10 results on '"Buxton, William"'
Search Results
2. Sleep, Cognition and Dementia
- Author
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Porter, Verna R., Buxton, William G., and Avidan, Alon Y.
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Harold Innis e l'assalto alla modernità: l'industria dei quotidiani, la comunicazione, e il declino della vita pubblica.
- Author
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Buxton, William J.
- Abstract
In most discussions of Harold Innis' work on communications, his contributions have been treated as those of a general media theorist. His analyses of particular media are commonly viewed simply as instances of his broader account of how space- and time-binding media serve to bias societies and civilizations. This paper argues that Innis' generalizations about media derived, in fact, from his examination of how a particular cluster of media -- namely, printing and publishing, with particular reference to newspapers -- was linked to the onset of modernity. These concerns were evident in his magisterial unpublished manuscript, History of Communication. Drawing on its periodization and overarching themes, this paper examines Innis' account of the newspaper industry as it developed between the American Revolution and the mid-point of the twentieth century. The historical trajectory that Innis traces, it is argued, reveals the specific concerns about printing and modernity that underpinned his general reflections about time- and space-binding communications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Prehospital tranexamic acid shortens the interval to administration by half in Major Trauma Networks: a service evaluation.
- Author
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Marsden, Max E. R., Rossetto, Andrea, Duffield, Charles A. B., Woolley, Thomas G. D., Buxton, William P., Steynberg, Sarah, Bagga, Rahul, and Tai, Nigel R. M.
- Abstract
Introduction: Tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces bleeding and mortality. Recent trials have demonstrated improved survival with shorter intervals to TXA administration. The aims of this service evaluation were to assess the interval from injury to TXA administration and describe the characteristics of patients who received TXA pre-hospital and in-hospital.Methods: We reviewed Trauma and Audit Research Network records and local trauma registries to identify patients of any age that received TXA at all London Major Trauma Centres and Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, during 2017. We used the 2016 NICE Guidelines (NG39) which state that TXA should be given within 3 hours of injury.Results: We identified 1018 patients who received TXA, of whom 661 (65%) had sufficient data to assess the time from injury to TXA administration. The median interval was 74 min (IQR: 47-116). 92% of patients received TXA within 3 hours from injury, and 59% within 1 hour. Half of the patients (54%) received prehospital TXA. The median time to TXA administration when given prehospital was 51 min (IQR: 39-72), and 112 min (IQR: 84-160) if given in-hospital (p<0.001). In-hospital TXA patients had less haemodynamic derangement and lower base deficit on admission compared with patients given prehospital TXA.Conclusion: Prehospital administration of TXA is associated with a shorter interval from injury to drug delivery. Identifying a proportion of patients at risk of haemorrhage remains a challenge. However, further reinforcement is needed to empower pre-hospital clinicians to administer TXA to trauma patients without overt signs of shock. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Educação e expertise. A sociologia como "profissão" nos Estados Unidos.
- Author
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Buxton, William and Turner, Stephen
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Compiling Knowledge, Enacting Space, Binding Time: Innis's Canadian North (1928-1944).
- Author
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Audette-Longo, Patricia H. and Buxton, William J.
- Subjects
- *
MEDIA studies , *ECONOMIC history , *CANADIAN history , *SPACETIME , *INDIGENOUS peoples - Abstract
While Harold A. Innis's contributions to media theory and economic history are well recognized, his attention to Canada's North has received less notice. This paper brings together and analyzes Innis's most sustained engagement with the North: his sixteen-year project of reviewing more than 150 books about the region for the Canadian Historical Review. By examining Innis's North as a mediated text, the paper traces how his reviews were informed by concerns with enacting space and binding time. The paper discusses how Innis used his reviews to compile information about a largely unknown area, map its natural-resource potential, and commemorate its colourful and sometimes-turbulent past. Innis contributed to a construction of the region as a last frontier whose conquest could unite Canadians in common purpose and identity. Innis's reviews provided a platform for him to criticize the federal government s policies on the region, but his contributions to our understanding of the region largely failed to reflect the complexities of an already occupied, already changing North. Nevertheless, his discussions of political and economic development in the North anticipated current discussions of how Canada's northern tier is undergoing transformation through the exploitation of resources and climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2014
7. Using CRISPR/Cas9 to identify genes required for mechanosensory neuron development and function.
- Author
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Johnson CJ, Kulkarni A, Buxton WJ, Hui TY, Kayastha A, Khoja AA, Leandre J, Mehta VV, Ostrowski L, Pareizs EG, Scotto RL, Vargas V, Vellingiri RM, Verzino G, Vohra R, Wakade SC, Winkeljohn VM, Winkeljohn VM, Rotterman TM, and Stolfi A
- Subjects
- Animals, Larva genetics, Metamorphosis, Biological genetics, Sensory Receptor Cells, CRISPR-Cas Systems, Ciona
- Abstract
Tunicates are marine, non-vertebrate chordates that comprise the sister group to the vertebrates. Most tunicates have a biphasic lifecycle that alternates between a swimming larva and a sessile adult. Recent advances have shed light on the neural basis for the tunicate larva's ability to sense a proper substrate for settlement and initiate metamorphosis. Work in the highly tractable laboratory model tunicate Ciona robusta suggests that sensory neurons embedded in the anterior papillae transduce mechanosensory stimuli to trigger larval tail retraction and initiate the process of metamorphosis. Here, we take advantage of the low-cost and simplicity of Ciona by using tissue-specific CRISPR/Cas9-mediated mutagenesis to screen for genes potentially involved in mechanosensation and metamorphosis, in the context of an undergraduate 'capstone' research course. This small screen revealed at least one gene, Vamp1/2/3, which appears crucial for the ability of the papillae to trigger metamorphosis. We also provide step-by-step protocols and tutorials associated with this course, in the hope that it might be replicated in similar CRISPR-based laboratory courses wherever Ciona are available., Competing Interests: Competing interests The authors declare no competing or financial interests., (© 2023. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Tapia's Syndrome (Concurrent Unilateral Recurrent Laryngeal and Hypoglossal Nerve Palsy) Following Left Retrosigmoid Craniotomy for Schwannoma Resection.
