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The present study aims to explore the global landscape of neurotechnology research and investigate the factors that influence its citation impact. The data for the study were extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection database, resulting in a total of 1,473 articles related to neurotechnology. The study identified a notable increase in neurotechnology research over time, peaking at 37.20% from 2020 to 2023, with Scientific Reports as the leading journal. Collaborative efforts with two to four authors constituted 42.90% of the total articles. The United States led country-level contributions (29.26%). The University of California secured the top rank with 4.48% of the total publications. The United States Department of Health and Human Services remains at the top by contributing funding to 7.46% of research papers in the field of Neurotechnology research. Statistical tests confirmed significant correlations between research funding, collaboration, and research availability mode with citation impact. Positive correlations were identified between research funding and collaboration, while open access availability showed a negative correlation with citation impact. These findings deepen our understanding of neurotechnology research dynamics, providing insights for researchers, institutions, and policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Team science refers to research initiatives considered in collaboration with scientists from different disciplines or fields. This paper presents a bibliometric analysis for visualization of global research activity concerning the combination of cancer and the COVID-19 pandemic using a team science approach. A bibliometric study was implemented using Web of Science from 2019 to 2021. We analyzed citations to identify description and citations analysis of results, most prolific countries, international research collaboration, most prolific institutions, research areas, most cited papers, and most productive journals. The preliminary data of 2,313 studies that adopted a team science approach were recorded and analyzed. Team science is becoming progressively popular in cancer research. The United States was the most active country, followed by Italy and China. The United States, the United Kingdom, and Italy had the highest level of cooperation with other countries. The most prolific institution was Harvard University, followed by University of London and the University of Texas System. Head and Neck Journal for the Sciences and Specialties of the Head and Neck, Frontiers in Oncology, and eCancerMedicalScience were the most productive journals. Governments, organizations, policymakers, and researchers should pay attention to team science approach at times of disasters such as cancer and COVID-19 to achieve the best strategies for controlling cancer that is currently a world problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Medical mistrust among the public was amplified during the COVID-19 pandemic due to racial and social inequities in infection rates and misinformation in the media. In Boston, two initiatives were launched by the Boston University Clinical Translational Science Institute (BU CTSI), Boston Medical Center (BMC), community health centers (CHCs), and community organizations to establish longitudinal and authentic partnerships with community-research boundary spanners who remained trusted sources of information. Each initiative addressed the immediate need for community-informed and partnered COVID research and provided a structure for longitudinal partnerships. In this paper, we describe the process of envisioning how these two initiatives could move from isolation toward collective impact. We also identify opportunities to improve community-engaged research practices within an academic health system. Our approach provides a structure that other organizations can use to align initiatives and move toward boundary-crossing partnerships which foster health equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research recruitment, eligibility, and who chooses to participate shape the resulting data and knowledge, which together inform interventions, treatment, and programming. Patterns of research participation are particularly salient at this moment given emerging biomedical prevention paradigms. This paper explores the perspectives of Black and Latino young men who have sex with men (BL-YMSM) regarding research recruitment and eligibility criteria, how their experiences influence willingness to enroll in a given study, and implications for the veracity and representativeness of resulting data. We examine inclusion and recruitment as a complex assemblage, which should not be reduced to its parts. From April to July 2018, we conducted in-depth interviews with 30 BL-YMSM, ages 18–29, in New York City. Interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using the constant comparative method. Black and Latino YMSM's responses unveiled tensions between researchers', recruiters', and participants' expectations, particularly regarding eligibility criteria (e.g. age, sex frequency), assumptions about 'risky behaviors,' and the 'target' community. Men preferred peer-to-peer recruitment, noting that most approaches miss key population segments. Findings highlight the need to critically examine the selected 'target' community, who sees themselves as participants, and implications for data comprehensiveness and veracity. Study eligibility criteria and recruitment approaches are methodological issues that shape knowledge production and the policies and programs deployed into communities. These findings can inform how future research studies frame recruitment and eligibility in order to better meet the needs of participants and ensure future research engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper responds to the call to better understand sexual health among South Asians in the United States. Utilizing the sexual health model as a guiding framework, this paper examines the state of research on South Asian sexual health, discusses the research gaps and makes practice, policy, and research recommendations. Recommendations for future research include a need for disaggregated data to capture nuances among South Asian ethnic groups; a need for more qualitative studies; and a need for practice and