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Objectives: In spite of the introduction of automated systems for urinary sediment analysis, microscopy examination remains the gold standard, and it is more than ever important to perform it with a good and reliable quality. External Quality Assessment (EQA) programs on urinary sediment are rare. The present paper provides an analysis of results from 2001 to date of the EQA Italian program which involves today 230 laboratories., Methods: The program includes four surveys per year. Participants are asked the identification and clinical associations of urinary sediment particles, shown as phase contrast microscopy images in the website of the Center of Biomedical Research (CRB) (2 surveys), and the diagnosis of clinical cases presented by both images and a short clinical history (2 surveys). The results of each survey are then scored and commented. In 20 years, 298 images were presented: 90 cells (9 types), 23 lipids (5 types), 87 casts (21 types), 53 crystals (14 types), 22 microorganisms (5 types), and 23 contaminants (9 types). Moreover, 27 clinical cases, covering a wide spectrum of conditions with different degrees of complexity, were presented to participants., Results: Identification: among urinary particle categories, the correct identification rate (obtained for each particle from the sum of correct + partially correct answers) was very high for micro-organisms (mean ± SD: 96.2 ± 3.5%), high for lipids (88.0 ± 11.8%) and crystals (87.0 ± 16.5%) followed, in decreasing order, by cells (82.1 ± 15.9%), casts (81.8 ± 14.8%), and contaminants (76.7 ± 22.1%). Clinical associations (n=67): the rate of correct answers was 93.5 ± 5.7% ranging from 75.0 to 100% for all but one clinical association (i.e., acute glomerulonephritis: 55.4%). Clinical cases: throughout surveys, due to the overall rate of particle misidentification, only 59.8 ± 17.1%, (range 32.5-88.7%) of participants achieved access to clinical diagnosis. Of these, 88.7 ± 10.6% (range 59.9-99.3%) were able to indicate the correct diagnosis., Conclusions: Our program can be used as a tool to improve the identification of urine particles and the knowledge of their clinical meaning and to encourage specialists of laboratory medicine to correlate urinary findings with other laboratory data and the clinical history, an aspect that improves the value of the day by day work., (© 2020 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.)

With these recommendations the Interdisciplinary Urinalysis Group (GIAU) aims to stimulate the following aspects : improvement and standardization of the post analytical approach to physical, chemical and morphological urine examination (ECMU); emphasize the value added to ECMU by selection of clinically significant parameters, indication of analytical methods, of units of measurement, of reference values; improvement of interpretation of dip stick urinalysis with particular regard to the reconsideration of the diagnostic significance of the evaluated parameters together with an increasing awareness of the limits of sensitivity and specificity of this analytical method. Accompanied by the skills to propose and carry out in-depth investigations with analytical methods that are more sensitive and specific;increase the awareness of the importance of professional skills in the field of urinary morphology and their relationships with the clinicians. through the introduction, in the report, of descriptive and interpretative comments depending on the type of request, the complexity of the laboratory, the competence of the pathologist;implement a policy of evaluation of the analytical quality by using, in addition to traditional internal and external controls, a program for the evaluation of morphological competence. The hope is to revalue the enormous potential diagnostic of ECMU, implementing a urinalysis on personalized diagnostic needs that each patient brings with it., (Copyright by Società Italiana di Nefrologia SIN, Rome, Italy.)

Background: Manual microscopy still represents the gold standard for urinary sediment (US) examination. We report the results obtained in the period 2012-2015 by the EQA Italian program on US, which today involves about 260 laboratories., Methods: The program includes four surveys per year. In two surveys, participants are asked to supply identification and clinical association of US particles. In two other surveys, they are asked to supply the diagnosis of clinical cases, presented with images, some key laboratory findings and a short clinical history. Sixty-six images of US particles (21 cells, 2 lipids, 21 casts, 10 crystals, 3 microorganisms, 15 contaminants) and seven clinical cases were presented., Results: The correct identification rate for each category of particles, in decreasing order, was: micro-organisms (mean±SD: 92.4%±4.5%), lipids (92.0%±1.8%), casts (82.8%±8.8%), crystals (79.4%±29.8%), cells (77.3%±13.5%), and contaminants (70.9%±22.2%). For 13 particles, a correct clinical association was indicated by 91.5%±11.7% of participants, while it was 52.7% for particles associated with urinary tract infection. For clinical cases, due to a high rate of particles misidentification, only 44.3%±10.1% of participants achieved access to clinical diagnosis, which was then correctly indicated by 92.5%±5.3% of them., Conclusions: The results of the EQA program confirm that, while some US particles are well known in terms of identification, clinical association and clinical meaning, others particles still are not, and this represents an important reason to encourage EQA programs on US.

