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Summary: Radio frequency identification device (RFID) has emerged as one of the most potential building blocks for future IoT‐enabled technologies. Various applications like logistic monitoring use the RFID system to deal with the tagged objects. RFID‐based tracking approach is extremely solicited for appropriate logistic distribution because of the frequent tagged‐objects rearrangements. Nevertheless, with an RFID system, one of the most significant issues is resolving collisions between tags as they transfer data to the reader at the same time. This work investigates the core issue of locating all lost tags in RFID systems. The most significant factor in missing tag recognition is to reduce the time required for execution. A problem needs to be formulated to differentiate the tagged objects' motion state, that is, static or dynamic, to handle this issue. It tracks the moving objects with various existing localization approaches. Finally, a tag detection known as constructive Steiner graph matching (CSGM) detection is proposed to achieve time efficiency by utilizing RFID collision signals. Specifically, the physical‐layer features are considered for differentiating the positions. Experimental outcomes demonstrate that the anticipated model can attain better prediction accuracy by reducing inventory time compared to other approaches. Simulation findings show that the suggested approach performs exceptionally well in giving a significant performance boost in an RFID system. It minimizes the complexity of tracking the objects. The simulation outcomes illustrate that the algorithm's identification speed is substantially enhanced and ensuring high system efficiency. The simulation results of the proposed algorithm have been improved in terms of system efficiency (9.5%), success rate (6.3%), and identification speed (4%) compared to the conventional algorithm. The suggested CSGM technique's average waiting time is decreased by more than 45.372%, and its detection speed is increased by at least 38.219% compared to other existing algorithms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Diterpenoid lactones and flavonoids are major bio‐active compounds of therapeutically important medicinal herb Andrographis paniculata (Burm.F.) Nees. The lack of a validated protocol for quality assurance of raw herbs is a significant issue for its wider use. A validated LC‐ESI‐MS/MS method developed using MRM mode for simultaneous determination of five diterpenoid lactones (andrographolide, neoandrographolide, andrograpanin, 14‐deoxy‐11,12‐didehydroandrographolide and andrographiside) along with two flavonoids (7‐O‐methylwogonin and apigenin). Chromatographic separation of seven analytes was achieved within 14 minutes in Alltima column (100×4.6 mm, 3 μm) using gradient elution. The developed method was accurate (97.77 to 101.17 %; recovery), precise (intra‐day and inter‐day %RSD of 0.22–2.19 and 1.01–3.68, respectively) and linear (R2 >0.99). To meet the regulatory obligation, uncertainty associated with the measurement was also evaluated by using different validation parameters. Developed method was successfully employed in analysing the analytes quality in different solvent extracts. Total diterpenoid lactones and flavonoids (DTLF) content was recorded highest in methanol extract (45.47 μg g−1) followed by ethanol (39.23 μg g−1) and lowermost content found in petroleum ether extract (0.38 μg g−1) in triplicate samples. Since the method is simple, rapid, sensitive, and accurate, it has potential role for quality evaluation of A. paniculata and its derived formulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psyllium (Plantago ovata Forsk.) is an important medicinal species cultivated throughout the semi‐arid areas in India. The seed coat, commercially known as psyllium husk, is used as a laxative for treating irritation of gastro‐intestinal tract and relieving constipation. There is an urgent need to enhance its productivity to make the crop more profitable. Artificial crossing is difficult in the species because of its small‐sized sessile florets that are compactly arranged on a soft inflorescence axis. Male sterility has been reported in the species; however, no conclusive studies have been conducted to reveal the inheritance, mode of action, and cytogenetic basis of male sterility. Hence, the purpose of this study was to determine (a) the histological and cytogenetic bases of anther development and microsporogenesis in male‐sterile and fertile plant types and (b) the genetic basis of male sterility. The study revealed that male sterility in psyllium was not attributable to meiotic abnormality or to tetrad abnormalities, but it was attributable to premature degradation of the tapetum layer, which subsequently causes the microspore degeneration, resulting in nonproduction of pollen grains. Male sterility was controlled by a single recessive gene, which was found to be stable across years and hence can easily be bred into any psyllium genotypes of breeders' choice. Newly developed male‐sterility‐maintainer line can be used to generate new sets of male‐sterile lines for hybrid seed production or harnessing hybrid vigor in the field. Core Ideas: Male sterility mechanism and genetics has been revealed in psyllium.In psyllium, meiosis and tetrad formation are normal in both sterile and fertile lines.Male sterility is due to the premature degradation of tapetum layer in the anther sac.Male sterility is controlled by a single recessive gene and stable across years/generations.Newly developed male sterile maintainer line can be used in hybrid vigor/ molecular genetics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]