Search

Based on the actual processing of Xuan paper surface sizing, we used bone glue solution with mass fractions of 0.5–2.5% to apply manual drag-dye surface sizing. Organic elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, surface pH determination, water contact angle measurement, dynamic vapour sorption, and thermogravimetric analysis were used to characterize the bone glue content, surface properties and thermal stability of the sized Xuan paper. Different bone glue concentrations were retained uniformly and effectively on Xuan paper. The surface morphology of Xuan paper changed significantly after sizing due to the bone glue coating on the fibres and the fibre network. With an increase in sizing concentration from 1.0 to 1.5%, the hydrophobicity of the sizing Xuan paper's surface increased considerably. The weak acidity of bone glue solution lowered Xuan paper's surface pH. Increasing bone glue concentration can boost Xuan paper's saturation moisture absorption. When bone glue concentration was over 1.0%, sized Xuan paper's moisture absorption rate increased, while sized Xuan paper with a concentration below 1.0% showed a slight inhibition of moisture absorption within a certain humidity range. The sized Xuan paper with a concentration of 1.0% had a more stable and slower hygroscopic reaction in the absorption–desorption cycle. As bone glue concentration increased, Xuan paper's initial moisture content decreased and then increased, with the lowest value for sized Xuan paper at 1.0% concentration. The sized Xuan paper with a concentration of 1.0% bone glue showed the best thermal stability. Surface sizing should have little effect on Xuan paper's calcium carbonate content, but bone glue complicated its thermal behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of China Pulp & Paper is the property of China Pulp & Paper Magazines Publisher and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Within the Master's course "Civil Engineering" at TU Darmstadt, a project has to be carried out. In the winter term 2018/2019 this was the design and fabrication of a bridge spanning 6 m and made entirely from paper. Students had to find bridge types suitable for the use of paper, develop and optimise cross sections and bracing systems and furthermore prove the load bearing capacity. This included the use of experimental methods explicitly. Finally, the bridge had to be erected crossing a small creek. No materials other than paper, cardboard and glue were allowed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of paper properties on the strength of starch gluing for Kraft sack papers has been investigated. We analyzed the effect of surface roughness, wettability and glue penetration. Surface roughness was found not to be related to gluing strength, also surface wetting measured by contact angle showed only a weak relation. Liquid penetration measured by ultrasound (ULP) was found to have a substantial correlation to gluing strength. Comparing ULP liquid penetration speed with actual glue uptake during the gluing process we found that they are only moderately connected. We are attributing this to the fact that the penetration and spreading of the glue on the paper is driven by applying an external pressure during the gluing process, which is not the case for the liquid penetration measurement. Investigating how asymmetrical glue penetration affects gluing strength we found that the relationship was low. The best indication for gluing strength turned out to be the surface wetting/substrate swelling parameter from the ultrasonic liquid penetration measurement. We conclude that the main parameter capturing gluing strength combines the influence of fiber wetting and penetration of the glue into the fibers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the literature of the last century, there was the recurrent claim that an orchid called amatzauhtli was used as an adhesive in the manufacture and repair of indigenous Mexican handmade paper or amate—an attestation some scholars still repeat even today. Here, we describe the present use of the orchid Cyrtopodium macrobulbon in the final step of amate papermaking in the village of San Pablito, Puebla. After amate sheets are dried on and subsequently peeled from wooden boards, the pseudobulbs of the orchid are cut and used as an adhesive to patch over any holes or other imperfections that remain on the paper. Cyrtopodium macrobulbon is locally called küiä by Otomí papermakers, which they translate to Spanish as "pegamento" (glue). We also suggest that the amatzauhtli described in the sixteenth century by Hernández—widely reported as Epidendrum pastoris—actually refers to a very different species, Trichocentrum pachyphyllum, and we discuss the putative use of this and other orchids in pre-Hispanic amate making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study describes the development of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs) using carbon-based paste combining silicone glue and graphite powder. The ePADs were manufactured using the screen-printing technique, which consisted of depositing the conductive ink on a screencast on the paper surface. In addition, an alternative electrical connector was