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In October, 2004, the University of California Libraries entered into a two-year contract with JSTOR (Journal Storage) to establish from its journal runs across all UC campuses a paper repository of approximately fourteen million pages (350+ titles). This "dim archive"- accessible to only UC and JSTOR-would benefit JSTOR by making available a reliable and complete print back file, and UC through cost and space savings from no longer having to maintain several copies of low-use volumes. Since January, 2005, the task of establishing system wide support and collaboration, planning and realizing the actual operation itself, and developing strict but realistic guidelines for finding the best UC copy and then validating it (page by page) has been enormous. This article traces the progress of the project thus far, now approximately three-quarters complete, from the original motivations of UCL (University of California Libraries) and JSTOR, to the preparations by the facility housing the repository (the Southern Regional Library Facility), to the planning and re-planning of the project designer/manager. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restoration ecology is a deepening and diversifying field with current research incorporating multiple disciplines and infusing long-standing ideas with fresh perspectives. We present a list of 10 recent pivotal papers exemplifying new directions in ecological restoration that were selected by students in a cross-disciplinary graduate seminar at the University of California, Berkeley. We highlight research that applies ecological theory to improve restoration practice in the context of global change (e.g. climate modeling, evaluation of novel ecosystems) and discuss remaining knowledge gaps. We also discuss papers that recognize the social context of restoration and the coupled nature of social and ecological systems, ranging from the incorporation of cultural values and Traditional Ecological Knowledge into restoration, to the consideration of the broader impacts of markets on restoration practices. In addition, we include perspectives that focus on improving communication between social and natural scientists as well as between scientists and practitioners, developing effective ecological monitoring, and applying more integrated, whole-landscape approaches to restoration. We conclude with insights on recurrent themes in the papers regarding planning restoration in human-modified landscapes, application of ecological theory, improvements to restoration practice, and the social contexts of restoration. We share lessons from our cross-disciplinary endeavor, and invite further discussion on the future directions of restoration ecology through contributions to our seminar blog site . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on the move of geologist Taylor Perron and his colleagues Jim Kirchner and Bill Dietrich at University of California, Berkeley, to examine how erosional processes create uniform patterns of landscapes. They compare a computational model with precise measurements of various landscapes. Moreover, it reveals that having developed a computational model that accurately predicts the natural patterns in landscapes, geologists can learn how factors have shaped Earth's topography.

The article describes how Jay Keasling, a synthetic chemist at the University of California, Berkeley, and his team have engineered yeast cells to produce an important precursor for a drug to treat malaria. Keasling collaborated with Amyris Biotechnologies and non-profit drug company Institute for OneWorld Health to try to complete the synthesis of artemisinin. The research was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.

