62 results
Search Results
2. Trends in Post-Secondary Student Stress: A Pan-Canadian Study.
- Author
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Linden, Brooke, Stuart, Heather, and Ecclestone, Amy
- Subjects
MENTAL health of students ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,SCHOOL year - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Perspectives of School Leaders on Supporting Learners With Special Education Needs During the COVID-19 Pandemic: An Ethic of Care Analysis.
- Author
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FitzGerald, Carolyn, MacCormack, Jeffrey, and Sider, Steve
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COVID-19 pandemic ,SCHOOL administrators ,SPECIAL education ,PREPAREDNESS ,CANADIAN provinces ,INCLUSIVE education - Abstract
The ethic of care is a moral philosophy that has been used to describe and guide the work of educators, especially those working with students with special education needs (SEN). In this study, 36 principals and vice principals from four provinces in Canada were interviewed about their work with students with SEN during the pandemic. Responses were analyzed using the ethic of care framework. Accordingly, responses indicated that principals were particularly aware of, and responsive towards, the wide range of need experienced by students, their families, and school staff. Principals appeared especially concerned about the social needs of their students with SEN, the emotional support needs of the students' families, and the teachers' distress at not being able to meet all the educational needs of their students. Although most principals described the emotional toll of their work during the pandemic, none identified efforts directed towards self-care. This paper considers these findings in regard to motivational displacement as it relates to an ethic of care and calls for a broader consideration of need within education, such that support is extended to students, school staff and school leaders as the most effective means to foster healthy, future-ready schools. Key words: pandemic, principal, inclusive education, ethic of care, mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Elements of Care--Indirect Services in Psychiatry.
- Author
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Gaind, Karandeep Sonu, Aydin, Cristina, Gonzalez-Pino, Fernando, Hoyt, Linda, Jay, Rob, Khullar, Atul, Kronfli, Risk N., Natarajan, Dhanapal, and Wiseman, Stephen R.
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CARE of people ,PEOPLE with mental illness ,MENTAL health ,MEDICAL care research ,CAREGIVERS ,MENTAL illness treatment ,PSYCHIATRY ,TERMS & phrases ,MENTAL health services administration - Abstract
The article presents a paper, a part of a planned series of Elements of Care papers, focusing on identifying common elements which are important for providing appropriate psychiatric care in different models of care in Canada. It focuses on direct patient care or service for payment in traditional care model and also discusses indirect services involved in such models, like diagnostic assessment or patient management. It also focuses on involvement of family or caregivers in indirect services.
- Published
- 2015
5. "If You Can Just Break the Stigma Around It": LGBTQI+ Migrants' Experiences of Stigma and Mental Health.
- Author
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Haghiri-Vijeh, Roya and Clark, Nancy
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SAFETY ,CULTURE ,IMMIGRANTS ,HEALTH services accessibility ,PSYCHOLOGY of LGBTQ+ people ,RESEARCH methodology ,DISCRIMINATION (Sociology) ,MENTAL health ,SOCIAL stigma ,INTERVIEWING ,FEAR ,QUALITATIVE research ,MENTAL illness - Abstract
Migrants, that is people who experience forced displacement or move based on being lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, two-spirit, queer, and intersex (LGBTQI+), experience increased trauma and stigma when compared to heterosexual and cisgender people. The aim of this paper is to highlight LGBTQI+ migrants' experiences of health and social care encounters in Canada. Gadamerian hermeneutics and an intersectionality lens was used to understand LGBTQI+ migrants' experiences. A total of 16 semi-structured individual interviews were conducted with LGBTQI+ migrants. Themes of stigma and discrimination were identified as (1) "I never went back": Stigma as an exclusionary experience, (2) "Is [your country of birth] really that bad": Fear, safety, and cultural stigma, and (3) "The circle ... is not going to fix my life": LGBTQI+ migrants' call for affirming care. Results suggest that health and social care practices are stigmatizing and discriminatory which negatively impacts LGBTQI+ migrant mental health. Salient practices for promoting mental health included affirming LGBTQI+ identities and orientations through health and social care practices that are culturally safe as well as trauma and violence informed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Rating Health and Rating Change: How Canadians Rate Their Health and Its Changes.
- Author
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Lazarevič, Patrick and Quesnel-Vallée, Amélie
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PAIN ,SELF-evaluation ,CROSS-sectional method ,AGE distribution ,FUNCTIONAL status ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,CHANGE ,HEALTH status indicators ,CANADIANS ,MENTAL health ,BEHAVIOR ,SEX distribution ,SURVEYS ,ATTITUDES toward illness ,RESEARCH funding ,HEALTH attitudes ,LONGITUDINAL method ,PUBLIC opinion - Abstract
Objectives: We investigated the contribution of five health domains to self-rated health (SRH) cross-sectionally and longitudinally and whether these contributions differ by gender or age. Methods: Employing dominance analyses, we quantified the contributions of functioning, diseases, pain, mental health, and behavior to both SRH at a point in time and for changes in SRH using data from the Canadian National Population Health Survey (NPHS, 1994–2011). Results: Cross-sectionally and longitudinally, functioning was the most important health domain, followed by diseases and pain. There were no meaningful differences in the ranking by gender while functioning, diseases, and pain were more relevant in older cohorts. Discussion: Functioning, diseases, and pain systematically were the most important health domains in both cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. While these results held for women and men, they were more salient for older adults. This points to a gender-invariant but age-graded process, confirming previous research with European data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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7. Early Adolescent Substance Use and Mental Health Problems and Service Utilisation in a School-based Sample: L'utilisation de substances précoce chez les adolescents et les problèmes de santé mentale et l'utilisation des services dans un échantillon scolaire
- Author
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Brownlie, Elizabeth, Beitchman, Joseph H., Chaim, Gloria, Wolfe, David A., Rush, Brian, and Henderson, Joanna
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SCHOOL psychologists ,CRISIS intervention (Mental health services) ,MENTAL health services use - Abstract
Objective: This paper reports on substance use, mental health problems, and mental health service utilisation in an early adolescent school-based sample.Method: Participants were 1,360 grade 7 and 8 students from 4 regions of Ontario, Canada. Students completed an in-class survey on mental health and substance use. The sampling strategy and survey items on demographics, substance use, service utilisation, and distress were adapted from the Ontario Student Drug Use and Health Survey. Internalising and externalising mental health problems were assessed using the Global Assessment of Individual Needs - Short Screener. Distress was defined as fair or poor self-rated mental health.Results: Rates of internalising and/or externalising problems above the threshold exceeded 30%; yet, fewer than half had received mental health services in the past 12 mo. Substance use was associated with increased odds of internalising and externalising problems above the threshold and distress. Youth using cannabis had 10-times the odds of exceeding the threshold for internalising or externalising problems. The use of substances other than alcohol or cannabis was associated with increased odds of fair or poor self-rated mental health among grade 8 students. Of the youth who confirmed at least a substance use problem, most also reported mental health problems; this association was stronger among girls than boys.Conclusions: Early adolescent substance use was associated with concurrent self-reported mental health problems in a non-clinical sample. The low levels of service utilisation reported highlight the need for improved access to early identification and intervention to prevent the development of concurrent disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
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8. Patient Safety and Mental Health—A Growing Quality Gap in Canada.
