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Inclusionary housing is considered a powerful local policy tool that can help address housing affordability and social inclusion issues. This paper draws from empirical research conducted in the City of Santa Monica in California to provide fresh insights on a successful innovative inclusionary housing program, the Affordable Housing Production Program (AHPP). This program was established to increase affordable housing production and enable social integration. Based on the Land Use and Circulation Element (LUCE) of the General Plan, the AHPP seeks to capture some of the increase in land value resulting from planned increases in the intensity of development. Our research shows that the program increased inclusionary housing production by market-rate developers by 15% over the previous inclusionary housing policy. The study finds that land use policies and planning can, through inclusionary housing, help harness the strength of the real estate market to (1) increase affordable housing production, and (2) achieve effective social integration in neighborhoods of opportunity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perception of high crime rates in downtowns has hindered the revitalization of downtown shopping districts and adjacent residential areas. This paper presents a better methodology for measuring crime in commercial shopping districts, replacing the conventional method of quoting crimes per 100,000 residences with a measure that more accurately reflects one's chance for being a crime victim. This new measurement is used to address the question of whether the downtown shopping districts of Los Angeles and San Diego are as dangerous as two of their most competitive suburban shopping areas--Santa Monica and Fashion Valley. The findings indicate that actual crime rates in both downtown Los Angeles and downtown San Diego are in fact lower that those of their suburban counterparts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The term “living wage” has been used in two separate ways: (1) a wage rate that will enable workers and their families to live above a reasonable poverty threshold; and (2) a somewhat more ambitious standard, a wage rate that will meet a family’s basic budgetary needs. Both of these concepts are difficult to quantify, but quantification is necessary for setting meaningful benchmarks in formulating and debating living wage policies. This paper offers an approach to setting benchmarks as they apply to workers in Santa Monica, California. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

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The article discusses various aspects of takings (eminent domain) laws and litigation in the U.S. as of 2017, and it mentions the author's experiences at Washington University Law School and as an attorney specializing in takings law. The California Supreme Court case Nestle v. City of Santa Monica, which deals with airport operators' liability under nuisance law, is addressed. The ripeness legal doctrine-based case Kottschade v. City of Rochester is also assessed.

Some 200–300 local government agencies (LGAs) in the United States (US) use suites of indicators to monitor economic and environmental trends and social well-being, often against goals. Many reservations have been expressed about these community indicator programs (CIPs) including their internal logic such as the validity of indicators in relation to goals, the measurability and plausibility of goals and data reliability. To test these criticisms, a formal evaluation of a CIP has been done using the well-respected Santa Monica, California, CIP as the case study. The research tests the plausibility of a CIP as well as its effectiveness. It is done using program evaluation techniques, in particular, the tool of evaluability assessment. Using Likert rating techniques against several criteria, the author finds that plausibility of the CIP is reasonably robust and that it is a particularly effective tool of governance. More important, the research yields an evaluative methodology for assessing all goal-based CIPs. It is a framework that can help strengthen existing CIPs and it is transferable to appraising similar documents. Lastly, the research offers several lessons of value to urban planners and managers including discussion of targets, regionalism and the nature of "success" in urban management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study which performed a series of triaxial tests on prismatic specimens of sand in Santa Monica, California at different relative densities to examine the occurrence of failure. Conditions for shear band formation of the specimens; Calculation of plastic hardening moduli; Shear band inclinations.

Reports that the dual enrollment program at Santa Monica College facilitates the school-to-college transition in California. Improvement of access to college for diverse populations; Academic self-image based on successful participation in dual enrollment program.