Predictive control has gained increasing attention for its ability to reduce energy consumption and improve occupant comfort in buildings. The plug loads prediction is a key component for the predictive building controls, as plug loads is a major source of internal heat gains in buildings. This study proposed a novel method to apply the Long-Short-Term-Memory (LSTM) Network, a special form of Recurrent Neural Network, to predict plug loads. The occupant count and the time have been confirmed to drive the plug load profile and thus selected as the features for the plug load prediction. The LSTM network was trained and tested with ground truth occupant count data collected from a real office building in Berkeley, California. Results from the LSTM network markedly improve the prediction accuracy compared with traditional linear regression methods and the classical Artificial Neural Network. 95% of 1-h predictions from LSTM network are within ±1 kW of the actual plug loads, given the average plug loads during the office hour is 8.6 kW. The CV(RMSE) of the predicted plug load is 11% for the next hour, and 20% for the next 8 h. Lastly, we compared four prediction approaches with the office building we monitored: LSTM vs. ARIMA, with occupant counts vs. without occupant counts. It was found, the prediction error of the LSTM approach is around 4% less than the ARIMA approach. Using occupant counts as an exogenous input could further reduce the prediction error by 5%–6%. The findings of this paper could shed light on the plug load prediction for building control optimizations such as model-predictive control. • Accurate plug loads prediction is key to Model Predictive Control in buildings. • LSTM (Long Short Tem Memory) network is used to predict plug loads using occupant count data. • The prediction accuracy is 89% for the next hour, and 80% for the next 8 h. • LSTM is computational demanding but 4% more accurate than ARIMA. • Using occupant counts could reduce plug load prediction error by 5%–6%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel c-Si based semi-transparent BIPV laminate was introduced. • Energy performance of the BIPV insulated glass unit (IGU) was investigated. • The BIPV laminate has high energy conversion efficiency and visible transmittance. • The BIPV laminate could reduce discomfort glare compared to clear glass windows. • The shade effect was influenced by the solar cell configurations and shading patterns. This paper introduces a novel c-Si based building integrated photovoltaic (BIPV) laminate. It was produced by cutting standard crystalline silicon solar cells into narrow strips and then automatically welding and connecting the strips into continuous strings for laminating between two layers of glass. The overall energy performance of the BIPV insulated glass unit (IGU) including power, thermal and daylighting performance was investigated experimentally. The daily energy conversion efficiency of the active solar cell area was about 15% on sunny days, but it was less than 12% on cloudy days and overcast days. Due to the combined effect of both the semi-transparent PV laminate and the insulated glass unit, the solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC) of the BIPV IGU was as low as 0.25, which was much lower than commonly used glazing windows. Daylight analysis by means of high dynamic range (HDR) cameras and daylight glare probability (DGP) indicated that the BIPV IGU could reduce discomfort glare to some extent compared to clear glass windows. The net energy production of the BIPV IGU was estimated without considering the differences in HVAC energy use in this study. The artificial lighting energy consumption was about 431 W h/day while the average BIPV electricity production for the same period was 1940 W h/day. The net power generation was therefore 1509 W h/day for this BIPV IGU in Berkeley, California. Shading tests for the BIPV IGU were also conducted and the results revealed that the vertical configuration of solar cell wiring in the BIPV laminates was much more sensitive to horizontal shading patterns than vertical shading models. Thus, if shading was unavoidable in some cases, a reasonable arrangement of PV strings should be considered to bring down the energy loss as much as possible. Also, the impacts of environmental factors on the energy conversion efficiency of BIPV IGU were analyzed. Specifically, the power output declined by 0.42% of the peak power for each Celsius degree temperature rise. Thus, if more attention was paid to the heat dissipation issue of BIPV IGU, the overall energy conversion efficiency would be improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper asks what a “cultural turn” in transportation geography might look like. In taking seriously Susan Hanson's claim that transportation geography has become a “moribund corner” of the discipline, this paper suggests a set of new avenues for inquiry. To do so, the paper draws on fieldwork I conducted in California's East Bay, as well as the story a fictitious transit system called the “B-Line.” Despite being a fiction, I argue that the B-Line offers an excellent entry point into mapping what a “cultural turn” in transportation geography might entail. Speaking to the larger theme of “doing cultural geography,” this essay argues that doing cultural geography not only means continuing to explore questions of representation, ideology, and cultural meaning, but it also means applying those questions to areas of study like transportation geography—areas where such questions remain largely unexplored. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Purpose - This paper seeks to feature an interview with Brad Eden, Associate University Librarian for Technical Services and Scholarly Communication at the University of California, Santa Barbara. Eden discusses the University of California Libraries' Next Generation Technical Services initiative. Design/methodology/approach - The paper notes changes necessary to transform technical services for the new digital realm. Findings - The task force chaired by Eden recommends several changes to traditional processes, three of which are central to achieving transformative change. Originality/value - The paper offers readers insights into the means by which a large consortium under severe financial constraints is attempting to achieve cost-savings and value-added services through system-wised collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In order to process continuous queries over Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), sensors are typically organized in a Query Routing Tree (denoted as T) that provides each sensor with a path over which query results can be transmitted to the querying node. We found that current methods deployed in predominant data acquisition systems construct T in a sub-optimal manner which leads to significant waste of energy. In particular, since T is constructed in an ad hoc manner there is no guarantee that a given query workload will be distributed equally among all sensors. That leads to data collisions which represent a major source of energy waste. Additionally, current methods only provide a topological-based method, rather than a query-based method, to define the interval during which a sensing device should enable its transceiver in order to collect the query results from its children. We found that this imposes an order of magnitude increase in energy consumption. In this paper we present MicroPulse +, a novel framework for minimizing the consumption of energy during data acquisition in WSNs. MicroPulse + continuously optimizes the operation of T by eliminating data transmission and data reception inefficiencies using a collection of in-network algorithms. In particular, MicroPulse+ introduces: (i) the Workload-Aware Routing Tree (WART) algorithm, which is established on profiling recent data acquisition activity and on identifying the bottlenecks using an in-network execution of the critical path method; and (ii) the Energy-driven Tree Construction (ETC) algorithm, which balances the workload among nodes and minimizes data collisions. We show through micro-benchmarks on the CC2420 radio chip and trace-driven experimentation with real datasets from Intel Research and UC-Berkeley that MicroPulse + provides significant energy reductions under a variety of conditions thus prolonging the longevity of a wireless sensor network. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper proposes a multiclassification algorithm using multilayer perceptron neural network models. It tries to boost two conflicting main objectives of multiclassifiers: a high correct classification rate level and a high classification rate for each class. This last objective is not usually optimized in classification, but is considered here given the need to obtain high precision in each class in real problems. To solve this machine learning problem, we use a Pareto-based multiobjective optimization methodology based on a memetic evolutionary algorithm. We consider a memetic Pareto evolutionary approach based on the NSGA2 evolutionary algorithm (MPENSGA2). Once the Pareto front is built, two strategies or automatic individual selection are used: the best model in accuracy and the best model in sensitivity (extremes in the Pareto front). These methodologies are applied to solve 17 classification benchmark problems obtained from the University of California at Irvine (UCI) repository and one complex real classification problem. The models obtained show high accuracy and a high classification rate for each class. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Discrete-choice-models have come a long way since the field erupted in the seventies with the seminal work of McFadden and colleagues at Berkeley. For more than 25years the multinomial logit (MNL) model and its close relative, the hierarchical or nested logit (NL) model (a generalization that allowed treating correlated alternatives grouped in nests, the simultaneous brain child of , and ) reigned supreme, using mainly revealed preference data. At the end of the 90s the modeller’s tool kit expanded considerably with the installation of both stated preference data, as a strong ally to help treating the problems posed by new alternatives and latent or secondary variables, and the most flexible member of the family, the mixed logit (ML) model, that allows considering two remaining deficiencies of the old guard, heteroskedasticity and taste variations. This paper provides a glimpse of the field and speculates on the potential use of these methods to complement sensory work in the effort to better understand customer preferences. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