research to understand positive sexuality congruent with cultural, spirituality & religious beliefs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To fill the gap in health research capacity-building efforts, we created the 'Virtual Library' (VL) – a web-based repository of context-relevant resources for health researchers in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This paper describes the participatory process used to systematically develop the VL, and describes how our interprofessional team – representing both an LMIC (Nepal) and a high-income country (HIC) (USA, US) – engaged in shared meaning-making. A team of researchers and clinicians representing a range of subdisciplines from Nepal and the US created a replicable search strategy and standardized Resource Screening Guide (RSG) to systematically assess resources to be included within the VL. Descriptive methods were used to summarize findings from the RSG and lessons learned from the collaborative process. Collectively, 14 team members reviewed 564 potential resources (mean = 40, SD = 22.7). Mean RSG score was 7.02/10 (SD = 2). More than 76% of resources met each of the four quality criteria (relevant; reputable, accessible; understandable). Within the published VL, 298 resources were included, organized by 15 topics and 45 sub-topics. Of these, 223 resources were evaluated by the RSG; 75 were identified by team member expertise. The collaborative process involved regular meetings, iterative document revisions, and peer review. Resource quality was better than expected, perhaps because best practices/principles related to health research are universally relevant, regardless of context. While the RSG was essential to systematize our search and ensure reproducibility, team member expertise was valuable. Pairing team members during peer-review led to bi-directional knowledge sharing and was particularly successful. This work reflects a highly collaborative global partnership and offers a model for future health research capacity-building efforts. We invite engagement with the Virtual Library <> as one supportive pillar of infrastructure to develop individual and institutional research capacity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nearly one in ten US residents have difficulty speaking and understanding English and are deemed to have limited English proficiency (LEP). Despite federal mandates for provision of interpreters and other language access services, individuals with LEP experience notable health disparities. Occupational therapists must be prepared to equitably serve this population, however there is a dearth of research evidence and practical recommendations about our profession's readiness to serve this growing population. This paper maps the current healthcare policy environment and existing language access research relevant to occupational therapy. Implications for the future of occupational therapy research, education and practice are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Common Rule originally issued in 1991 and last amended in 2005 is scheduled to be replaced on January 19, 2018 by a revised Common Rule (the final rule). The goal of the revisions is to modernize and improve applicability of the rule to a research landscape that has dramatically changed since 1991. Translating these changes into action will require comprehensive understanding of the final rule and detailed implementation planning by Human Research Protection Programs. This paper presents select changes that require substantial attention; including for example: expansion of the exempt category, changes to continuing review requirements, changes to the informed consent form and the use of single IRBs for domestic multi-site research. In addition, myriad policies, procedures and workflows will have to be developed, drastically rewritten, or just mildly tweaked. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Background: For more than 60 years, clinicians and researchers in the Department of Veterans Affairs Health Care System (VA) have contributed to our understanding of aphasia and its related neurogenic communication disorders. VA clinician-researchers have made a major and lasting impact on clinical practice, training, and aphasia outcomes research. Aims: To overview the development of aphasia rehabilitation in the VA. To provide an introduction and background for a series of papers highlighting contributions from VA clinician-researchers to the assessment and treatment of persons with aphasia and related disorders. Methods & Procedures: The papers in this special section recognise some of the contributions of VA clinician-researchers to clinical aphasiology. The papers were solicited by the journal's North American Editor. For the most part, they focus on assessment and treatment of persons with aphasia and apraxia of speech. All papers were authored by persons currently and/or previously working in the VA in some capacity and were reviewed by the North American Editor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since the 1950s, Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) clinicians and researchers have made significant contributions to the aphasia treatment literature. This paper, one of a series on VA contributions to the diagnosis and management of aphasia and related disorders, highlights some of these treatment approaches. They are described within the changing context of how aphasia and its management have been viewed over the past several decades. Aims: The purpose of this paper is to describe specific treatment approaches in the management of aphasia to which VA clinician researchers have significantly contributed. Research studies evaluating the efficacy and effectiveness of these treatment approaches are cited. Conclusions: Beginning with Schuell's intensive auditory stimulation approach in the period after World War II and continuing into the present as new approaches based on recent data from the neurosciences are investigated, VA clinician-researchers have been at the forefront of novel treatments for aphasia. Individuals with aphasia as well as their families and other communication partners have benefited from these efforts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biomedical research on captive chimpanzees incurs substantial nonhuman animal welfare, ethical, and financial costs that advocates claim