достаточно обширного теоретического материала и материалов, опубликованных в средствах массовой информации, выделены и проанализированы основные направления информирования, вопросы взаимодействия СМИ и пресс-структур. Среди этих направлений — вопросы бюджетирования, работа офисов и отделений муниципальных организаций, новые возможности, которые появляются у муниципальных организаций для обслуживания населения. Особенностью анализа практик является обращение к СМИ различной типологии — государственной газете, независимому сетевому изданию регионального значения и городскому сетевому изданию. Сравнение подходов к изучаемому вопросу СМИ разных форм собственности и реализующих различные медиастратегии делает результаты представленного анализа более показательными, а выводы, приведенные в конце статьи, — более убедительными.

Both tech companies and AI algorithms exercise immense power in today's globally interconnected world, which is based on big data and digital footprints of online users. This paper analyses the transfer of power from societies to tech companies and algorithms with the aim of examining whether recommender algorithms can be considered a public good. Deployed methods include content analysis and literature reviews. The study has found that control exercised over public opinion, decisions and moods of online users is unprecedented to such a high degree in human history. The above-mentioned control is based on the impact of both tech companies and algorithms. The limitation of this research is the lack of quantitative analysis. Future research should concentrate on defining recommender algorithms as a public good and analyzing how different media content, including virtual reality, affects citizens' psychology.

Despite the rich literature about VM in construction, questions about how practitioners decide to adopt VM and what motivates adoption remain unanswered. The paper presents an Agent-Based Model as a microsimulation tool, where contractors and policy makers interact in a shared environment, to help understand the adoption of value management (VM) based on a bottom-up approach, considering contractors’ heterogeneity in terms of the perceived benefits of VM, social influence, and innovativeness. By allowing for various diffusion curves to be evaluated, our study conclude that mass media, and incentives will increase the uptake of VM.