In a recent experiment at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (Geddes et al 2008 Phys. Rev. Lett. 100 215004), electron bunches with about 1MeV mean energy and small absolute energy spread (about 0.3 MeV) were produced by plasma wave breaking on a downward density ramp. It was then speculated that such a bunch might be accelerated further in a plasma of low constant density, while mostly preserving its small absolute energy spread. This would then lead to a bunch with a high mean energy and very low relative energy spread. In this paper, trapping of a low-energy, low-spread electron bunch on a downward density ramp, followed by acceleration in a constant-density plasma, has been explored through particle-in-cell simulations. It has been found that the scheme works best when it is used as a separate injection stage for a laser-wakefield accelerator, where the injection and acceleration stages are separated by a vacuum gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Microfield exposure tools continue to play a dominant role in the development of extreme ultraviolet (EUV) resists. Here we present an update on the SEMATECH Berkeley 0.3-NA microfield exposure tool and summarize the latest test results from high-resolution line-space printing. Printing down to 20-nm is presented with large process latitude at 22-nm half-pitch lines. Also presented are line-edge roughness results along with a discussion of the importance of mask contributors to line-edge roughness measured in resist. Finally we briefly describe an upgrade to the tool that will enable EUV resist development at the 16-nm half-pitch node and beyond. (This paper was presented in MNE 2008 conference, , ). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Information about several papers discussed at the "Law and the Emotions: New Directions in Scholarship" conference in Berkeley, California on February 8-9, 2007 is presented. The event was attended by several countries including U.S., Canada, Switzerland, Japan and Australia, and was organized by Kathryn Abrams, Susan Bandes and Hila Keren. During the event, presenters spoke directly about witnesses and gender and to identity and testimony.