resultin substantial advancements in biomedical knowledge. However, demonstrating minimal contribution toward the advancement of biomedical knowledge generally, subsequent papers did not cite 49.5% (47/95), of 95 experiments randomly selected from a population of 749 published worldwide between 1995 and 2004. Only 14.7% (14/95) were cited by 27 papers that abstracts indicated described well-developed methods for combating human diseases. However, detailed examination of these medical papers revealed that in vitrostudies, human clinical and epidemiological studies, molecular assays and methods, and genomic studies contributed most to their development. No chimpanzee study made an essential contribution, or, in most cases, a significant contribution of any kind, to the development of the medical method described. The approval of these experiments indicates a failure of the ethics committee system. The demonstrable lack of benefit of most chimpanzee experimentation and its profound animal welfare and bioethical costs indicate that a ban is warranted in those remaining countries—notably the United States—that continue to conduct it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Depo-Provera is an anti-androgen medication that has been approved by the FDA for use as an injectable contraceptive for women. It has also been used in the treatment of sex offenders. Exactly how this anti-androgen works is not completely known. This paper presents three clinical case studies in which Depo-Provera was an adjunct to the treatment of adult males with sexual behavior problems. A survey of 17 patients currently using DepoProvera in their treatment is outlined. A psychopharmacological explanation of the action of anti-androgens is followed by a study of some of the possible side effects on 61 patients using DepoProvera over a nine-month period. This paper suggests that side effects can be monitored and controlled during treatment, allowing a patient to gain from the benefits of an anti-androgen medication a "sexual vacation" from obsessions and dangerous behaviors during which significant cognitive-behavioral gains can be made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Since at least 1948, Veterans Administration (VA) clinicians have been reporting the outcomes of treatment administered to mend aphasia. These range from retrospective clinical observations to controlled, multicentre clinical trials. While the rigour of research varies among reports, the body of work is considerable. Aims: The purpose of this paper is to review VA contributions to treatment outcomes research in aphasia. Methods & Procedures: Examples of VA aphasia treatment outcomes research were selected from a corpus of over 100 reports. Each was classified in the traditional, five-phase, treatment outcomes research model, and each was rated by a levels of evidence scale. Outcomes & Results: VA aphasia treatment outcomes research, like the bulk of aphasia treatment outcomes research, is patchy. There is little evidence of systematic progression through the traditional, five-phase, treatment outcomes research model. It is also difficult to classify and to assign a level of evidence to many investigations. There is no VA aphasia treatment outcomes research on the effectiveness of the few treatments that have been demonstrated to be efficacious. Nevertheless, the amount of VA aphasia treatment outcomes research is massive, and its contribution to what can be said about the influence of treatment on aphasia is considerable. Conclusions: For almost 60 years the VA has been contributing to treatment outcomes research in aphasia. No other single healthcare system can match the volume of this research. Lack of a systematic research programme may limit precise conclusions, but it does not diminish the significant contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The United States Veterans Administration (VA) has a long history of supporting medical developments, including those in the rehabilitation sciences. Its large patient population, numerous facilities, and funding of research, education, and training have resulted in many medical advances. Its positive influences also have extended to the profession of speech-language pathology, particularly regarding the assessment and treatment of aphasia. Aims: This paper is a short review of how the VA has contributed significantly to the development of aphasia assessment tools. Beginning with the Minnesota Test for Differential Diagnosis of Aphasia in 1948, the VA has played an essential role in the creation of a number of well-known, widely used aphasia tests. Methods & Procedures: Ten major aphasia assessment tools that had significant VA involvement are examined. The features of each test are described, as well as how the VA contributed to the test's development. Conclusions: VA's substantial support was an essential part in the development of these important aphasia assessment tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most recent update of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) health assessment document for asbestos (Nicholson, 1986, referred to as “the EPA 1986 update”) is now 20 years old. That document contains estimates of “potency factors” for asbestos in causing lung cancer (KL's) and mesothelioma (KM's) derived by fitting mathematical models to data from studies of occupational cohorts. The present paper provides a parallel analysis that incorporates data from studies published since the EPA 1986 update. The EPA lung cancer model assumes that the relative risk varies linearly with cumulative exposure lagged 10 years. This implies that the relative risk remains constant after 10 years from last exposure. The EPA mesothelioma model predicts that the mortality rate from mesothelioma increases linearly with the intensity of exposure and, for a given intensity, increases indefinitely after exposure ceases, approximately as the square of time since first exposure lagged 10 years... [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the population continues to age there remains an unmet need in preventing, identifying, treating, and managing mental/behavioral health problems among older adults. The purpose of this paper is to describe educational and training programs offered through three Geriatric Education Centers: (1) the Meharry Consortium Geriatric Education Center, which offers a certificate program on Cognitive Vitality dispelling myths that dementias are part of the normal aging process, (2) the Harvard Upper New England Geriatric Education Center, which offers a self-study web-based learning module on Alzheimer's Disease and related dementias, and (3) the South Carolina Geriatric Education Center, which has developed multi-use and train-the-trainer programs for counseling drivers with dementia and communicating effectively with cognitively impaired older adults. The programs together begin to address the wide range of mental health issues clinicians may encounter in older adult health care delivery and the ways in which Geriatric Education Centers help to prepare an educated workforce. