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Abstract: This paper proposes a new frequency domain method to model the heat transfer between the injected/extracted heat and the temperature of the fluid exiting a borehole heat exchanger. The method is based on in situ measurements and focuses particularly on the short-term borehole heat transfer. It uses a rational function of the Warburg variable in the Laplace domain to model the borehole heat transfer. The rational model is transformed to a time domain model using inverse Laplace transformation. This time domain model makes it possible to calculate the temperature response on a random heat variation signal. The paper also demonstrates a new way to perform the classical thermal response test. Instead of injecting a constant amount of heat, the experiments have been performed using multiple short-duration heat injections. In this way, the obtained rational heat transfer model contains information about both the short- and the long-term heat transfer. The results obtained using the proposed modeling method are compared with those obtained from a state-of-the-art analytical method. The time domain model can be used to design a controller to optimize the performance of a Ground Source Heat Pump system, the efficiency of which depends strongly on the temperature of the fluid exiting the borehole. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Thermal energy storage (TES) has shown potential in improving the overall performance in energy systems, through shifting of thermal load demand, and through matching of uneven energy availability in time and in space. Latent heat TESs demonstrate advantages over sensible heat TESs for their high storage density and small temperature swing; however, lack of accurate knowledge in novel material properties and lack in a holistic design protocol often lead to difficulties in reaching technically viable storage design. With the aim of proposing a sound latent heat based TES design-to-validation protocol, this paper covers material property characterization through Temperature-history (T-history) method, heat exchanger design through heat transfer modeling, and model validation through experimental verification. A model for submerged cylindrically finned heat exchanger latent heat storage unit with phase change material was built. The results show that performance of gelled salt-hydrate based TES can be assessed with a pure conduction based model. This material property characterization-to-model verification approach may serve as a standard in providing accurate storage design for performance evaluation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: With the aim to develop a generalized model for predicting the frost growth on cold flat plate, experiments were conducted in a suction-type open-loop wind tunnel under variant frosting conditions. Based on the Hayashi correlation, a modified correlation of initial frost density was developed by the experimental results. After validating this proposed correlation, dynamic frosting characteristics, such as the frost thickness, density, frost surface temperature and heat flux were predicted under a wide range of frosting conditions. Compared with 25 groups of experimental results taken from this paper or previous open literatures, the average simulating errors were found to be limited within ±10%. The validation results indicate the proposed model is suitable to predict the dynamic heat and mass transfer process of the frost growth under a wide range of frosting conditions. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: In this paper, the shortage effect of neglecting heat and mass transfer phenomena in mathematical descriptions of pressure drop through venturi scrubbers is studied. For this purpose, a descriptive model is presented with particular emphasis on the mass and energy equations. There is a correction factor introduced, for the first time, and correlated to improve the model predictions in the divergent section. The results indicate that pressure drop prediction is greatly affected by the simplified assumptions of the existing models. In fact, the occurrence of heat and mass transfer phenomena between two phases decreases the pressure drop intensively. Therefore, neglecting the undeniable effects of these phenomena will lead to some large errors. These errors are enhanced in higher gas temperatures, liquid, and gas flow rates, but the gas humidity has a negligible effect. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This paper presents a heat and mass transfer simulation of an adsorber, taking into consideration the geometry of the heat exchanger and the diffusion in the adsorbent medium. In this model, an increment in the direction of heating/cooling fluid containing one (or more) fin pitch was considered. In the domain of this increment, the distribution of the adsorbent temperature was evaluated in the radial and axial directions. The model is validated by experimental data of different adsorbents, volume flows and temperatures. All data were collected in an adsorber test-bench at Fraunhofer ISE. As a result it was found a coefficient of multiple determination of around 0.94 and an error of 20% during the transient. Finally, the model was run on typical operation for cooling application and compared with data from literature. A numerical energy balance was also evaluated. In summary, the results obtained by a independent group shows the same range of confidence of the model developed here, in terms of the tendency of the curves and even the absolute values. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]