This paper summarizes the recent progress in the design and characterization of CMOS pixel sensors at LBNL. Results of lab tests, beam tests and radiation hardness tests carried out at LBNL on a test structure with pixels of various sizes are reported. The first results of the characterization of back-thinned CMOS pixel sensors are also reported, and future plans and activities are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to shed new light on the much-discussed survey work of American photographic pioneer Timothy H. O'Sullivan through a close analysis of a hitherto unnoticed collection of King Survey photographs at the University of California's Bancroft Library. Among the notable features of this collection is the appearance, in seven rare views of Eastern California, of a ‘T.H.O'S.’ monogram, as well as the existence of a double set of captions, the one more serious or official, the other more informal and sometimes quite humorous. These features, along with the eastward orientation of the collection and the particular selections of images inserted in the collection's opening and closing sequences, suggest a narrational reading of the set that tends to displace, or at least to redefine, traditional arguments about O'Sullivan's oeuvre in relation to the institutional demands of his employers. The double hypothesis of a humorous and narrational reading embodied in the collection in turn suggests new ways of interpreting the many narrative or reflexive bits contained in O'Sullivan's Western photographs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Heavy Ion Fusion (HIF) program is progressing through a series of physics and technology demonstrations leading to an inertial fusion power plant. The High Current Experiment (HCX) at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory is exploring the physics of intense beams with high line-charge density. Superconducting focusing quadrupoles were developed for magnetic transport studies at the HCX. A baseline design was selected following several pre-series models. Optimization of the baseline design led to the development of a first prototype that achieved a conductor-limited gradient of 132 T/m in a 70 mm bore, without training, with measured field errors at the 0.1% level. Based on these results, the magnet geometry and fabrication procedures were adjusted to improve the field quality. These modifications were implemented in a second prototype. In this paper, the optimized design is presented and comparisons between the design harmonics and magnetic measurements performed on the new prototype are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This case study of an inter-university controversy over the publication of research from an interdisciplinary social science project on the forced migration and long- term internment of West Coast Japanese-Americans during World War II shows some of the difficulties of maintaining ownership of research materials. In this particular instance the junior employee was able to override his seniors' demand for control of the dissemination of research results by playing on the concerns about even appearing to suppress work for political reasons. The paper discusses conflicting norms of science and rhetorics of justification ranging from proprietary self-interest through "good science" to "the national interest" and onto "the needs of a free society." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduces research papers presented in the inaugural conference of the University of California Council of Women's Programs and published in the 1989 issue of the 'Women's Studies' journal. Relationship between the study of women and social movements; Zavella's discussion on the effect of the problematic relationship between feminism and the Chicano movement on Chicana studies; Roberta Fernandez's analysis of Helena Maria Viramontes' story, 'The Cariboo Caf,'.

