Search

This paper tests for certain benefits of foreign direct investment in the manufacturing sectors of two leading host countries---Canada and Australia. A quest for evidence on the effects of the multinational corporation needs little defense at a time when host and source countries alike incline towards restricting its activities. Economic theory tells us that intramarginal[2] gains from foreign investment take diverse forms. An evident and tangible gain to the host government stems from the corporate income tax collected from subsidiaries (net of the incremental cost of public services supplied to them). Other benefits, conjectural and elusive but possibly large, lie in the effects of direct investment on the value productivity of resources owned by the host economy (Macdougall, 1960; Corden, 1967; Caves, 1971). The host nation's private sector does not benefit directly because the foreign subsidiary is efficient, or brings to its shores skilled entrepreneurship or productive knowledge. Rather its gains depend on spill-overs of productivity that occur when the multinational corporation cannot capture all quasi-rents due to its productive activities, or to the removal of distortions by the subsidiary's competitive pressure. These potential benefits can be divided into three classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Annual variations are often more brutal for nuptiality than they are for other demographic phenomena. Short-term economic movements, in particular, seem to have a more direct impact. In the long run, however, nuptiality is generally considered as a much more stable factor than, say, fertility which has undergone profound changes in all industrialized countries over the past hundred years. In this article the social scientists will attempt to study these recent trends in the light of longer-term ones, by comparing nuptiality movements in four countries: Canada, the United States, Australia and New Zealand. In this paper, they study the nuptiality of birth cohorts by calculating the proportion ever-married at age 50, and mean age at first marriage. Data are not always strictly comparable between one census and another, especially in Canada and the United States where geographical coverage has varied through time. However, the numbers involved were small. Moreover, the definition of marital status has not been changed, at least not the basic distinction between single and ever-married. Through a study of nuptiality trends for the single for about a hundred different birth cohorts, they will attempt to determine whether attitudes towards marriage have changed. But first, they must eliminate the structural effects which affect the phenomenon studied. For instance, marriage becomes more difficult for women and female nuptiality decreases when there is a scarcity of potential male partners.

The article discusses the sources of uranium, and observes its principal occurrence in several countries around the world. The carrying out of uranium research has been kept in the highest level of concealment from media. However, its confidentiality has subsided due to the open statements made by government officials in several countries they possess radioactive resources. These countries include Canada, Australia, France and Sweden. In the U.S. alone, its geologic effort to explore possible resources of uranium is extensive ranging from the Belgian Congo and Canada, and some quantities derived from Colorado. Details about the exploration activities carried out by U.S. Geological Survey are outlined, as well as the three classification of uranium deposits.

This article presents information on books and articles related to public relations. Canada's policies toward foreign capital and the proposed U.S. equalization tax are discussed in the book "Foreign Ownership: Is Canadian Concern Sense or Sentiment?" by George Cretzianu. Canada is urged to stick to its old policy of welcoming foreign capital. A report on a poll taken in Glenelg, South Australia, is presented in the book "Winning a Local Option Poll," on the building of new hotels and on how the voters were encouraged both to vote and to vote "Yes" by a public relations program. Other books are: "The Dynamics of Nationalism," "The Human Dimension in International Relations," "Bridges of Human Understanding," etc.

The article presents information about the paper "The Catholic Action Rural Movement," by John H. Millet. This article is descriptive, intended as a survey of the general rural movement within Catholic Action, with indications of its applicability in the United States. Attention is given almost exclusively to the Australian and Canadian national movements, since these countries are deemed more nearly comparable to the United States than Belgium, France, Holland, or Switzerland. Both farm and non-farm people are reached; in Canadian parishes farm youth and town youth are in the same cells, in Australia adult farmers and non-farm rural adults form separate sections.

Cross-section surveys of public opinion are now being conducted continuously in five countries-the U.S., Great Britain, Canada, Australia and Sweden. Through these surveys it has become possible for the first time to measure and to report the views of the common man on the same issue at the same time in five nations of the globe with a combined population of nearly 200,000,000. Sampling surveys as a means of systematically discovering public opinion make no claim to perfection or infallibility. But through their development it has become possible to chart the main trends of public opinion in the five nations and to study the impact of war events on public thinking. The American Institute, oldest of the five, has been measuring and reporting American opinion for seven years. It receives its entire financial support from more than one hundred daily newspapers, of all shades of political belief.

The purpose of the article is to compare the use of management accounting techniques in Australia with their use in the U.S. and Canada. It has been suggested that Australian industry uses management accounting techniques to a lesser extent than American industry. Two research projects conducted recently throw light on these opinions. The first examined the management planning and control practices of a selected group of 424 American and Canadian companies. The second project, commenced in 1957, examined financial organization and control practices in a selected group of 157 Australian companies. The two surveys seem to support the belief, however, that through the joint efforts of professional management and accounting associations over the last ten years, the knowledge and use of management accounting techniques have been increased. But there is still a need for a wider and more effective application of management accounting techniques. If management accounting in Australia is to make its full contribution to increasing the nation's productivity, it may be concluded that educational and professional exchanges with the U.S. and Canada should continue in the future as they have in the past.