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Waddell, Andrea E. and Gratzer, David
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PATIENT safety ,MENTAL health ,PEOPLE with mental illness ,PSYCHIATRIC research ,RISK of violence - Abstract
Patient safety research in mental health has focused mainly on suicide and violence risk at the expense of other domains of safety. In Canada, we lack a national strategy or research agenda for this important area. This piece calls on psychiatrists to consider the scope of missed opportunities in patient safety in current practice and presents how to begin to consider the safety of our patients in a systematic manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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9. "Hardly Able to Move, Much Less Open a Book": A Systematic Review of the Impact of Sexual and Gender-Based Violence Victimization on Educational Trajectories.
- Author
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Geppert, Angela B., Shah, Aarushi H., and Hirsch, Jennifer S.
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ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,SOCIAL support ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,VIOLENCE ,MENTAL health ,DOMESTIC violence ,DATING violence ,GENDER ,INTIMATE partner violence ,ACADEMIC achievement ,SEXUAL harassment ,SEX crimes ,SOCIAL classes ,RESEARCH funding ,VICTIMS ,MEDLINE ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,EDUCATIONAL outcomes - Abstract
Sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) is a highly prevalent issue, both in North America and globally, with well-recognized adverse impact on survivors' physical, emotional, and economic well-being. The objective of this systematic review is to collect and synthesize empirical work on the effects of SGBV victimization on educational trajectories, goals, attainment, and outcomes. The review summarizes what is known about factors associated with victimization that affect survivors' educational trajectories and highlights gaps in the literature pertaining to the effects of victimization on education. Five databases were searched for this review: Web of Science, Sociological Abstracts, PubMed, APA PsycInfo, and ERIC. For inclusion, the articles must present research on the academic impact of any form of SGBV experienced in higher education and must have been conducted in the United States or Canada. The 68 studies that met these criteria presented research on six key areas of educational outcomes: impacts on academic performance and motivation; attendance, dropout, and avoidance; changes in major/field of study; academic disengagement; educational attitudes and satisfaction; and academic climate and institutional relationships. Research also revealed factors mediating the relationship between SGBV exposure and educational outcomes such as mental health, physical health, social support, socioeconomic status, and resiliency, which we summarize in a pathway model. The research reviewed had significant limitations, including weak study designs, limited generalizability, and diversity concerns. We offer recommendations for future research on this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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10. Invisible ghosts of care and penality: Exploring Canadian correctional workers' perceptions of prisoner well-being, accountability and power.
- Author
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Johnston, Matthew S and Ricciardelli, Rosemary
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WELL-being ,CORRECTIONAL personnel ,PRISONERS ,CRIMINAL justice policy ,INDUSTRIAL safety ,PRISON psychology ,OCCUPATIONAL prestige - Abstract
Much correctional work is generally misunderstood by the mainstream media and many public circles as solely punitive and authoritative, which has fueled many politicized outcomes for correctional policy, practice and intervention. Reasonably, critical criminological discourse is steered primarily by the perspectives and voices of prisoners and victims. Yet this privileging leaves many questions remaining about how correctional workers in the contemporary era negotiate their complex duties of both prisoner care and accountability. Drawing on data garnered from open-ended survey responses of provincial and territorial correctional employees (n = 876) in Canada, we explore how Canadian correctional workers balance their emotional and occupational framework and perspectives with integrity. Informed through a lens of emotional labour, we find that many Canadian correctional workers recognize the need for, and gap in, prisoner care, mental health and rehabilitation, while also problematizing the shift and decline in prisoner accountability, which they believe jeopardizes both correctional worker and prisoner safety. We discuss the implications our findings present in relation to questions of power and control in prison spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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11. Understanding the Mental Health Perspectives and Experiences of Migrants to Canada.
- Author
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Davy, Brittany, Riosa, Priscilla Burnham, and Ghassemi, Effat
- Subjects
CULTURE ,WELL-being ,NOMADS ,MENTAL health ,INTERVIEWING ,SOCIAL stigma ,EXPERIENCE ,QUALITATIVE research ,STATISTICAL sampling ,THEMATIC analysis ,MENTAL health services ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress - Abstract
Few researchers have explored Canadian migrants' experiences of mental health and service access. We interviewed 10 migrants to Canada from a local settlement organization about mental health and services and 5 organization staff about their experiences supporting migrants' mental health and service access. Our interviews with migrants revealed cultural perceptions of mental health and unmet service needs. Our focus group with staff indicated challenges experienced by migrants and the tension between their openness with mental health difficulties and stigmatization from their cultural communities. A call to restructure existing mental health support for this underserved population is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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12. The National Trajectory Project of Individuals Found Not Criminally Responsible on Account of Mental Disorder in Canada. Part 1: Context and Methods.
- Author
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Crocker, Anne G., Nicholls, Tonia L., Seto, Michael C., Roman, Times New, Côté, Gilles, Charette, Yanick, and Caulet, Malijai
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LEGAL status of criminals with mental illness ,CRIMINAL justice system ,CRIMINAL procedure ,MENTAL health services ,VERDICTS ,CRIMINAL intent - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Losing Life's Sparkle: Experiences of Canadian Choral Musicians During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Lozano, Mary Jo A., Churcher, Stephanie L., Kirchner, Madison J., and Slade, Teri M.
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SOCIAL support ,RESEARCH methodology ,INTERVIEWING ,FEAR ,MENTAL health ,EXPERIENCE ,QUALITATIVE research ,PHENOMENOLOGY ,SOCIAL isolation ,JOB involvement ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,ENTERTAINERS ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,MUSIC ,JUDGMENT sampling ,STATISTICAL sampling ,DATA analysis software ,THEMATIC analysis ,ANXIETY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,OCCUPATIONAL adaptation ,COVID-19 pandemic ,GROUP dynamics - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Pathways From Prosocial Behaviour to Emotional Health and Academic Achievement in Early Adolescence.
- Author
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Oberle, Eva, Ji, Xuejun Ryan, and Molyneux, Tonje Mari
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PREVENTION of mental depression ,ACADEMIC achievement evaluation ,AFFINITY groups ,ADOLESCENT development ,MENTAL health ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,RESEARCH funding ,PSYCHOLOGY of school children ,SOCIAL skills ,EMOTIONS ,PATH analysis (Statistics) ,OPTIMISM ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
This study examined pathways from prosocial behaviour in the beginning of the school year to emotional health and academic achievement in the end of the year, taking into account the mediating role of peer acceptance. Participants were 734 grade 4 to 7 students in public elementary schools (51% female) in Western Canada. As expected, pathway analyses taking into account the clustered structure of the data indicated that self-reported prosocial behaviour in the beginning of the school year was significantly related higher levels of self-reported optimism, lower levels of depressive symptoms, and better grades in the end of the year; the association was mediated by peer-reported peer acceptance in the classroom. Findings support the role of peer acceptance as an underlying mechanism involved in the association between prosocial behaviour and positive developmental health outcomes in early adolescence. Findings are also practically relevant as they inform school-based social-emotional competence promotion through interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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15. Trends in Involuntary Psychiatric Hospitalization in British Columbia: Descriptive Analysis of Population-Based Linked Administrative Data from 2008 to 2018.