designed and 3D-printed to make the detection method cheaper, portable and reproducible. The morphological, structural, and electrochemical properties of the conductive material developed were investigated through scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements. The ePADs combined with the alternative connector revealed high repeatability, reproducibility, and stable responses considering a well-known redox probe ([Fe(CN) 6 ]4-/3-). In addition, the proposed ePAD provided a linear response for standard solutions of ascorbic acid (AA) in the concentration range between 0.1 and 2.0 mmol L−1. The achieved limit of detection was 4.0 μmol L−1. As proof of applicability, the ePADs were evaluated for AA analysis in synthetic biofluids (blood plasma and urine), vitamin C tablets, and food (gelatine and orange juice) samples. The analytical parameters of the proposed device were compared with other reports in the literature and exhibited similar or even superior performance, highlighting its feasibility for sensing applications. [Display omitted] • A carbon-based ink prepared by mixing graphite powder and silicone glue was used to develop screen-printed electrodes on paper. • An inexpensive 3D printed holder ensured simple assembling and suitable reproducibility. • Paper-based sensors revealed great stability and analytical performance. • Ascorbic acid was successfully determined in different samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jelly glue made of gelatin is frequently used in the packaging industry. The purpose of this study is to determine whether starch and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which were introduced at a 1.0% concentration, could be used to develop with improvement in the performance properties of jelly adhesives that are being prepared. By examining viscosities at different temperatures, pH, water contact angles, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), tensile strength on wood and setting speed observation on coated paper, and performing pencil hardness tests on films, the effect of adding starch and PVA as a binder on physical, thermal, and mechanical properties were studied. When starch and PVA were added to the jelly glue, DSC data showed a substantial rise in the glass transition temperature, which were further confirmed by film hardness testing. The addition of starch increased the adhesive's viscosities at different temperatures. When compared to an original sample, the tensile strength with starch increased by ~ 74% after 24 h of bonding in a dry environment. The jelly adhesive with starch showed increased in water resistance which was also validated from contact angle test. Unlike PVA-based jelly glue, the hydrogen bonding in starch and gelatin showed superior mechanical properties. This research discusses starch as a potential substitute for the development of jelly adhesive. The technique developed offers an easy and useful path to adhesives with increased water resistance and bonding strength by using starch as a binder. Ecologically sound, sustainable, and economically acceptable were the methods used to increase jelly adhesive's resistance to moisture. The study's overall finding highlights the superior and sustainable adhesive performance of jelly glue based on starch as a packaging adhesive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Frieze patterns have been introduced by Coxeter [Acta Arith. 18 (1971), pp. 297–310] in the 1970's and have recently attracted renewed interest due to their close connection with Fomin-Zelevinsky's cluster algebras. Frieze patterns can be interpreted as assignments of values to the diagonals of a triangulated polygon satisfying certain conditions for crossing diagonals (Ptolemy relations). Weak friezes, as introduced by Çanakçı and Jørgensen [Adv. in Appl. Math. 131 (2021), Paper No. 102253], are generalizing this concept by allowing to glue dissected polygons so that the Ptolemy relations only have to be satisfied for crossings involving one of the gluing diagonals. To any frieze pattern one can associate a symmetric matrix using a triangular fundamental domain of the frieze pattern in the upper and lower half of the matrix and putting zeroes on the diagonal. Broline, Crowe and Isaacs [Geometriae Dedicata 3 (1974), pp. 171–176] have found a formula for the determinants of these matrices and their work has later been generalized in various directions by other authors. These frieze pattern determinants are the main focus of our paper. As our main result we show that this determinant behaves well with respect to gluing weak friezes: the determinant is the product of the determinants for the pieces glued, up to a scalar factor coming from the gluing diagonal. Then we give several applications of this result, showing that formulas from the literature, obtained by Broline-Crowe-Isaacs, Baur-Marsh [J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 119 (2012), pp. 1110–1122], Bessenrodt-Holm-Jørgensen [J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 123 (2014), pp. 30–42] and Maldonado [ Frieze matrices and infinite frieze patterns with coefficients , Preprint, arXiv: 2207.04120 , 2022] can all be obtained as consequences of our result. