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There is a growing call for arts-health and community arts professionals to work in 'trauma informed ways' to prevent re-traumatisation and promote healing. This paper reports on a scoping review of existing literature that deal with trauma aware and informed practice and its applications in arts-health and community arts. Trauma informed practice does not seek to target or treat trauma but, rather, seeks to provide a safer and more informed space for people who experience post-traumatic stress conditions and symptoms to engage in facilitated arts activities. We particularly examine the extent to which existing literature acknowledges the presence of oppression-related collective trauma – such as racial trauma – and offers appropriate creative, anti-oppressive and trauma aware practice approaches. A total of 19 articles were included following librarian input and team checking. Included articles were written in English, published in peer reviewed academic journals, included a creative arts component, and adopted an intentional trauma informed or aware approach to practice. An additional three sources were included as part of descriptive synthesis to foreground leading First Nations resources for practice. Although no specific guidelines for trauma aware practice in arts-health or community arts were found, findings are consolidated at the end of the paper to offer interim principles, values and activities for trauma aware and informed practice in arts-health and community arts. Findings can also inform general trauma related research and therapy by highlighting the growing role of arts and creativity in responding to diverse experiences of trauma and its effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To systematically review international evidence on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions targeting the mental health, wellbeing, and retention of child and family social workers and their impact on child and family outcomes. Method: Systematic review and narrative synthesis of quantitative comparative studies. Published or unpublished research was sought via 12 bibliographic databases, websites, contact with experts, and citation tracking. Studies in any language were eligible for inclusion. Quality was assessed using Cochrane appraisal tools. Results: Fifteen studies were identified from 24 papers. Three studies considered individual-level interventions, with mixed and inconclusive findings. Eleven considered organisational interventions, with mixed but more promising findings. One study considered community-level interventions, with positive findings but a serious risk of bias. Only one study considered costs. Conclusion: The quality of evidence overall does not warrant clear recommendations for services. Organisation-level interventions show some promise. Robust, high-quality interventional studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shift workers support critical 24-hr operations; their health can be impaired by disrupted circadian rhythms and dysfunctional sleep. Shift work sleep disorder (SWSD) is a prevalent condition with significant psychological consequences. Nurse leaders have not yet implemented effective policies to prevent SWSD and optimize shift workers' mental health. The purpose of this integrative review was to examine research about SWSD within the context of neurobiological, sociological, and psychological perspectives that can inform policy changes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Policy Analytic Framework was used to determine the priority recommendations. A search of three databases provided 19 research articles about SWSD and mental health, which illustrated how SWSD is common around the world in many occupations. Backward-rotating schedules and quick returns were risk factors for SWSD. In addition, SWSD was associated with circadian languidity, sleep reactivity, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. Collectively, the studies lacked objective measures of sleep and circadian rhythms, which has hindered the ability to devise interventions that will target the neurobiological causes of SWSD. The research also lacked attention to important sociological factors, such as workers' pay and benefits. Using these findings, nurse leaders can contribute to public policy reforms that increase funding for more rigorous SWSD research. Lawmakers should be advised by nurse leaders to enforce new regulations that provide incentives for employers to create healthier workplaces, such as prohibiting the overuse of schedules that make employees vulnerable to SWSD and providing funds for interventions to prevent SWSD and support mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a considerable influence on the medical field, especially for emergency room nurses who confront particular difficulties in responding to the crisis in Israel, including possible mental health effects. However, the exact effects of the present epidemic on the mental health of emergency room nurses in Israel remain largely unclear. Aim: This study aimed to fill up this knowledge vacuum and advance our understanding of the pandemic's consequences on the mental health of emergency room nurses in Israel. Methods: This study employed the systematic review approach. Only studies published between January 2020 and the time of the search. The studies were searched from various databases such as PubMed, Scopus, CINAHL, Web of Science, and PsycINFO. A thematic analysis technique was used to find common themes among the chosen articles as the systematic review concentrates on the impact of the COVID-19 epidemic on the mental health of emergency room nurses in Israel. A total of 12 studies met the eligibility criteria. Results: The main findings are oriented toward the effect of COVID-19 on the mental state of emergency room nurses in Israel. The 12 articles included for this study had various characteristics with majority being cross-sectional studies. Others included multicenter study, questionnaire-based study, and qualitative descriptive study. Using thematic analysis, four dominant themes, such as fear of infection and transmission, increased workload, inadequate support and resources, and coping strategies, emerged from the reviewed literature. Conclusion: This systematic analysis emphasizes how crucial it is to consider emergency room nurses' particular mental health demands during the COVID-19 epidemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health and human service providers who aid traumatized individuals frequently experience vicarious trauma (VT). Although VT plays a critical role in service providers' mental health and well-being, as well as in the quality of their service provision, little information is available concerning the development and implementation of VT interventions for service providers. To advance the development of evidence in this area, we undertook a scoping review in which we reviewed existing interventions intended to address VT among service providers working with traumatized clients. Searches of electronic databases were conducted to identify studies published in peer-reviewed journals, with no date restrictions. Over 1,315 citations were reviewed, and a total of 27 studies were included in the final review. The findings show that VT interventions in the literature can be divided broadly into four categories: psychoeducation, mindfulness intervention, art and recreational programs, and alternative medicine therapy. The VT interventions reviewed generally showed promise in their key outcomes, including reductions in secondary trauma stress, compassion fatigue, burnout, and other mental health outcomes. However, the current body of research is lacking both in rigor and in specificity regarding the definition of VT. Furthermore, existing VT interventions are generally self-care based and tend to focus on general stress management rather than addressing the specific effects of VT. Therefore, we call for an increase in efforts to tailor VT interventions to different service settings and participant characteristics, as well as greater attention to developing primary VT interventions at the organizational level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recidivism among released inmates is associated with a substantial societal burden given the financial and medical consequences of victimization. Among incarcerated North Americans, approximately 7% are housed in solitary confinement (SC). Studies show SC can lead to psychological deterioration and dispute it can effectively reduce institutional misconduct or recidivism. This meta-analysis aims to clarify the impact of SC on postrelease recidivism, which we hypothesized would increase following SC. A meta-analysis was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases from inception until December 2019. Studies on adult inmates in correctional settings were included if they met an operational definition of SC, measured recidivism, and included a comparison group in general inmate population. Random-effect models were used to assess the impact of SC on multiple types of recidivism. Of the 2,713 identified records, 12 met inclusion criteria (n = 194,078). A moderate association was found between SC and any recidivism (odds ratio [ OR ] = 1.67, 95% confidence interval [1.41, 1.97]), which persisted in controlled studies (OR = 1.41). This association was replicated across types of recidivism comprising violence (OR = 1.41), rearrests (OR = 1.37), and reincarceration (OR = 1.67). Moreover, a more recent exposure to SC increased recidivism risk (OR = 2.02), and a dose–response relationship was found between days in SC and recidivism. The overall database presented high heterogeneity but no publication bias. Findings show a small to moderate association between SC and future crime/violence. Considering the societal costs associated with antisocial behaviors following SC, mental health and psychosocial programming facilitating inmates' successful reentry into society should be implemented and rigorously evaluated in strong research design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]