- Author
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Loyal, Jackson P., Lavergne, M. Ruth, Shirmaleki, Mehdi, Fischer, Benedikt, Kaoser, Ridhwana, Makolewksi, Jack, and Small, Will
- Subjects
INVOLUNTARY hospitalization ,MENTAL health services ,INFORMED consent (Medical law) ,SUBSTANCE abuse ,INVOLUNTARY treatment ,PSYCHIATRIC hospital care - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. A Holistic Approach to On-Reserve School Transformation: Pursuing Pedagogy, Leadership, Cultural Knowledge, and Mental Health as Paths of Change.
- Author
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Andrews, J. W., Murry, A., and Istvanffy, P.
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MENTAL health ,TEACHER development ,SCHOOL psychology ,TEACHER retention ,LEADERSHIP ,INTERPROFESSIONAL education ,SCHOOL holding power - Abstract
The aim of this manuscript is to present and discuss an attempt at transformative change in an on-reserve school in northern Saskatchewan. Myriad studies and government statistics have stated that on- reserve Indigenous students occupy the lowest levels of success in Canada as it relates to almost any recognized metric. In response to the ongoing inequity in education, a 3-year project was undertaken with potential national implications. In this project, a holistic approach was utilized which places an emphasis on leadership development, curriculum, teaching and learning, local Indigenous pedagogies, and mental health support. The confluence of approaches in this project have challenged standard approaches to school transformation by placing an emphasis on the local context and knowledge systems that already place the community in a position of strength. Data collection and project development was primarily focused on document analysis, classroom visits, meetings, and professional development with the faculty, planning sessions, instructional monitoring and student academic, cultural, and mental health assessments, and research projects. This manuscript offers wise practice considerations for diverse on- reserve schools through relationally collaborative interventions rooted in school psychology principles as key agents of change, resulting in: higher teacher retention; more comprehensive and effective lesson planning, implementation, and assessment; enhanced integration of Indigenous values within the classroom (e.g., PISIM); and improved teacher and student mental wellness in the classroom (e.g., teacher utilization of EFSS). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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17. Caregivers' Concerns About Assisted Living Residents' Mental Health During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.
- Author
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Hoben, Matthias, Baumbusch, Jennifer, B. Hogan, David, Gruneir, Andrea, A. Chamberlain, Stephanie, Corbett, Kyle, E. Griffith, Lauren, McGrail, Kimberlyn M., E. Amuah, Joseph, E. Lane, Natasha, and J. Maxwell, Colleen
- Subjects
MENTAL illness risk factors ,CAREGIVER attitudes ,NURSING home patients ,CROSS-sectional method ,CONGREGATE housing ,RISK assessment ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,MENTAL depression ,LONELINESS ,RESEARCH funding ,ANXIETY ,DATA analysis software ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Family or friend caregivers' concerns about assisted living (AL) residents' mental health are reflective of poor resident and caregiver mental health. COVID-19-related visiting restrictions increased caregiver concerns, but research on these issues in AL is limited. Using web-based surveys with 673 caregivers of AL residents in Western Canada, we assessed the prevalence and correlates of moderate to severe caregiver concerns about residents' depressed mood, loneliness, and anxiety in the 3 months before and after the start of the COVID-19 pandemic. Caregiver concerns doubled after the start of the pandemic (resident depressed mood: 23%–50%, loneliness: 29%–62%, anxiety: 24%–47%). Generalized linear mixed models identified various modifiable risk factors for caregiver concerns (e.g., caregivers' perception that residents lacked access to counseling services or not feeling well informed about and involved in resident care). These modifiable factors can be targeted in efforts to prevent or mitigate caregiver concerns and resident mental health issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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18. Beyond Sexual Assault Prevention: Targeted Outcomes for Empowerment Self-Defense.
- Author
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Beaujolais, Brieanne
- Subjects
SEX crime prevention ,SOCIALIZATION ,NONVERBAL communication ,SOCIAL support ,SELF-defense ,RESEARCH methodology ,WOMEN ,SOCIAL learning theory ,INTERVIEWING ,MENTAL health ,SELF-efficacy ,QUALITATIVE research ,ASSERTIVENESS (Psychology) ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,THEMATIC analysis ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Empowerment Self-Defense (ESD) has been shown to be effective in reducing risk of sexual assault victimization among women, but because research in this area is still in its infancy, less is known about additional intervention outcomes that may explain how and why the intervention is effective and about other ways that ESD affects students. The purpose of this study was to examine ESD instructor perspectives about intervention outcomes they perceive to be most important for their students. Using qualitative case-study methodology, interviews from 15 ESD instructors from the United States and Canada were conducted and analyzed using thematic analysis, which yielded six themes: Agency, boundaries, core beliefs, health and healing, somatic experiences, and gender and intersectionality, with each theme having two or more subthemes. Although some of these outcomes have been quantitatively evaluated in previous ESD studies, over half (n = 10) have not yet been empirically measured and are the focus of this article. These 10 outcomes include enactment, self-determination, nonverbal communication, relationship quality, self-worth, healing, physical strength and power, downregulation, support and solidarity, and societal-level changes. In addition to developing standardized tools to measure these outcomes, future research should quantitatively evaluate these outcomes across diverse student populations and explore their effect on producing the profound outcome associated with ESD, which is reduced risk for sexual assault victimization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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19. The Chemo-Gut Study: A Cross-Sectional Survey Exploring Physical, Mental, and Gastrointestinal Health Outcomes in Cancer Survivors.
- Author
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Deleemans, Julie M., Toivonen, Kirsti, Reimer, Raylene A., and Carlson, Linda E.