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Review date: Review period January 1992–December 2001. Final analysis July 2004–January 2005 . Background and review context: There has been no rigorous systematic review of the outcomes of early exposure to clinical and community settings in medical education . Objectives of review: Identify published empirical evidence of the effects of early experience in medical education, analyse it, and synthesize conclusions from it . Identify the strengths and limitations of the research effort to date, and identify objectives for future research . Search strategy: Ovid search of: BEI, ERIC, Medline, CINAHL and EMBASE Additional electronic searches of: Psychinfo, Timelit, EBM reviews, SIGLE, and the Cochrane databases. Hand-searches of: Medical Education, Medical Teacher, Academic Medicine, Teaching and Learning in Medicine, Advances in Health Sciences Education, Journal of Educational Psychology . Criteria: Definitions: • Experience: Authentic (real as opposed to simulated) human contact in a social or clinical context that enhances learning of health, illness and/or disease, and the role of the health professional . • Early: What would traditionally have been regarded as the preclinical phase, usually the first 2 years . Inclusions: All empirical studies (verifiable, observational data) of early experience in the basic education of health professionals, whatever their design or methodology, including papers not in English. Evidence from other health care professions that could be applied to medicine was included . Exclusions : Not empirical; not early; post-basic; simulated rather than ‘authentic’ experience . Data collection: Careful validation of selection processes. Coding by two reviewers onto an extensively modified version of the standard BEME coding sheet. Accumulation into an Access database. Secondary coding and synthesis of an interpretation . Headline results: A total of 73 studies met the selection criteria and yielded 277 educational outcomes; 116 of those outcomes (from 38 studies) were rated strong and important enough to include in a narrative synthesis of results; 76% of those outcomes were from descriptive studies and 24% from comparative studies. Early experience motivated and satisfied students of the health professions and helped them acclimatize to clinical environments, develop professionally, interact with patients with more confidence and less stress, develop self-reflection and appraisal skill, and develop a professional identity. It strengthened their learning and made it more real and relevant to clinical practice. It helped students learn about the structure and function of the healthcare system, and about preventive care and the role of health professionals. It supported the learning of both biomedical and behavioural/social sciences and helped students acquire communication and basic clinical skills. There were outcomes for beneficiaries other than students, including teachers, patients, populations, organizations and specialties. Early experience increased recruitment to primary care/rural medical practice, though mainly in US studies which introduced it for that specific purpose as part of a complex intervention . Conclusions: Early experience helps medical students socialize to their chosen profession. It helps them acquire a range of subject matter and makes their learning more real and relevant. It has potential benefits for other stakeholders, notably teachers and patients. It can influence career choices . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

''Economics Without Money; Sex Without Gender'' critiques Tomas Philipson and Richard Posner's neoclassically-based model of sexual ''trades'', which argues that ''market'' mechanisms will be largely sufficient to control the AIDS epidemic. As feminist economists have pointed out, such neoclassically-based models rest upon strong assumptions regarding the availability of information, the partners' egotism, the absence of extra-economic coercion, and the ability of all parties to exit the market. In so doing, these models ignore the ways in which political, social, and cultural inequalities (e.g., race, gender, class, and nationality) may systematically bias market negotiations, including those over safe sex. The paper critiques the model's neoclassical assumptions and its prescriptions for public policy in the areas of epidemiology, HIV testing, and public subsidies for HIV/AIDS education and AIDS-related medical research. Finally, it discusses the impact of these inequalities on safe-sex negotiations in the case of the US low-income bi/heterosexual women, especially women of color, for whom AIDS is now the leading cause of death. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author reflects upon an article by Mark Rothstein that was published within the issue, regarding deidentified research data and biological samples. The author discusses why he feels the problems associated with the use of deindentified information and biological samples in research is more serious than argued in Rothstein's paper.

The article focuses on the "Preventing Medication Errors Report" released by the Committee on Identifying and Preventing Medication Errors of the Institute of Medicine (IOM) in the U.S. The report emphasizes the significance of conducting a national agenda for reducing medication errors based on estimates of the incidence and cost of such errors and evidence on the efficacy of various preventive strategies. The paper also highlights the result of the study which focuses on the safe, effective, and appropriate use of medications in the major components of the medication-use system.