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using the events of the HBO series Westworld (2016–2022) as a springboard, this paper attempts to elicit a number of philosophical arguments, dilemmas, and questions concerning technology and artificial intelligence (AI). The paper is intended to encourage readers to learn more about intriguing technophilosophical debates. The first section discusses the dispute between memory and consciousness in the context of an artificially intelligent robot. The second section delves into the issues of reality and morality for humans and AI. The final segment speculates on the potential of a social interaction between sentient AI and humans. The narrative of the show serves as a glue that binds together the various ideas that are covered during the show, which in turn makes the philosophical discussions more intriguing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper accounts for the diagnostic campaign aimed at understanding the phenomenon of black stains appeared on the passepartout close to the margins of Folio 843 of Leonardo da Vinci's Codex Atlanticus. Previous studies excluded microbiological deterioration processes. The study is based on a multi-analytical approach, including non-invasive imaging measurements of the folio, micro-imaging and synchrotron spectroscopy investigations of passepartout fragments at different magnifications and spectral ranges. Photoluminescence hyperspectral and lifetime imaging highlighted that black stains are not composed of fluorescent materials. μATR-FTIR imaging of fragments from the passepartout revealed the presence of a mixture of starch and PVAc glues localized only in the stained areas close to the margin of the folio. FE-SEM observations showed that the dark stains are localized inside cavities formed among cellulose fibers, where an accumulation of inorganic roundish particles (∅100–200 nm in diameter size), composed of Hg and S, was detected. Finally, by employing synchrotron μXRF, μXANES and HR-XRD analyses it was possible to identify these particles as metacinnabar (β-HgS). Further research is needed to assess the chemical process leading to the metacinnabar formation in the controlled conservation condition of Leonardo's Codex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the second paper in a series of papers addressing the characteristic gluing problem for the Einstein vacuum equations. We solve the codimension-10 characteristic gluing problem for characteristic data which are close to the Minkowski data. We derive an infinite-dimensional space of gauge-dependent charges and a 10-dimensional space of gauge-invariant charges that are conserved by the linearized null constraint equations and act as obstructions to the gluing problem. The gauge-dependent charges can be matched by applying angular and transversal gauge transformations of the characteristic data. By making use of a special hierarchy of radial weights of the null constraint equations, we construct the null lapse function and the conformal geometry of the characteristic hypersurface, and we show that the aforementioned charges are in fact the only obstructions to the gluing problem. Modulo the gauge-invariant charges, the resulting solution of the null constraint equations is C m + 2 for any specified integer m ≥ 0 in the tangential directions and C 2 in the transversal directions to the characteristic hypersurface. We also show that higher-order (in all directions) gluing is possible along bifurcated characteristic hypersurfaces (modulo the gauge-invariant charges). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Molecular glues, which reshape E3 ligase receptors to promote targeted protein degradation, are emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy, particularly in oncology, driven by rapidly advancing insights into their mechanisms and structural properties. Objective: This study aims to offer an insightful depiction and visualization of the knowledge structure, prevalent themes, and emerging trends within the domain since the year 2000, employing bibliometric analysis to achieve this goal. Methods: To conduct this research, a comprehensive collection of literature on molecular glues was sourced from the Web of Science database. Subsequently, the data underwent analysis utilizing CiteSpace and VOSviewer tools, enabling the identification of pivotal countries, institutions, authors, and journals, as well as the delineation of subject hotspots, trends, and the forefront of research in this evolving field. Result: Since 2000, 388 papers on molecular glues have been published, with a notable increase to an annual average of 43 articles post-2018. This research, contributed by 506 authors across 329 institutions, highlights the United States and China as leading nations in output, with 122 and 104 articles respectively. Takuzo Aida, Luc Brunsveld, and Christian Ottmann are identified as key authors. Nature emerges as the foremost publication venue, while the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the top contributing institution, underscoring the global engagement and interdisciplinary nature of molecular glue research. This study identified 19 distinct research clusters within the molecular glues