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TUMOR treatment ,CANCER patient psychology ,GASTROINTESTINAL system ,DIARRHEA ,CANCER chemotherapy ,CROSS-sectional method ,CONSTIPATION ,MENTAL health ,HEALTH status indicators ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ABDOMINAL bloating - Abstract
Background: Cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy, may adversely affect gastrointestinal (GI), physical and mental health in survivors of cancer. Objective: This study investigated associations between GI, mental and physical health outcomes, and cancer treatment-related variables, such as chemotherapy, in adult cancer survivors. Methods: A one-time cross-sectional survey with patient-reported outcomes was used. Cancer survivors (N = 317) aged ≥18 years, living in Canada, who completed cancer treatments were included. Descriptive statistics, correlation, and linear regression analyses are reported. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 40.90 ± 15.40 years. Most survivors received chemotherapy (86.1%). Persistent GI symptoms include constipation (53.6%), diarrhea (50.5%), and bloating/pain (54.9%). Mean GI symptom duration was 30.53 ± 33.42 months. Severity of GI symptom interference was moderate to extreme for 51.9% of survivors. Compared to normative values of 50 in healthy people, survivors scored poorer for mental health (M = 42.72 ± 8.16) and physical health (M = 45.55 ± 7.93), and reported more belly pain (M = 56.10 ± 8.58), constipation (M = 54.38 ± 6.81), diarrhea (M = 55.69 ± 6.77), and gas/bloating (M = 56.08 ± 8.12). Greater GI symptom severity was associated with poorer mental and physical health (P <.01). Chemotherapy was associated with increased belly pain (B = 4.83, SE = 1.65, P <.01) and gas/bloating (B = 3.06, SE = 1.45, P =.04). Conclusion: We provide novel evidence that many cancer survivors experience chronic, moderate to severe GI symptoms lasting for years after cancer treatment, which are associated with worse mental and physical health. Chemotherapy is associated with specific GI symptoms. Integrative therapies are needed to address GI symptoms in cancer survivors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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20. The Road to Mental Readiness for First Responders: A Meta-Analysis of Program Outcomes.
- Author
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Szeto, Andrew, Dobson, Keith S., and Knaak, Stephanie
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FIRST responders ,META-analysis ,PREPAREDNESS ,MENTAL health ,SOCIAL stigma - Abstract
Objectives: First-responder mental health, especially in Canada, has been a topic of increasing interest given the high incidence of poor mental health, mental illness, and suicide among this cohort. Although research generally suggests that resiliency and stigma reduction programs can directly and indirectly affect mental health, little research has examined this type of training in first responders. The current paper examines the efficacy of the Road to Mental Readiness for First Responders program (R2MR), a resiliency and anti-stigma program.Methods: The program was tested using a pre-post design with a 3-month follow-up in 5 first-responder groups across 16 sites.Results: A meta-analytic approach was used to estimate the overall effects of the program on resiliency and stigma reduction. Our results indicate that R2MR was effective at increasing participants' perceptions of resiliency and decreasing stigmatizing attitudes at the pre-post review, which was mostly maintained at the 3-month follow-up.Conclusions: Both quantitative and qualitative data suggest that the program helped to shift workplace culture and increase support for others. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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21. Building Personal Resilience following an Online Resilience Training Program for BScN Students.
- Author
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Stoliker, Bryce E., Vaughan, Adam D., Collins, John, Black, Meridy, and Anderson, Gregory S.
- Subjects
PREVENTION of mental depression ,ANXIETY prevention ,PSYCHOLOGY of college students ,ONLINE education ,INFERENTIAL statistics ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,MENTAL health ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,T-test (Statistics) ,REPEATED measures design ,RESEARCH funding ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,NURSING students ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,DATA analysis software ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,EDUCATIONAL outcomes - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a self-paced online resilience training program on promoting personal resilience and positive coping styles, while reducing the severity of anxiety- and depression-related symptoms, in a sample of BScN students (N = 70) studying to become registered nurses. Using a repeated-measures research design, results indicate that scores on the measure of personal resilience significantly improved from baseline to post-training follow-up assessment. While scores on measures of positive coping and anxiety/depression shifted in the expected direction, these findings were not statistically significant. This study presents evidence to suggest that a self-paced online resilience training program may be an effective strategy for promoting personal resilience among nursing students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. The Text4HealthyAging Program: An Evidence-Based Text Messaging Innovation to Support Healthy Urban Aging in Canada and Australia.
- Author
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Eboreime, Ejemai, Ohinmaa, Arto, Rusak, Benjamin, Cassidy, Keri-Leigh, Morrison, Jason, McGrath, Patrick, Uher, Rudolf, Meier, Sandra, Fleury, Marie-Josee, Iyer, Srividya N., Rej, Soham, Batchelor, Frances, Levinger, Pazit, Dang, Christa, Hopwood, Malcolm, Acquah, Francis N. L., Dzator, Janet, Tomblin Murphy, Gail, Warford, Jordan, and Wozney, Lori
- Subjects
TEXT messages ,PSYCHOTHERAPY ,LONELINESS ,AGE ,OLDER people ,AGING - Abstract
Age-friendly cities are crucial to achieve the WHO goal of healthy aging. Such cities promote opportunities for health, participation, and security, thus enhancing quality of life as people age. Older people commonly experience psychosocial challenges such as anxiety, depression, substance abuse, loss of autonomy, grief, fear, and loneliness. Australian and Canadian cities continue to seek innovation to improve healthy urban aging and create more age-friendly environments for older adults. There is increasing evidence on the effectiveness and feasibility of mobile technology in health promotion and closing psychological treatment gaps. Older adults have been demonstrated to engage frequently with mobile devices, particularly text messaging. In this article, we conceptualize the Text4HealthyAging, an evidence-based text messaging innovation to support healthy urban aging in Canadian and Australian cities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Children in domestic violence shelters: Does the feminist perspective collapse?
- Author
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Côté, Isabelle, Damant, Dominique, and Lapierre, Simon
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PSYCHOLOGY of abused women ,FEMINISM ,DOMESTIC violence ,THEORY of knowledge ,MENTAL health ,QUALITATIVE research ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,PARENTING ,CHILDREN'S accident prevention ,RESEARCH funding ,STATISTICAL sampling ,DATA analysis software ,THEMATIC analysis ,CONTENT analysis ,INSTITUTIONAL care of children ,SOCIAL case work ,MOTHER-child relationship ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Summary: Even though an extensive body of literature on children has swept the field of domestic violence in the last 30 years, little is known about how domestic violence shelter workers understand children's situations and how they intervene with them. This article seeks to address this gap in the literature, and presents the results of a study conducted with 48 advocates in the province of Québec (Canada). Findings: The data suggest that most of the participants adopt a child-centred perspective and consider the children in their own right during their stay. The accounts of the participants' practices also reveal that they perceive children as being vulnerable and at-risk. With a moderate emphasis on vulnerability and risk, the participants tend to support the children alongside their mothers, while associating potential risks with the behaviour of the perpetrator of domestic violence. However, with a strong focus on vulnerability and risk, participants tend to cast aside the perpetrators' behaviour and monitor the women-as-mothers during their stay while associating potential risk with their [in]actions under the circumstances. This can lead to mother-blaming, surveillance and more authoritarian interactions. Applications: The understanding of children living with domestic violence needs to remain rooted in a feminist analysis of violence against women in order to avoid some of the issues highlighted in the article. Furthermore, studies that seek to shed light on best social work practices when working with children in alliance with their mothers from a feminist perspective are crucially needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Intimate Partner Violence Among Persons With Mental Health-Related Disabilities in Canada.
