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Social-emotional capacity is considered a fundamental capacity for personal development of each person and each age group. For students of early childhood education, social - emotional capacity not only helps students have many advantages in learning but also creates good conditions to develop their careers in the future. The article presents the current state of social-emotional capacity of 448 first - year students majoring in Preschool education in the provinces of Lang Son, Nghe An, Hue, and Da Nang. The study used the social - emotional capacity questionnaire developed by Zhou and Ee (2012). The results show that the social - emotional capacity of first-year students of early childhood education is quite low and uneven among the components of this capacity. At the same time, the current study proposes three solutions to improve students' social - emotional capacity.

Seasonal changes in freshwater phytoplankton assemblages at Tuyen Lam Reservoir in the Central Highlands of Vietnam were classified into 23 functional groups based on physiological, morphological, and ecological characteristics. A total of 168 species were recorded during 10 surveys from 2015 to 2019 at 7 sampling sites, with Chlorophyta dominating in number of species. Phytoplankton abundance varied from 0.18×105 to 21.2×105 cells/L during the study period, mainly due to cyanobacteria. Seven of the 23 functional groups were considered to be dominant (relative density > 5%). The dominant functional groups were groups M and G in the dry season and groups M, G, P, and E in the rainy season. Group M (Microcystis aeruginosa) was the most common in both seasons, while group P (Closterium, Staurastrum, Aulacoseira), group E (Dinobryon, Synura), and group G (Sphaerocystis, Eudorina) were more common in the rainy season. The Shannon diversity index (H¢) showed that phytoplankton communities were relatively diverse and that most of the study sites were lightly polluted. However, the ecological status has deteriorated at some locations due to the overgrowth of group M, leading to eutrophication in this reservoir. This study highlights the usefulness of functional groups in the study of seasonal changes in phytoplankton dynamics. Functional groups are applied for the first time at Tuyen Lam Reservoir and can be used to predict early-stage cyanobacterial blooms in future studies.