domain. Conclusion: We reveal the current status, hotspots, and trends of molecular glue research since 2000, offering insights and novel scholarly perspectives on the field's prevailing limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Direct abrasion provides a cost effective way to deposit tungsten disulphide (WS2) on paper substrates. • The deposited film electrical resistance strongly depends on the applied mechanical strain. • The gauge factor can reach values up to ~70, one order of magnitude larger than similar devices with graphite sensing layer. • Paper-supported strain gauges can be used to monitor deformations in resonators and to measure forces and masses. • These strain gauges can be interesting in disposable electronic applications. [Display omitted] Environmentally friendly and low-cost sensors are needed for the next generation disposable electronics applications. Given its low-cost, availability and biodegradability, paper-based devices are a very promising. Here we demonstrate the fabrication of a tungsten disulphide (WS 2) strain sensor on standard copy paper. The WS 2 is deposited through direct abrasion of WS 2 powder against the paper surface making the fabrication of the device low-tech and cost effective. The fabricated strain gauge devices present gauge factors up to ~70 for strains in the±0.5% range. These values are ~ 9 times larger than that obtained on devices with the same geometry but using a graphite film instead a WS 2 as a sensitive material. We demonstrate the potential of these WS 2 -on-paper strain gauges by integrating them directly on a paper cantilever to sense mass and forces. We show how this very simple device can detect sub-milligram masses. Moreover, we also demonstrate the capability of transducing motion in mechanical resonators by gluing a WS 2 -on-paper strain gauge on their surface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of three-dimensional continuum models for paperboard is an active field and the need for reliable measurements to calibrate and validate such models is evident. An experimental device and protocol for cyclic out-of-plane loading is developed. This loading sequence is present during converting operations of paperboard. The experimental tests reveals that the commonly observed soft initial non-linear response during out-of-plane compression is a structural effect that stems from the surface roughness rather than being an inherent material behavior. A gluing procedure, used to perform cyclic out-of-plane loading, is mitigating the effect of the surface roughness. Several novel cyclic loading experiments are performed, alternating between compression and tension which indicates that fiber bonds are not recovered in compression after they have been broken through delamination. Measurements also show that the transition in compression and tension is continuous, hence the use of a switch function present in a number of constitutive continuum models for paperboard is deemed questionable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A facile method is reported to develop glass-based analytical devices (GADs) based on immobilizing nanomaterials on a glass substrate with fluorescent glue. The fluorescent glue was first prepared by coupling bovine serum albumin (BSA)-protected Au nanoclusters (NCs) and sugars (i.e., ascorbic acid, AA). The glue was then used to immobilize carbon dots (C-dots) on glass substrates to fabricate the portable GADs. The liquid glue-C-dots mixture and probable GADs were developed for Hg2+ detection. Under 365-nm excitation wavelength, the emission at 652 nm from the glue is gradually quenched with increasing concentrations of Hg2+. This quenching is explained in terms of the Stern-Volmer equation and is ascribed to static quenching. The fluorescent color of the glue and GADs gradually changes from pink to blue, with increasing concentrations of Hg2+. The limits of detection (LODs) for Hg2+ determination by bare eyes are 1 nM both for the glue and GADs, suggesting an uncompromised sensing capability even after immobilization. The detection sensitivity of GADs shows a significant improvement compared with the same material-based papers (5 μM). A linear relationship is observed between the total Euclidean distances (EDs) and Hg2+ concentration in the range 0–100 nM, providing the potential for Hg2+ quantification using GADs. The LOD is estimated to be 0.84 nM. To show a potentially practical application, the GADs were used to detect Hg2+ in certified reference material and lake water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider a mathematical model which describes the equilibrium of two elastic membranes fixed on their boundary and attached to an adhesive body, say a glue. The variational formulation of the model is in a form of an elliptic quasivariational inequality for the displacement field. We prove the unique weak solvability of the model, and then we state and prove a convergence result, for which we provide the corresponding mechanical interpretation. Next, we consider two associated optimization problems for which we provide existence results. Finally, we the present numerical simulation which validates our convergence result. We end this paper with some concluding remarks and an Appendix, in which we present the preliminary material needed in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a previous paper we have compared the Hochschild cohomology groups of finite dimensional monomial algebras under gluing two idempotents. In the present paper, we compare the Hochschild cohomology groups of finite dimensional monomial algebras under gluing two arrows. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Automobile Technology & Material is the property of Automobile Technology & Material Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, let (A,C,B) be a recollement of extriangulated categories. We construct a silting object and a tilting object from the two end terms of a recollement. We also show that the reverse direction holds under natural assumptions. Moreover, we show that our gluing preserves cotorsion pairs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The steel–aluminum hybrid body closure panels can achieve a more balanced and lightweight performance. However, the differences in the physical properties of metal sheets and the complex changes in the properties of the adhesive material result in cumulative deviations in the composite-forming process. This paper proposes a deformation pre-compensation modeling method for the autobody closure panels hemming system oriented towards the process chain, in response to the problem that single-process optimization cannot obtain global optimal results. Taking the car door scaled model as an example, based on surface reconstruction and node compensation, the curing deformation amount is fed back in advance to the gluing and hemming processes. The deformation deviation is corrected through geometric parameter pre-compensation to achieve overall process shape control and optimization. Research shows that this method can significantly reduce the surface differences and gaps of hemming structures with dissimilar materials, and a single iteration can reduce the assembly surface difference by more than 90%. This provides a reference for improving the manufacturing quality of steel–aluminum hybrid body closure panels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Guo Xiang 郭象 (d. 312) holds a unique place in the history of Chinese thought. The only Zhuangzi we have access to is the version heavily edited, likely changed, and perhaps even rewritten by Guo Xiang. However, his commentary on this Daoist classic is not simply an explanation of what the Zhuangzi says, and in many ways, it is not even a development of the thought found within this text—though at times it is indeed both. Reading Guo's work reveals a complex philosophical system that critically reimagines some of the key terminologies in early Chinese thought, as well as core assumptions about what things are (being) and how they interact (action). This paper seeks to provide a sketch of Guo Xiang's metaphysical appreciation of being and action by investigating his unique understanding of the relevant terms and their interrelation. Most scholars see ziran 自然 "self-so" as the conceptual glue that holds Guo's complex system together. In this paper, I will argue that xing 性, which may be translated as "nature" or "natural dispositions" is more fundamental. In other words, without properly appreciating how Guo conceives of xing, interpretations of Guo's philosophy can easily go awry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As sensors operating at the edge continue to evolve, the amount of data that edge devices need to process is increasing. Cloud computing methods have been proposed to process complex data on edge devices that are powered by limited resources. However, the existing cloud computing approach, which provides services from servers determined at the compile stage on the edge, is not suitable for the metamorphic edge device proposed in this paper. Therefore, we have realized the operation of metamorphic edge devices by changing the service that accelerates the application in real time according to the surrounding environmental conditions on the edge device. The on-cloud linking approach separates the code for communication from the edge and server into a linkable glue layer. The separated communication code in the linkable glue layer is reconfigured in real time according to the environment of the edge device. To verify the computational acceleration of cloud computing and the real-time service change of the metamorphic edge device, we operated services that perform matrix multiplication operations with one process, two processes, and four processes in parallel on the edge–cloud system based on the on-cloud linking approach. Through the experiments, it was confirmed that the on-cloud linking approach changes the service provided in real time according to changes in external environmental data without changing the code built into the edge. When a square matrix operation with 1000 rows was loaded onto the proposed platform, the size of the code embedded into the edge device decreased by 8.88% and the operation time decreased by 96.7%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A d-dimensional framework is a pair (G,p), where G is a graph and p maps the vertices of G to points in Rd. The