- Author
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Brownridge, Douglas A., Taillieu, Tamara, Urquia, Marcelo L., Lysova, Alexandra, Chan, Ko Ling, Kelly, Christine, and Santos, Susy
- Subjects
INTIMATE partner violence ,PSYCHOLOGY of people with intellectual disabilities ,ADVERSE childhood experiences ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,CHILD sexual abuse ,SUBSTANCE abuse ,CHILD abuse ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,JEALOUSY ,MENTAL health ,DOMESTIC violence ,VIOLENCE ,NONPRESCRIPTION drugs ,RISK assessment ,SEX distribution ,SOCIAL isolation ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,MENTAL depression ,VIOLENCE & psychology ,ALCOHOL drinking ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,ODDS ratio ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,ANXIETY ,BIPOLAR disorder - Abstract
This study examined the elevated risk of intimate partner violence (IPV) among persons with mental health-related disabilities (MH-RD) and the extent to which known risk factors accounted for this phenomenon. Data were drawn from a nationally representative sample of 33,127 Canadians collected in 2014 as part of Statistics Canada's General Social Survey. Results showed that respondents with MH-RD had more than three-fold increased odds of both overall and severe IPV victimization. Although females were more likely to possess a MH-RD, males and females with MH-RD reported similarly elevated odds of IPV victimization. Risk factors that contributed to a significant reduction in elevated odds of IPV for respondents with MH-RD were child maltreatment (CM), respondents' nonprescription drug abuse, and perpetrators' jealous, monitoring, and socially isolating behaviors. The inability to test additional risk factors and bidirectionality in the relationship between MH-RD and IPV may have contributed to the failure to fully account for these respondents' elevated odds of IPV. Future research is needed to understand the complex mechanisms contributing to the elevated risk of IPV and enhance prevention and intervention strategies for this underresearched and underserved vulnerable population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Mental Health Associations with Academic Performance and Education Behaviors in Canadian Secondary School Students.
- Author
-
Duncan, Markus J., Patte, Karen A., and Leatherdale, Scott T.
- Subjects
ACADEMIC achievement ,SECONDARY school students ,ASSOCIATION of ideas ,MENTAL health ,HEALTH behavior ,PSYCHOEDUCATION ,GRADE levels - Abstract
Course grades, as an indicator of academic performance, are a primary academic concern at the secondary school level and have been associated with various aspects of mental health status. The purpose of this study is to simultaneously assess whether symptoms of mental illness (depression and anxiety) and mental well-being (psychosocial well-being) are associated with self-reported grades (in their primary language [English or French] and math courses) and education behaviors (school days missed due to health, truancy, and frequency of incomplete homework) in a sample of secondary school students across Canada (n = 57,394). Multivariate imputation by chained equations and multilevel proportional odds logistic regressions were used to assess associations between mental health scores, academic performance and education behaviors. Lower depression and higher psychosocial well-being scores were associated with better grade levels in both math and language courses, as well as better education behaviors. In turn, better education behaviors were associated with higher course grades. Depression scores and psychosocial well-being scores remained associated with higher grades after controlling for education behaviors, however the magnitude of association was diminished. Results indicate that the effects of mental health factors were partially attenuated by education behaviors, suggesting while reduced class attendance and poor homework adherence were associated with both academic outcomes and mental health, they do not account entirely for the association between lower grades and worse mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. COVID-19 and Canadian Psychiatry: La COVID-19 et la psychiatrie au Canada.
- Author
-
Hanafi, Sarah, Dufour, Mathieu, Doré-Gauthier, Virginie, Prasad, MS Renuka, Charbonneau, Manon, and Beck, Gail
- Subjects
CORONAVIRUS diseases ,PSYCHIATRY ,HEALTH policy ,MENTAL health ,PSYCHOTHERAPY patients - Abstract
A position statement regarding COVID-19 and Canadian psychiatry, developed by the Public Policy Committee of the Canadian Psychiatric Association and approved by its board of directors on November 1, 2020, is presented. Topics covered include burden of the COVID-19 disease among people with psychiatric illness, general care for psychiatric patients, and public health policies.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Critical Clinical Social Work and the Neoliberal Constraints on Social Justice in Mental Health.
- Author
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Brown, Catrina
- Subjects
LABELING theory ,SOCIAL justice ,MENTAL health ,CRITICAL theory ,FEMINIST criticism ,SOCIAL case work - Abstract
Despite a strong history of social justice–based social work professional education in Canada, there has not been an intentional integration of direct critical clinical mental health practice with social justice–based theory. Progressive social work has tended to view clinical work as focusing on the individual and failing to contribute to social change. In this article, I elaborate upon a critical clinical social work approach influenced by postmodern critique, and feminist-, narrative-, and collaborative-based practice rooted in critical theory. Critical clinical practice disrupts the individual/social binary through counterviewing unhelpful dominant social discourses and producing counterstories that participate in social resistance. I explore the constraints of neoliberalism on social work mental health practice and its influence on the ability of social workers to practice social justice–based social work. Neoliberalism constrains social workers' ability to address the social and structural determinants of mental health through its focus on economic rationalization, biomedicalization, and individual responsibilization, alongside rationalized practices that emphasize evidence-based and short-term efficiency-based models. I argue that social work is facing a crisis as a disempowered profession, as it attempts to reconcile its commitment to social justice and the importance of addressing inequity, marginalization, and oppression while often working in settings that demand the subordination of social work knowledge to neoliberal biomedicalism. Under these conditions, a critical clinical approach to mental health practice is needed now more than ever. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. "To Be a Guy Is to Be Human": Outcomes of the WiseGuyz Program Through Photo-Based Evaluation.
- Author
-
Exner-Cortens, Deinera, Wright, Alysia, Van Bavel, Marisa, Sitter, Kathleen C., Hurlock, Debb, Carter, Roseline, and Krause, Pam
- Subjects
VIOLENCE prevention ,GENDER role ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,SOCIAL norms ,MENTAL health ,INTERVIEWING ,PRE-tests & post-tests ,EXPERIENCE ,PHOTOGRAPHY ,EMOTIONS ,HEALTH promotion ,SEXUAL health ,STORYTELLING ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Gender-transformative approaches (i.e., approaches that support male-identified individuals to critique and resist stereotypical male gender role norms that negatively affect health and well-being) are increasingly recognized as a key health promotion strategy. However, there is limited evidence to date on gender-transformative interventions for male-identified adolescents. In addition, given the dynamic and socially constructed nature of gender, methods beyond quantitative data collection are needed to gain a holistic understanding of promising gender-transformative health promotion approaches. One newer method to capture lived experiences with adolescents is photo-based evaluation, where youth program participants take pictures to represent their knowledge, attitudes, and/or behaviors before and after a program. The present study presents findings from the photo-based evaluation of a gender-transformative health promotion program called WiseGuyz. WiseGuyz is offered to mid-adolescent, male-identified youth in school and community settings, and is designed to promote mental and sexual health and prevent violence. Six youth photographers from a rural Canadian setting took part in this evaluation, taking photos to represent what being a guy in their world meant before and after WiseGuyz. Youth then participated in an individual visual storytelling interview and a group-based photovoice process. Key themes in relation to masculinities that emerged from these data were around changes to (1) social norms and (2) emotionality following program participation, and the need for a safe program space to support these changes. This study adds to literature demonstrating the promise of gender-transformative approaches with adolescents, with implications for future health promotion research and practice with male-identified youth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. Postsecondary Mental Health Policy in Canada: A Scoping Review of the Grey Literature: Politique de santé mentale post-secondaire au Canada: un examen de la portée de la littérature grise.