Nevitt Sanford reminisces about his development as a social scientist, civil libertarian, and humanist through interview and personal papers.
The use of developmental terms and concepts has become so commonplace among student services professionals that it may be difficult for many people to either recall or imagine a time when "student development" was not a predominant theme. Nonetheless, only 25 years ago, the prevailing wisdom among student services professionals was that college probably does not change students in any significant way. Jacob (1957) had conducted an exhaustive review of the research literature and concluded that little in or out of the classroom seemed to alter students as persons--some academic or career skills might be acquired, but personality change could not be demonstrated.
The title of this article refers to Nevitt Sanford as a "gentle prophet" and "Jeffersonian rebel." At one level, the nouns and their modifiers may seem mildly contradictory. Prophets are rarely gentle and rebels infrequently reflect the patrician breadth and depth of a Jefferson; however, Nevitt Sanford seems to be all of the above. He is gentle in his dealings with people and generous in acknowledging their worth as individuals. His gentleness makes him no less prophetic in his insistence on the freedom to inquire and to utter the outrageous truth, even when that utterance or inquiry leads to the loss of a livelihood, as it did for him during the Loyalty Oath controversies at Berkeley in the 1940s. Similarly, Sanford has listened to his own drummer, marching to a mode of research, that is out of step with the more conventional standards of psychological research respectability, while calling into play a civility and degree of certitude that few resources other than a rootedness in family and his Virginia culture might provide. As can be seen in the interview to follow, those apparent contradictions have been placed in the service of the profession. The... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents information on the contents of various monographic series related to anthropology. The 1989 volume of the monographic series "Antropologia Portuguesa" consists of the proceedings of the Second Colloquium on Anthropological Research and Teaching held in Portugal. The activities of the Frankfurt-based Johann Wolfgang von Goethe University Institute for Cultural Anthropology and European Ethnology will be reported by the monographic series "Notizen." Nine research papers by current students and recent graduates of the Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, California, are published in a special issue of the Kroeber Anthropological Society Papers.

The author recounts her experience of working in the Emma Goldman Papers Project, an archive about topics related to the women anarchist, at the University of California in Berkeley. She cites the reasons for contemporary archive panic, including the vast expansion of archiving and archivable materials through electronic technologies. Definitions of an archive is also provided. She expresses her desire to investigate the political conditions that confine archival materials and work for their liberation.

Abstract: When the ECCO project was proposed by A. Westphal, Space Science Laboratory, University of California at Berkeley, our Japanese group decided to collaborate with the project and contribute to the precise analysis of massive nuclear track data. In the ECCO experiment, the exposed area of the track detectors was extremely large . Accordingly, we needed to scan all etched tracks in the large exposed area. To achieve such a scanning capability in a short span of time, we have developed an automatic system for precisely analyzing massive data in nuclear track detectors such as CR-39 and BP-1, as well as measurements of their mass-identification powers, for four years since 2001. In this paper, the present status of the developed techniques and their future prospect will be presented. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This article profiles Nick Cozzarelli, who served the U.S. National Academies for more than a decade as editor in chief of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. During that time he turned the journal around and it was not an easy task. When Nick came aboard in 1995, members of the Academy were fond of their ability to sponsor papers for colleagues or to get their own published and some objected to the institution of more formal and rigorous peer review. Nick came to his editorial job during a distinguished scientific career in the Department of Molecular and Cell Biology at the University of California, Berkeley, California. He managed to combine those commitments in a way that was continuously productive on both fronts, a source of admiration for those who try these things only one at a time.

The article focuses on techniques that help microbial remediation. Understanding how microbes clean up contaminants is difficult without a direct way to observe what the bugs are actually doing. Researchers at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory and the University of California, Berkeley, demonstrate how two complementary geophysical techniques can monitor microbes that remediate metals in contaminated aquifers--without putting equipment below the ground. Historically, miners used the same techniques--complex resistivity and acoustic waves--to search for buried oil and mineral sources as deep as 10,000 meter in the past 20 years, environmental scientists have used these methods at the surface to locate underground pollutant plumes or characterize source points, explains Kenneth Hurst Williams, lead author on the research paper. This is the first effort to actively use the techniques to monitor changes brought about by microbial processes. Specifically, the researchers examine how the geophysical signatures change as sulfate-reducing microbes process metals and form mineral precipitates. These techniques can be run at the surface, cover areas similar to any football field, and have beer modified for a high degree of resolution in field tests to a depth of 10 meter, he adds.

Presents various web sites. The Table of Isotopes, a home page maintained at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Teachers on Ice which is one way to describe the National Science Foundation's Teachers Experiencing Antarctica (TEA); Aero Space Jobs which is a Web-based service for employment in aviation and aeronautics and the space industry; Fermilab's library catalog which is another source of papers on-line.