edges of G are mapped to the corresponding line segments. A graph G is said to be globally rigid in Rd if every generic d-dimensional framework (G,p) is determined, up to congruence, by its edge lengths. A finer property is global linkedness: we say that a vertex pair {u,v} of G is globally linked in G in Rd if in every generic d-dimensional framework (G,p) the distance of u and v is uniquely determined by the edge lengths. In this paper we investigate globally linked pairs in graphs in Rd. We give several characterizations of those rigid graphs G in which a pair {u,v} is globally linked if and only if there exist d+1 internally disjoint paths from u to v in G. We call these graphs d-joined. Among others, we show that G is d-joined if and only if for each pair of generic frameworks of G with the same edge lengths, one can be obtained from the other by a sequence of partial reflections along hyperplanes determined by d-separators of G. We also show that the family of d-joined graphs is closed under edge addition, as well as under gluing along d or more vertices. As a key ingredient to our main results, we prove that rigid graphs in Rd contain no crossing d-separators. Our results give rise to new families of graphs for which global linkedness (and global rigidity) in Rd can be tested in polynomial time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-layer glue-free composite filmss ba,sed on a PP/EVA/ela,stomer blending,sy,stem were prepared through melt blending and ca,st co-extrusion using EVA a,s an adhe,sive layer and different easterners a,s a compatibilizer for the PP core layer and adhesive layer. The resultant blending system was analyzed by means of mechanical tessts, rheological tessts, and sscanning electron microsscopy, and the propertiess of the compossite filmss were inve,stigated. The ressuta indicated that there wa,s an optimal bonding effect on paper when using the EVA containing 18 wt% vinyl acetate. The PBE easterner exhibited a more ssignificant improvement in the mechanical properties* than POE. The glass transition temperature of PP and EVA increased gradually with an increase in the PBE content, and meanwhile the curvature of Cole-Cole also increased gradually, indicating that the compatibility between PP and EVA became better and better. When the content of PBE in the EVA adhesive layer was; 30 wt%, the tensile sstrength of the composite films; reached a maximum value of 29 MPa. The adhesive strength of the composite films with paper reached at maximum value of 9 N/15 mm at a PBE content of 20 wt%. The core layer and adhesive layer cannot be peeled off for the compossite filmss at a PBE content of 25 wt%. The compossite filmss are robust without delamination in thiss ca,se. The optimal loading of PBE in the adhe,sive layer wa,s determined to be 25 wt%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let F be a Morse–Bott foliation on the solid torus T = S 1 × D 2 into 2-tori parallel to the boundary and one singular central circle. Gluing two copies of T by some diffeomorphism between their boundaries, one gets a lens space L p , q with a Morse–Bott foliation F p , q obtained from F on each copy of T and thus consisting of two singular circles and parallel 2-tori. In the previous paper Khokliuk and Maksymenko (J Homotopy Relat Struct 18:313–356. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40062-023-00328-z, 2024) there were computed weak homotopy types of the groups D lp (F p , q) of leaf preserving (i.e. leaving invariant each leaf) diffeomorphisms of such foliations. In the present paper it is shown that the inclusion of these groups into the corresponding group D + fol (F p , q) of foliated (i.e. sending leaves to leaves) diffeomorphisms which do not interchange singular circles are homotopy equivalences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we characterize trees with a strong secure domination number less than or equal to 4 and compute this parameter for certain classes of graphs. Also, we investigate bounds for the strong secure domination number of vertex gluing of two graphs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micro LED displays are widely acknowledged as forthcoming display innovations. However, due to the micro LED device size reductions, the light extraction efficiency of micro LED devices will be compromised. This paper extends the EQE equation and implement a LEE secondary optics (the secondary optics of light extraction efficiency) factor. The paper also presents few directions to enhance the normal angle light intensity for micro LED displays. Our sample preparations have confirmed that a white glue layer can bring about an improvement of over 100%, and a lens with a protection layer can also boost the normal angle light intensity by 45%. Considering the overall display performance including surface reflection, we simulated a condition that can improve the normal angle light intensity by over 70% in micro LED displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The proportion of bamboo material used in industrial production has increased year by year. The glue laminated bamboo (GLB) is a kind of bamboo engineering material. GLB can be used in modern buildings, bridges, furniture and other