- Author
-
Monaghan, Caitlin, Linden, Brooke, and Stuart, Heather
- Subjects
MENTAL health of students ,POSTSECONDARY education ,MENTAL health policy ,STUDENT well-being ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Social Estrangement and Psychological Distress before and during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Patterns of Change in Canadian Workers.
- Author
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Bierman, Alex and Schieman, Scott
- Subjects
SOCIAL isolation ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,COVID-19 pandemic ,EMPLOYEE psychology ,SOCIAL integration ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
This article argues that the COVID-19 pandemic and associated social distancing measures intended to slow the rate of transmission of the virus resulted in greater subjective isolation and community distrust, in turn adversely impacting psychological distress. To support this argument, we examine data from the Canadian Quality of Work and Economic Life Study, two national surveys of Canadian workers—one from late September 2019 (N = 2,477) and the second from mid-March 2020 (N = 2,446). Analyses show that subjective isolation and community distrust increased between the two surveys, which led to a substantial rise in psychological distress. Increases in subjective isolation were stronger in older respondents, resulting in a greater escalation in psychological distress. These findings support a Durkheimian perspective on the harm to social integration and mental health caused by periods of rapid social change but also illustrate how a life course context can differentiate individual vulnerability to disintegrative social forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
31. System Entrapment: Dehumanization While Help-Seeking for Suicidality in Women Who Have Experienced Intimate Partner Violence.
- Author
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Taylor, Petrea
- Subjects
EMPATHY ,GROUNDED theory ,HELP-seeking behavior ,POST-traumatic stress disorder ,SUICIDE ,WOMEN'S health ,WOUNDS & injuries ,QUALITATIVE research ,INTIMATE partner violence ,DEHUMANIZATION - Abstract
Attention to power imbalances when seeking help for suicidality after having been controlled within intimate partner violence (IPV) is crucial in improving health care delivery. Well documented in the literature is the correlation between suicidality and IPV and that help-seeking for each is difficult; however, a gap exists when both intersect. The process of women's help-seeking is explored in this feminist grounded theory and photovoice multiple qualitative method study. Analysis of interviews with 32 women from New Brunswick, Canada, and photovoice meetings with seven women revealed a basic psycho-social problem. System Entrapment or being dehumanized while seeking help for suicidality occurred as a result of perceived invalidation from health care providers' lack of empathy. Further harm while providing services to women feeling suicidal can be prevented with a shift from an individualist model toward a trauma and violence informed approach. Understanding the contextual factors influencing women's suicidality may reduce victim blaming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Struggling With Reciprocity and Compassion: Mentoring Pregnant and Parenting Mothers Experiencing Vulnerability.
- Author
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Ginn, Carla and Benzies, Karen M.
- Subjects
GROUNDED theory ,MENTAL health ,MENTORING ,PSYCHOLOGY of mothers ,PREGNANCY & psychology ,STATISTICAL sampling ,QUALITATIVE research ,COMPASSION ,PARENTING education ,EVALUATION of human services programs ,PSYCHOLOGICAL vulnerability - Abstract
Transitioning from pregnancy to parenthood is particularly challenging for women living with low income and experiencing social isolation, mental illness, addiction, and/or family violence. The purpose of this qualitative study was to evaluate one component of Welcome to Parenthood, a two-generation multiple intervention program including neuroscience-based parenting education, kin and non-kin mentorship, and an engagement tool (baby kit). From late pregnancy to 2 months postpartum, mentors kept a journal regarding their experiences of mentoring mothers experiencing vulnerability. We engaged in a modified constructivist grounded theory to explore hand-written text from the journals. The core category, Struggling with Reciprocity and Compassion, influenced processes of Becoming a Mentor. Mentoring mothers experiencing vulnerability was both challenging and rewarding, requiring an inordinate amount of physical, social, emotional, and economic resources. To foster maternal mental health and infant development, pregnant and parenting women experiencing vulnerability could benefit from long-term reciprocal and compassionate mentoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Identifying Individuals with Eating Disorders Using Health Administrative Data.
- Author
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Kurdyak, Paul, de Oliveira, Claire, Iwajomo, Tomi, Bondy, Susan, Trottier, Kathryn, and Colton, Patricia
- Subjects
DIAGNOSIS of eating disorders ,BULIMIA diagnosis ,MENTAL health ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,PUBLIC health - Abstract
Objective: Eating disorders are common and have a high public health burden. However, existing clinically relevant data sources are scarce, limiting the capacity to accurately measure the burden of eating disorders. This study tests the feasibility of generating a large clinically relevant cohort of individuals with eating disorders using health administrative data.Methods: We developed 3 clinically relevant eating disorder prevalence cohorts using health administrative data from Ontario, Canada, between 1990 and 2014. Cohort 1 included patients with a hospitalization where an eating disorder diagnosis was the primary diagnosis, cohort 2 included patients with a hospitalization where an eating disorder diagnosis was any diagnosis, and cohort 3 included cohort 2 plus any patient with an emergency department visit with an eating disorder diagnosis.Results: Cohort 1 had 7268 patients, cohort 2 had 13,197 patients, and cohort 3 had 17,373 patients. As cohort size increased, the proportion of eating disorder patients with diagnoses of bulimia nervosa and eating disorder not otherwise specified increased. Although the cohorts differed according to demographic and clinical characteristics, these differences were small compared to the degree to which they differed from the Ontario population.Discussion: It is feasible to use health administrative data to measure the clinically relevant burden of eating disorders. The cohorts differed significantly in the eating disorder diagnostic composition. Eating disorders have a high burden, but poor data availability has resulted in fewer public health-related eating disorders studies in comparison to other mental disorders. The use of administrative data can address this evidence gap. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. "I Never Saw a Future": Childhood Trauma and Suicidality Among Sexual Minority Women.
