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International students constitute a large proportion of Australia’s university student population and are an important source of revenue and skilled migration. International students’ welfare has recently received increasing attention as evidence has emerged that many international students face significant challenges beyond the classroom that threaten their wellbeing. Housing is one area of concern, with problems such as crowding, unaffordability and exploitation reported across Australia. However, to date there has been little evidence about these problematic housing outcomes and why international students experience them. This thesis begins to fill these gaps through an original conceptual framework analysing international students’ housing trajectories and their influence on housing outcomes and wellbeing. It focuses on Australia’s largest city, Sydney, and on Chinese international students at the University of New South Wales (UNSW) as a case study group. Primary data was obtained from eleven interviews with a range of stakeholders working with international students across Sydney, an online survey of 393 Chinese students at UNSW, and two focus groups comprising a total of nineteen Chinese students. The research found that a number of problematic housing outcomes were common and could adversely affect international students’ wellbeing. Analysis using the housing trajectories framework developed for this thesis demonstrated that a number of structural factors, resources and constraints influenced students’ housing context and housing options, and students were found to actively make strategies to negotiate these circumstances. Together, structural factors, resources, constraints and strategies were shown to influence international students’ housing outcomes and wellbeing. The findings presented in this thesis provide evidence of the nature, extent and implications of problematic housing outcomes among Chinese international students at UNSW and original insights into the circumstances influencing such outcomes. They demonstrate that problematic housing outcomes do not occur in a vacuum, but are influenced by prior circumstances in the housing trajectory. At the same time, the research shows that students are not passive victims of their circumstances, but rather active agents who engage with challenges in their housing context to meet their needs and preferences. These findings will assist with the prevention of problematic housing outcomes locally, nationally and internationally.

Since the fiscal burden of the citizens in the Republic of Croatia has reached its maximum, it is necessary to pay much more attention to non-fiscal financing of public requirements on the state level, as well as on the level of the units of local self-government. Significant non-fiscal income could be realized in the structure of the state budget and of the budgets of the units of local self-government, if the housing fund that used to be in public ownership and that is now the property of the Republic of Croatia were allowed for purchase. In addition to financial effects, this would also have legal effects, which are even more important, because these apartments and houses could now be bought even by those categories of citizens that were not in the position to that before. By continuing the process of privatization of the housing fund, the Republic of Croatia would prove to its citizens that it is a democratic and social state in which the power derives from the people and belongs to the people as the community of free and equal citizens. In this paper, the following methods were applied: analysis and synthesis, classification, comparative method, dialectical method, empirical method, and the case study method.