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In recent times, both research and feminist movements have made it clear that there is Sexual Harassment (SH) in Mexican universities and which causes terrible academic, social, and emotional consequences for the victims. This research aims to measure SH at Universidad Pedagógica Nacional (UPN), a public university localized in Mexico City. Specifically, in this paper we: a) determined levels of SH, b) compared the percentage of people who had suffered at least one SH behavior in different campuses, and c) analyzed the open comments shared by the students. The instrument was applied to 645 students from the different campuses between October 19 and November 24, 2021. It was found that, unfortunately, there are behaviors with all levels of violence in UPN. Students were the ones who carried out the largest number of behaviors, but teachers carried out some of the most violent. Significant differences were found in the levels of SH that occur in different campuses. We believe that this paper provides relevant information to design better strategies to combat this problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Among the Latin American countries, the Mexican economy has shown since the late 1990’s one of the lowest rates of economic growth. This is perplexing, because of the persistency of the stagnation tendencies, and because of the rapid growth shown by its exports, especially to the US, that reached $370 billion in 2018. The poor economic performance has had adverse consequences in terms of unemployment, emigration, social conflict, and especially in terms of the losses of female and male youth employment. This paper seeks to explain the causes of Mexico’s economic stagnation. The methodology consists of the estimation of cointegration equations that express per capita economic growth as a function of the growth of labor productivity, plus the growth of the female and male employment to population ratios. Additional equations were estimated to identify the variables that explain the growth of productivity and of employment ratios and to estimate the role of deindustrialization in economic stagnation. An analysis was made of the role of female employment on the mobilization of domestic savings, on the determination of the deficit in the trade account, and on the constraint exerted by the balance of payments on growth. The source of data was the World Bank’s World Development Indicators. The results indicated that female employment is an important determinant of external solvency and contributes to overcoming the balance of payments constrain on economic growth. Another salient result is the negative impact of youth unemployment on labor productivity and the negative impact of the percentage of young women that neither study nor work on economic growth. The policy implications are related to the importance of promoting male and female employment with a view towards accelerating economic growth, and the need to establish measures to facilitate women's entry into the labor market. This would require the establishment of national networks of childcare centers, the expansion of early childhood education, improving the quality of education, and increasing wages. As well, policies must be implemented to promote the reindustrialization and reagriculturalization of the Mexican economy to obtain national selfsufficiency and security and impart dynamism to economic growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic and particularly, mitigation measures taken by government institutions in Mexico, such as the closure of all schools at all levels of education, have brought strong regressive consequences in terms of both education and gender equality. In this paper, we start from a theoretical framework of gender and family to analyze, along with the negative repercussions of this measure (especially for women and children), an embodied experience of upbringing and community education in Mexico. This experience seeks to preserve educational and labor rights violated by school closures such as sociability, guardianship and custody of minors, the right to a life free of violence, work-life balance, among others. Our aim is to suggest some keys for an ecofeminist and community solution to the education crisis in this country. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reflects on the gender perspective, historicization and decolonization as part of a theoretical-methodological proposal, to understand the gender systems that support masculinities and models of being a man, linked to reproduction and contemporary indigenous survival in Mexico. It constitutes a first effort of reflective analysis, on how to approach these ethnicized and gendered realities, specifically on masculinities and being a man. To do this, we start by discussing the contributions of some gender studies of men and masculinities, which do not constitute an exhaustive and updated review, but only an approximation to the growing knowledge base, to support the methodological proposal with which it seeks to understand the patriarchal, heterosexist and colonizing constraints on men and women of indigenous peoples. In this work, it is argued that re-readings of these realities are required through theoretical-methodological proposals that are sensitive to these realities, in order to stop the homogenizing views of the indigenous gendered subject, specifically the masculinized one from westernized gender systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Women's representation at the top is still an issue on the agenda for equality. In this paper, we contribute to the literature on the effect of female application reviewers on the performance of women in selection processes. We define gender bias as any differential treatment of female and male applicants. We are particularly interested in whether the gender of the evaluator plays a role in this bias. Using a unique dataset from Mexico, we exploit the fact that applicants cannot select their evaluators and vice versa, that the gender composition of the reviewers chosen is unknown to individual evaluators, and that information is available on the scoring of different aspects of the application. Even though the pairing of applicants to evaluators is not entirely random, we show that the results are robust to specifications and sample restrictions where random assignment is much more likely. The key results are as follows. First, female evaluators assign male applicants a score close to 0.10 standard deviations higher than male evaluators. Second, male reviewers score male and female applicants similarly. Third, female reviewers grade female applicants more harshly than male applicants (by 0.04-0.05 standard deviations), although the estimate is imprecise. We explore three possible mechanisms behind these results and find evidence consistent with gender stereotyping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]