*TRANSPORTATION, *ROADS, *GEOGRAPHIC boundaries, *HISTORY, *NINETEENTH century, *EIGHTEENTH century, SOCIAL aspects, BRAZILIAN history, HISTORY of Maranhao, Brazil
Abstract
Current paper analyzes the southern frontier of the state of Pará and the northern territory of the state of Maranhão, Brazil, close to the river Turiaçu and assesses its importance for the displacement of people and goods during Portuguese colonial rule and in the post-1822 Independence years. The paper investigates the strategic and political relevance of the frontier for travel and transport, correspondence and transport of goods within the context of the Brazilian Indigenes, merchants and the Portuguese and Brazilian governments. The conflicts between inhabitants and settlers are highlighted in the essay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
*MESTIZO culture, *MULTIRACIAL people, *FORCED migration, *ENDOGAMY & exogamy, *ETHNICITY, *MULTICULTURALISM, *NINETEENTH century, *HISTORY, BRAZILIAN history
Abstract
This paper assert that there was cross - breed between the African groups that arrived to Rio de Janeiro in the XIX century, that means, that the cross - breed is not just the result of the links between black and white people but also the product of the relation between people coming from the big regions of Africa. In order to explain this phenomena we appeal to the high forced mobility of African people to Rio de Janeiro that generated a pattern of exogamy filogenetic that was saw as a cultural endogamy, and the social demanding over the ethnic origin in order to participate in the work market implied that the slaves had to make different and various attributions of identity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Published
2007
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