Hueneme and Dume submarine fans in Santa Monica Basin consist of sandy channel and muddy levee facies on the upper fan, lenticular sand sheets on the middle fan, and thinly bedded turbidite and hemipelagic facies elsewhere. Fifteen widely correlatable key seismic reflections in high-resolution airgun and deep-towed boomer profiles subdivide the fan and basin deposits into time-slices that show different thickness and seismic-facies distributions, inferred to result from changes in Quaternary sea level and sediment supply. At times of low sea level, highly efficient turbidity currents generated by hyperpycnal flows or sediment failures at river deltas carry sand well out onto the middle-fan area. Thick, muddy flows formed rapidly prograding high levees mainly on the western (right-hand) side of three valleys that fed Hueneme fan at different times; the most recently active of the lowstand fan valleys, Hueneme fan valley, now heads in Hueneme Canyon. At times of high sea level, fans receive sand from submarine canyons that intercept littoral-drift cells and mixed sediment from earthquake-triggered slumps. Turbidity currents are confined to ‘underfit’ talweg channels in fan valleys and to steep, small, basin-margin fans like Dume fan. Mud is effectively separated from sand at high sea level and moves basinward across the shelf in plumes and in storm-generated lutite flows, contributing to a basin-floor blanket that is locally thicker than contemporary fan deposits and that onlaps older fans at the basin margin. The infilling of Santa Monica Basin has involved both fan and basin-floor aggradation accompanied by landward and basinward facies shifts. Progradation was restricted to the downslope growth of high muddy levees and the periodic basinward advance of the toe of the steeper and sandier Dume fan. Although the region is tectonically active, major sedimentation changes can be related to eustatic sea-level changes. The primary controls on facies... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines citizen participation in local government in Santa Monica, California. While it is true that many of the citizen participation schemes adopted in the past two decades have been carried out by urban bureaucrats and city officials who did not necessarily approve of grassroots democracy and who only acted out of a sense of public relations or because federal regulations required participation plans, it is also true that the concept of participatory democracy has spread as an ideology in the United States. The result suggested that participatory democracy at the local government level goes beyond simple left/right or liberal/conservative formulations of traditional politics. It is a grassroots, populist approach to government and to daily life. U.S. President Ronald Reagan message about getting government off people's backs sounds populist, but it is antidemocratic because the practical result is to turn societal decisions over to wealthy and, powerful corporations and individuals. The goal should be to put government in people's hands to have a representative government whose purpose is to empower citizens and extend democracy throughout society, thereby providing citizens with more control over their lives and environment regardless of race or class. The legal and economic powers of municipal government can be a powerful ally in this effort.

Makes observations concerning the public electronic network (PEN) computer-based messaging system available to residents of Santa Monica, California. Description of PEN system; Participation in PEN; Access to PEN system; Information exchange through interactive communication systems.

Focuses on the Santa Monica, California teledemocracy experiments with Public Electronic Network (PEN), a supplemental channel of communication between a city government and citizens. Improvement of political participation by facilitating the flow of information and opinion between citizens and leaders; Examination of how computer networks and PEN match the ideals of teledemocracy.

Describes the origins, operation and consequences of the Public Electronic Network (PEN) in Santa Monica, California. Provision of free electronic communication to residents by the company; Number of residents registered under PEN; Examination of conflicting human values in relation to electronic communication.

Looks at the effects on tenants of Santa Monica, California's rent control law. Goal of law to protect renters, particularly the `poor, minorities, students, young families and old people' from rapidly rising rents; Comparison of 1987 and 1979 tenant survey; Vacancy control provision.

Focuses on the Santa Monica, California-based advertising agency Garey and Associates, owned by Stephen Garey. Creation of advertising for companies committed to products and manufacturing methods that are environmentally sound, life-supporting and enhancing; Principles and philosophies of the agency.

Topographic change in regions of active deformation is a function of rates of uplift and denudation. The rate of topographic development and change of an actively uplifting mountain range, the Santa Monica Mountains, southern California, was assessed using landscape attributes of the present topography, uplift rates and denudation rates. Landscape features were characterized through analysis of a digital elevation model (DEM). Uplift rates at time scales ranging from 10[sup 4] to 10[sup 6] years were constrained with geological cross-sections and published estimates. Denudation rate was determined from sediment yield data from debris basins in southern California and from the relief of rivers set into geomorphic surfaces of known age. First-order morphology of the Santa Monica Mountains is set by large-scale along-strike variations in structural geometry. Drainage spacing, drainage geometry and to a lesser extent relief are controlled by bedrock strength. Dissection of the range flanks and position of the principal drainage divide are modulated by structural asymmetry and differences in structural relief across the range. Topographic and catchment-scale relief are approx. 300–900 m. Mean denudation rate derived from the sediment yield data and river incision is 0.5±0.3 mm yr[sup -1]. Uplift rate across the south flank of the range is approx. 0.5±0.4 mm yr[sup -1] and across the north flank is 0.24±0.12 mm yr[sup -1]. At least 1.6–2.7 Myr is required to create either the present topographic or the catchment-scale relief based on either the mean rates of denudation or uplift. Although the landscape has had sufficient time to achieve a steady-state form, comparison of the time-scale of uplift and denudation rate variation with probable landscape response times implies the present topography does not represent the steady-state form. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]