Introduction: in spite of the introduction of automated systems for urine sediment analysis, microscopy examination remains the gold standard. External Quality Assessment (EQA) programs on urine sediment are rare. This paper provides an analysis of results from 2012 to date of the EQA Italian program (Centro di Ricerca Biomedica, Regione Veneto) which involves today 255 laboratories. Methods: the EQA program includes four surveys/year. Participants are asked to identify and provide the clinical association of the presence of specific particles (2 surveys) and formulate the diagnosis of clinical cases presented (2 surveys). In 11 years, 202 images were proposed: 64 cells (9 types), 10 lipids (4 types), 59 casts (16 types), 36 crystals (13 types), 14 microorganisms (5 types), 19 contaminants (8 types) and 22 clinical cases were presented. Results: the correct identification rate (median; interquartiles) was very high for micro organisms (96.4; 91.9-99.9); high for crystals (92.2; 80.2-96.3) and lipids (91.1; 90.5-93.6); followed by casts (87.7; 80.1-91.8); contaminants (87.3; 77.2-96.0) and cells (82.8; 74.4-91.3). For clinical associations, the rate of correct answers was 96.5 (range 48.7- 100%). For clinical cases, due to the overall rate of particle misidentification throughout surveys, only 58.6% (44.9- 68.8%) of participants achieved access to clinical diagnosis. Of these, 92,0% (78.1-95.5%) were able to indicate the correct diagnosis. Conclusions: the program can be used as a tool to improve the identification of urine particles and the knowledge of their clinical significance and to encourage specialists of laboratory medicine to correlate urine findings with other laboratory data and the clinical history of the patient, an aspect that improves the value of the day by day work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In spite of the introduction of automated systems for urinary sediment analysis, microscopy examination remains the gold standard, and it is more than ever important to perform it with a good and reliable quality. External Quality Assessment (EQA) programs on urinary sediment are rare. The present paper provides an analysis of results from 2001 to date of the EQA Italian program which involves today 230 laboratories. The program includes four surveys per year. Participants are asked the identification and clinical associations of urinary sediment particles, shown as phase contrast microscopy images in the website of the Center of Biomedical Research (CRB) (2 surveys), and the diagnosis of clinical cases presented by both images and a short clinical history (2 surveys). The results of each survey are then scored and commented. In 20 years, 298 images were presented: 90 cells (9 types), 23 lipids (5 types), 87 casts (21 types), 53 crystals (14 types), 22 microorganisms (5 types), and 23 contaminants (9 types). Moreover, 27 clinical cases, covering a wide spectrum of conditions with different degrees of complexity, were presented to participants. Identification: among urinary particle categories, the correct identification rate (obtained for each particle from the sum of correct + partially correct answers) was very high for micro-organisms (mean ± SD: 96.2 ± 3.5%), high for lipids (88.0 ± 11.8%) and crystals (87.0 ± 16.5%) followed, in decreasing order, by cells (82.1 ± 15.9%), casts (81.8 ± 14.8%), and contaminants (76.7 ± 22.1%). Clinical associations (n=67): the rate of correct answers was 93.5 ± 5.7% ranging from 75.0 to 100% for all but one clinical association (i.e., acute glomerulonephritis: 55.4%). Clinical cases: throughout surveys, due to the overall rate of particle misidentification, only 59.8 ± 17.1%, (range 32.5–88.7%) of participants achieved access to clinical diagnosis. Of these, 88.7 ± 10.6% (range 59.9–99.3%) were able to indicate the correct diagnosis. Our program can be used as a tool to improve the identification of urine particles and the knowledge of their clinical meaning and to encourage specialists of laboratory medicine to correlate urinary findings with other laboratory data and the clinical history, an aspect that improves the value of the day by day work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]