- Author
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Creighton, Genevieve M., Oliffe, John L., Broom, Alex, Rossnagel, Emma, Ferlatte, Olivier, and Darroch, Francine
- Subjects
SUICIDE prevention ,CHILD abuse ,DOMESTIC violence ,FEMINISM ,INTERVIEWING ,LESBIANS ,RESEARCH methodology ,MENTAL health ,PHOTOGRAPHY ,EMOTIONAL trauma ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,HUMAN sexuality ,PSYCHOLOGY of the sick ,VIOLENCE ,VIOLENCE & psychology ,WOMEN'S health ,QUALITATIVE research ,DATA analysis ,THEMATIC analysis ,SUICIDAL ideation ,PSYCHOLOGY of LGBTQ+ people ,ADVERSE childhood experiences - Abstract
While a significant health concern for sexual minority women, there is little qualitative research investigating their experiences of childhood trauma and suicidality. In this study, we used photovoice methods and an intersectionality framework. Drawing on qualitative interviews, we inductively derived three themes (a) Traumatized and discredited, (b) Cascading marginality, estrangement, and suicidality, (c) Reconstruction and reclaiming resilience. In Traumatized and discredited, we describe the sense of abandonment flowing from childhood trauma heightened by a lack of protection and neglect on the part of parents/guardians. The lack of support to deal with childhood trauma and the layering effects of marginality characterizes the theme Cascading marginality, estrangement, and suicidality. In the third theme, we discuss strategies for reconstruction and reclaiming resilience as participants worked to overcome these challenging experiences. Our study findings offer guidance to suicide prevention counseling programs for sexual minority women and affirm actions to address health inequities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Indigenous perspectives on health: Integration with a Canadian model of practice.
- Author
-
Fijal, Dominique and Beagan, Brenda L.
- Subjects
QUALITY of life ,ETHNOPSYCHOLOGY ,HEALTH attitudes ,HEALTH promotion ,MATHEMATICAL models ,MENTAL health ,OCCUPATIONAL therapists ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,OCCUPATIONS ,PHYSICIAN-patient relations ,SPIRITUALITY ,THEORY ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,THEMATIC analysis - Abstract
Background.: The Canadian Association of Occupational Therapists and the Truth and Reconciliation Commission recommend change within the Canadian health care system, respecting and valuing Indigenous health and healing practices. Adjusting the lens through which occupational therapists practice to incorporate Indigenous views of health and wellness is one potential change. Purpose.: This critical interpretive synthesis of the literature incorporates Indigenous perspectives on health and wellness into the Canadian Model of Occupational Performance and Engagement (CMOP-E) framework, strengthening that model to better serve all peoples in Canada. Key Issues.: Integrating Indigenous worldviews can add to the CMOP-E the importance of balance among physical, emotional, spiritual, and mental health; the inseparability of person, community, and land; and understanding occupations as dimensions of meaning. These are incorporated in a proposed integrated model (ICMOP-E). Implications.: Effectively integrating Indigenous perspectives may be an important first step in a longer journey toward engaging more respectfully with Indigenous perspectives on health and wellness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Canada Should Retain Its Reservation on the United Nation's Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.
- Author
-
Dufour, Mathieu, Hastings, Thomas, and O'Reilly, Richard
- Subjects
CONVENTION on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities ,PUBLIC health ,MENTAL health ,SCHOLARS - Abstract
The United Nations adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in 2006. When Canada ratified the CRPD, it reserved the right to continue using substitute decision making schemes even if the CRPD was 'interpreted as requiring their elimination'. This was a prescient decision because the CRPD Committee, which is tasked with overseeing the interpretation and implementation of the CRPD, subsequently opined that all legislation supporting substitute decision making schemes contravene the CRPD and must be revoked. The CRPD Committee insists that every person can make decisions with sufficient support and that if a person lacks capacity to make a decision, we must rely on their 'will and preferences'. Many international legal scholars have called this interpretation unrealistic. We agree and, in this article, describe how this unrealistic approach would result in extensive harm and suffering for people with severe cognitive or psychotic disorders. The reader should also be aware that the CRPD Committee also calls for the elimination of all mental health acts and the United Nations Commissioner for Human Rights for the abandonment of the not criminally responsible (NCR) defence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. Risk Factors, Clinical Presentations, and Functional Impairments for Generalized Anxiety Disorder in Military Personnel and the General Population in Canada.
- Author
-
Taillieu, Tamara L., Afifi, Tracie O., Turner, Sarah, Cheung, Kristene, Fortier, Janique, Zamorski, Mark, and Sareen, Jitender
- Subjects
ANXIETY disorders ,MILITARY personnel ,COMORBIDITY ,MENTAL health - Abstract
Objective: This study sought to examine differences in sociodemographic risk factors, comorbid mental conditions, clinical presentations, and functional impairments associated with past-year generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) between Canadian Armed Forces (CAF) Regular Force personnel and the Canadian general population (CGP).Method: Data were from 2 nationally representative surveys collected by Statistics Canada: 1) the Canadian Community Health Survey on Mental Health, collected in 2012 ( N = 25,113; response rate = 68.9%); and 2) the Canadian Forces Mental Health Survey, collected in 2013 ( N = 8,161; response rate = 79.8%).Results: The prevalence of lifetime and past-year GAD was significantly higher in the CAF (12.1% and 4.7%) than in the CGP (9.5% and 3.0%). Comorbid mental disorders were strongly associated with GAD in both populations. Although the content area of worry and the GAD symptoms endorsed were similar, CAF personnel were significantly more likely to endorse specific types of worries (i.e., success at school/work, social life, mental health, being away from home or loved ones, and war or revolution) and specific symptoms of GAD (i.e., restless, keyed up, or on edge and more irritable than usual) than civilians, after adjusting for sociodemographic covariates and comorbid mental disorders. CAF personnel with past-year GAD reported significantly higher functional impairment at home than civilians with past-year GAD.Conclusion: GAD is a substantial public health concern associated with significant impairment and disability in both military and civilian populations. GAD in military and civilian populations shows similarities and differences: Key similarities include its extensive comorbidity and significant functional impairment, whereas key differences include the focus of worries and symptom profile. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. The Lack of Adequate Scientific Evidence Regarding Physician-assisted Death for People with Psychiatric Disorders Is a Danger to Patients.
- Author
-
Sinyor, Mark and Schaffer, Ayal
- Subjects
ASSISTED suicide ,EUTHANASIA ,PEOPLE with intellectual disabilities ,MENTAL health ,MENTAL illness treatment ,SUICIDE ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH methodology ,EVALUATION research ,MEDICAL cooperation ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PHYSICIANS - Abstract
The article discusses research on the insufficient scientific evidence to prove that physician-assisted deaths of those with mental disorders is putting patients' safety at risk. It references to a study by S. van Veen and colleagues published in the 2020 issue of the "Canadian Journal of Psychiatry." It argues that among the reasons for lack of scientific data is the limited number of high quality accurate research that tackles irremediable and incurable health conditions.
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Educator Preparedness for Mental Health in Adolescents: Opportunities for School Nurse Leadership.
- Author
-
Smith-Fromm, Tiffany and Evans-Agnew, Robin A.