fields. It is necessary to study its mechanical properties, especially its creep properties. In the paper, the short-term creep performance of GLB is studied at four stress levels. At first, the Burgers rheological model (BRM) and the improved Burgers rheological model (IBRM) are used to study the creep properties of GLB. The parameters of the two models are obtained by fitting the experimental data. The results show that BRM is only suitable for the elastic deformation part of the GLB material. But the nonlinear viscosity coefficient is introduced into IBRM, so it can better describe the creep characteristics of GLB. On this basis, IBRM and BRM are used to predict the long-term creep performance of GLB based on the obtained creep parameters. The results show that the prediction error of BRM is large, and the prediction result of IBRM is in good agreement with the experimental data. It shows that IBRM is more suitable to describe the creep characteristics of GLB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, the practical issues connected with guided wave measurement are studied: (1) the influence of gluing of PZT plate actuators (NAC2013) on generated elastic wave propagation, (2) the repeatability of PZT transducers attachment, and (3) the assessment of the possibility of comparing the results of Laser Doppler Vibrometry (LDV) measurement performed on different 2D samples. The consideration of these questions is crucial in the context of the assessment of the possibility of the application of the guided wave phenomenon to structural health-monitoring systems, e.g., in civil engineering. In the examination, laboratory tests on the web of steel I-section specimens were conducted. The size and shape of the specimens were developed in such a way that they were similar to the elements typically used in civil engineering structures. It was proved that the highest amplitude of the generated wave was obtained when the exciters were glued using wax. The repeatability and durability of this connection type were the weakest. Due to this reason, it was not suitable for practical use outside the laboratory. The permanent glue application gave a stable connection between the exciter and the specimen, but the generated signal had the lowest amplitude. In the paper, the new procedure dedicated to objective analysis and comparison of the elastic waves propagating on the surface of different specimens was proposed. In this procedure, the genetic algorithms help with the determination of a new coordinate system, in which the assessment of the quality of wave propagation in different directions is possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Formaldehyde-free liquid adhesives derived from biomass are attractive candidates to petroleum-based counterparts. However, developing solid bio-adhesive with excellent wet strength and bonding performances remains a lasting challenge. Here, we report a bio-composite sheet consisting of soybean flour, paper, and cross-linking agent (Polyamidoamine-epichlorohydrin, PAE), and its wet strength and bonding performances was evaluated by paper straw and plywood application. The covalent crosslinking by the reaction of soybean protein and PAE plays a major role in the enhancement of various properties of the cured bio-composite sheet. The tensile stress of cured bio-composite sheet was only lower than the prototype sample 14.5% after 100 ℃ water soaking treatment for 2 h. Paper straw rolled from the bio-composite sheet displayed boiling water stable at the same condition, while had better flexural strength and natural degradability than the plastic straw. Bonding strength of plywood boned with bio-composite sheet reached 1.38 MPa, which was exceeded 97.1% than the requirement of the Chinese National Standard GB/T 9846–2015 for interior plywood. Given the simple and general strategy, the products based on bio-composite sheet can potentially be a new approach on the use of biomass adhesives, which also be a suitable solution to solve the environmental challenges (e.g., formaldehyde) in the field of biomass-based composites. • An eco-friendly bio-composite sheet was fabricated by a 'green' approach. • The bio-composite sheet displays excellent wet bonding performance. • The cured bio-composite sheet has excellent mechanical and wet strength. • The resultant paper straws show high hydrostability and natural degradability. • The resultant plywood can meet the requirements for interior application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the third paper in a series of papers adressing the characteristic gluing problem for the Einstein vacuum equations. We provide full details of our characteristic gluing (including the 10 charges) of strongly asymptotically flat data to the data of a suitably chosen Kerr spacetime. The choice of the Kerr spacetime crucially relies on relating the 10 charges to the ADM energy, linear momentum, angular momentum and the center-of-mass. As a corollary, we obtain an alternative proof of the Corvino-Schoen spacelike gluing construction for strongly asymptotically flat spacelike initial data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is aimed at traditional vegetable grafting using a large number of plastic