- Author
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Stelman CR, Buxton W, and Sharon JD
- Abstract
Tapia's syndrome, a unilateral, extracranial combined lesion to the hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve [CN] XII) and the recurrent laryngeal branch of the vagal nerve (CN X), has been observed to occur after general anesthesia for a variety of surgical procedures. Surgical intraoperative neck positioning and airway management are hypothesized as causative factors. The condition presents with ipsilateral motor paralysis of the tongue and vocal cords. Postoperatively, patients often present with dysphonia, dysphagia, and difficulty swallowing. We discuss a unique case of Tapia's syndrome occurring after retrosigmoid craniotomy for left vestibular schwannoma resection in a 42-year-old male. General anesthesia was uneventful with an atraumatic, grade 2a intubation and a normal endotracheal tube cuff pressure of 30 cm of water. The patient was positioned laterally, even though the exact head position was not documented. Institutional practice in these cases is for the head to be maintained neutral or with a slight turn. An uneventful subtotal resection of the tumor was performed after retrosigmoid exposure. Postoperatively, the patient complained of left-sided mouth tingling, a hoarse voice, and tongue weakness which impacted his ability to chew and swallow. He had mild left-sided facial weakness and decreased sensation in the V1 and V2 distribution of the trigeminal nerve. Postoperative brain MRI showed postsurgical changes without evidence of neurological or vascular involvement. Fiberoptic endoscopy performed in the otolaryngology clinic showed immobility of the right vocal cord. Consequently, Tapia's syndrome was diagnosed. He later underwent a right vocal fold injection with Prolaryn gel (Merz North America, Inc, Greensboro, NC, USA) via flexible laryngoscopy with a slight improvement in his dysphonia. At his last visit, he declined further interventions based on acceptable voice quality. Tapia's syndrome can occur due to the close anatomical proximity of the hypoglossal and recurrent laryngeal nerves as they pass lateral to the oropharynx and hypopharynx. This predisposes the nerves to anesthetic and surgical insults such as over-stretching of the nerves during head manipulation and trauma to the nerve fibers following laryngoscopy. Our case report highlights this potential rare complication to anesthetic and surgical teams. Awareness of this concurrent paralysis can assist practitioners to rapidly diagnose and treat patients who present in this way postoperatively. It can also enable avoidance of causative factors and remind practitioners of the importance of meticulous perioperative documentation., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Copyright © 2021, Stelman et al.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Prehospital tranexamic acid shortens the interval to administration by half in Major Trauma Networks: a service evaluation.
- Author
-
Marsden MER, Rossetto A, Duffield CAB, Woolley TGD, Buxton WP, Steynberg S, Bagga R, and Tai NRM
- Subjects
- Adult, Antifibrinolytic Agents administration & dosage, Antifibrinolytic Agents pharmacology, Antifibrinolytic Agents therapeutic use, Female, Hemorrhage drug therapy, Hemorrhage mortality, Humans, London, Male, Middle Aged, Registries statistics & numerical data, Retrospective Studies, Statistics, Nonparametric, Tranexamic Acid pharmacology, Tranexamic Acid therapeutic use, Trauma Centers organization & administration, Trauma Centers statistics & numerical data, Time-to-Treatment statistics & numerical data, Tranexamic Acid administration & dosage
- Abstract
Introduction: Tranexamic acid (TXA) reduces bleeding and mortality. Recent trials have demonstrated improved survival with shorter intervals to TXA administration. The aims of this service evaluation were to assess the interval from injury to TXA administration and describe the characteristics of patients who received TXA pre-hospital and in-hospital., Methods: We reviewed Trauma and Audit Research Network records and local trauma registries to identify patients of any age that received TXA at all London Major Trauma Centres and Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, during 2017. We used the 2016 NICE Guidelines (NG39) which state that TXA should be given within 3 hours of injury., Results: We identified 1018 patients who received TXA, of whom 661 (65%) had sufficient data to assess the time from injury to TXA administration. The median interval was 74 min (IQR: 47-116). 92% of patients received TXA within 3 hours from injury, and 59% within 1 hour. Half of the patients (54%) received prehospital TXA. The median time to TXA administration when given prehospital was 51 min (IQR: 39-72), and 112 min (IQR: 84-160) if given in-hospital (p<0.001). In-hospital TXA patients had less haemodynamic derangement and lower base deficit on admission compared with patients given prehospital TXA., Conclusion: Prehospital administration of TXA is associated with a shorter interval from injury to drug delivery. Identifying a proportion of patients at risk of haemorrhage remains a challenge. However, further reinforcement is needed to empower pre-hospital clinicians to administer TXA to trauma patients without overt signs of shock., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2019. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Managing post laparotomy pain in a contingency setting: the utility of rectus sheath catheters.
- Author
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Buxton W, Hunt D, and Joshi P
- Subjects
- Humans, Male, Military Medicine, Rectus Abdominis surgery, Catheters, Laparotomy adverse effects, Pain Management instrumentation, Pain Management methods, Pain, Postoperative drug therapy
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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