- Subjects
CONFIDENCE ,LEADERSHIP ,MENTAL health ,MENTAL illness ,NURSES ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,PROFESSIONS ,SCHOOL health services ,SCHOOL nursing ,SOCIAL stigma ,TEACHERS ,OCCUPATIONAL roles - Abstract
One in five adolescents will experience a mental health event in their lifetime. If left untreated, depression, anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity, and anorexia/bulimia can elevate the risk of dropping out of high school. As a key principle of 21st-century nursing practice, school nurses must provide leadership in educating school staff in identifying and responding to mental health issues in high school settings. This article describes the results of an online survey assessing secondary educators' knowledge of and experience with mental health issues in one school district. Resources are suggested to assist nurses in educating school staff, providing them with ways to decrease stigma in the classroom, and partnering with the community to improve services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Mental Health Status, Health Care Utilisation, and Service Satisfaction among Immigrants in Montreal: An Epidemiological Comparison.
- Author
-
Whitley, Rob, JiaWei Wang, Fleury, Marie-Josee, Aihua Liu, Caron, Jean, Wang, JiaWei, and Liu, Aihua
- Subjects
MENTAL health services ,IMMIGRANTS ,HEALTH facilities utilization ,HEALTH equity ,PATIENT satisfaction ,MENTAL health ,PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology ,COMPARATIVE studies ,PSYCHOLOGY of immigrants ,LONGITUDINAL method ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL care ,MEDICAL cooperation ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH funding ,EVALUATION research ,DISEASE prevalence - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Assessing Fidelity to Suicide Reporting Guidelines in Canadian News Media: The Death of Robin Williams.
- Author
-
Creed, Michael and Whitley, Rob
- Subjects
SUICIDE ,PRESS ,PUBLISHED articles ,NEWSPAPERS ,SOCIAL stigma ,CELEBRITIES ,MASS media ,MEDICAL protocols ,MENTAL health ,STANDARDS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Outcome Trajectories among Homeless Individuals with Mental Disorders in a Multisite Randomised Controlled Trial of Housing First.
- Author
-
Adair, Carol E., Streiner, David L., Barnhart, Ryan, Kopp, Brianna, Veldhuizen, Scott, Patterson, Michelle, Aubry, Tim, Lavoie, Jennifer, Sareen, Jitender, LeBlanc, Stefanie Renée, and Goering, Paula
- Subjects
HOMELESS persons ,MENTAL illness ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,LONGITUDINAL method ,HOUSING ,DATA analysis ,MENTAL health ,COMPARATIVE studies ,RESEARCH methodology ,MEDICAL cooperation ,REHABILITATION of people with mental illness ,HEALTH outcome assessment ,PUBLIC housing ,RESEARCH ,EVALUATION research ,STATISTICAL models - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. A Population-Based Study of Postpartum Mental Health Service Use by Immigrant Women in Ontario, Canada.
- Author
-
Vigod, Simone, Sultana, Anjum, Kinwah Fung, Hussain-Shamsy, Neesha, Dennis, Cindy-Lee, and Fung, Kinwah
- Subjects
PERINATAL mood & anxiety disorders ,MENTAL illness ,MENTAL health services ,WOMEN immigrants ,MENTAL health ,MENTAL illness treatment ,PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology ,HOSPITAL care ,IMMIGRANTS ,PUERPERAL disorders ,THERAPEUTICS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Perceived Stigma among Recipients of Mental Health Care in the General Canadian Population.
- Author
-
Patten, Scott B., Williams, Jeanne V. A., Lavorato, Dina H., Bulloch, Andrew G. M., Charbonneau, Manon, Gautam, Mamta, Moss, Pippa, Abbey, Susan, and Stuart, Heather
- Subjects
SOCIAL stigma ,PEOPLE with mental illness ,MENTAL health services ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,STATISTICAL bootstrapping ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,MENTAL illness treatment ,PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology ,MENTAL illness ,PREJUDICES - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. The 2013 Canadian Forces Mental Health Survey: Background and Methods.
- Author
-
Zamorski, Mark A., Bennett, Rachel E., Boulos, David, Garber, Bryan G., Jetly, Rakesh, and Sareen, Jitender
- Subjects
MENTAL health surveys ,CANADIAN military ,MENTAL illness ,AFGHAN War, 2001-2021 ,PSYCHIATRIC research ,MENTAL health of military personnel ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,MENTAL health services use ,MENTAL health ,MENTAL health services ,OCCUPATIONAL diseases ,MILITARY personnel ,SURVEYS - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Prevalence of Past-Year Mental Disorders in the Canadian Armed Forces, 2002-2013.
- Author
-
Zamorski, Mark A., Bennett, Rachel E., Rusu, Corneliu, Weeks, Murray, Boulos, David, and Garber, Bryan G.
- Subjects
MENTAL health of military personnel ,CANADIAN military ,MENTAL illness ,MENTAL health surveys ,POST-traumatic stress disorder ,GENERALIZED anxiety disorder ,MENTAL depression ,COMORBIDITY ,MENTAL health ,MILITARY personnel ,SURVEYS ,ANXIETY disorders ,DISEASE prevalence - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Forty-Five Years of Civil Litigation Against Canadian Psychiatrists: An Empirical Pilot Study.
- Author
-
Mela, Mansfield, Luther, Glen, and Gutheil, Thomas G.
- Subjects
TORT liability of psychiatrists ,PSYCHIATRIC practice ,PSYCHIATRY ,MENTAL health ,PSYCHOTHERAPY patients ,HUMAN services ,MALPRACTICE ,PSYCHIATRY laws ,MEDICAL laws ,PHYSICIANS ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PILOT projects - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Career Interests of Canadian Psychiatry Residents: What Makes Residents Choose a Research Career?
- Author
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Laliberte, Vincent, Rapoport, Mark J., Andrew, Melissa, Davidson, Marla, Rej, Soham, and Laliberté, Vincent
- Subjects
MENTAL health ,PSYCHIATRY education ,PSYCHIATRIC practice ,PSYCHIATRY ,PSYCHIATRIC research ,SOCIETIES ,INTERNSHIP programs ,MEDICAL schools ,MEDICAL research ,VOCATIONAL guidance ,CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Major Depression in Canada: What Has Changed over the Past 10 Years?
- Author
-
Patten, Scott B., Williams, Jeanne V. A., Lavorato, Dina H., Jian Li Wang, McDonald, Keltie, Bulloch, Andrew G. M., and Wang, Jian Li
- Subjects
MENTAL depression ,MENTAL health ,ANTIPSYCHOTIC agents ,MENTAL health services ,BENZODIAZEPINES ,THERAPEUTICS ,SURVEYS ,DISEASE prevalence ,CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Mental Health Service Use Among Children and Youth in Ontario: Population-Based Trends Over Time.
- Author
-
Gandhi, Sima, Chiu, Maria, Lam, Kelvin, Cairney, John C., Guttmann, Astrid, and Kurdyak, Paul
- Subjects
MENTAL health services ,CHILD psychology ,MENTAL health ,YOUTH ,HOSPITAL care ,OUTPATIENT medical care ,HEALTH ,CHILD health services ,MEDICAL care research ,MEDICAL care for teenagers ,CROSS-sectional method - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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