clips, which cannot be recycled in time and cause serious pollution within the planting environment. This paper proposes a new grafting method based on a UV adhesive instead of plastic clips. First of all, a UV adhesive spray grafting device was designed. The structure includes seedling adsorption positioning mechanisms, a butt joint mechanism, a handling mechanism, a spray valve, a UV curing lamp, etc., to facilitate the adhesive spraying. For the rootstock and scion, a horizontal, lateral seedling and negative pressure adsorption and positioning method is adopted, with fluid dynamics simulation of the diameter and quantity of the adsorption holes in the rootstock adsorption mechanism carried out using Fluent 2022 R1 software and completion of the optimization of the parameters of the adsorption and positioning mechanism. The fluid volume method is used to simulate the adsorption and positioning mechanism. For optimization, the volume of fluid method (VOF) and the discrete particle method (DPM) are used in a coupled simulation of the UV adhesive spraying process, and the value range of the spraying influencing factors is determined: the selected glue pressure, atomization pressure, and spraying height for three-factor, three-level orthogonal simulation. A grafting test is also verification, deriving the significance ranking of their impact on the success rate of the grafting: atomization pressure > spraying height > glue pressure. Under the condition of a 0.25 Mpa atomization pressure, a 0.15 Mpa glue supply pressure, and a 10 mm spraying height, the grafting success rate for watermelon was 100%, the effective spraying rate was 83.03%, the healing success rate was 94.5%, and the length of the film was 7.86 mm. The results of the study can provide a research basis for the research and development of new types of spraying and grafting robot technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper gives a geometric interpretation of bordered Heegaard Floer homology for manifolds with torus boundary. If M is such a manifold, we show that the type D structure \widehat {CFD}(M) may be viewed as a set of immersed curves decorated with local systems in \partial M. These curves-with-decoration are invariants of the underlying three-manifold up to regular homotopy of the curves and isomorphism of the local systems. Given two such manifolds and a homeomorphism h between the boundary tori, the Heegaard Floer homology of the closed manifold obtained by gluing with h is obtained from the Lagrangian intersection Floer homology of the curve-sets. This machinery has several applications: We establish that the dimension of \widehat {HF} decreases under a certain class of degree one maps (pinches) and we establish that the existence of an essential separating torus gives rise to a lower bound on the dimension of \widehat {HF}. In particular, it follows that a prime rational homology sphere Y with \widehat {HF}(Y)<5 must be geometric. Other results include a new proof of Eftekhary's theorem that L-space homology spheres are atoroidal; a complete characterization of toroidal L-spaces in terms of gluing data; and a proof of a conjecture of Hom, Lidman, and Vafaee on satellite L-space knots. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We construct minimal surfaces by gluing singly periodic Karcher–Scherk saddle towers along their wings. Such constructions were previously implemented assuming a horizontal reflection plane. We break this symmetry by prescribing phase differences between the saddle towers. It turns out that, in addition to the previously known horizontal balancing condition, the saddle towers must also be balanced under a subtle vertical interaction. This interaction vanishes in the presence of a horizontal reflection plane, hence was not perceived in previous works. Our construction will be presented in a series of papers. In this first paper of the series, we will explain the background of the project and establish the graph theoretical setup that will be useful for all papers in the series. The main task of the current paper is to glue saddle towers into triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMSs). Our construction expands many previously known TPMSs into new 5-parameter families, therefore significantly advances our knowledge on the space of TPMSs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The previous Emerging Trends article (Church et al., 2021. Natural Language Engineering27(5), 631–645.) introduced deep nets to poets. Poets is an imperfect metaphor, intended as a gesture toward inclusion. The future for deep nets will benefit by reaching out to a broad audience of potential users, including people with little or no programming skills, and little interest in training models. That paper focused on inference, the use of pre-trained models, as is, without fine-tuning. The goal of this paper is to make fine-tuning more accessible to a broader audience. Since fine-tuning is more challenging than inference, the examples in this paper will require modest programming skills, as well as access to a GPU. Fine-tuning starts with a general purpose base (foundation) model and uses a small training set of labeled data to produce a model for a specific downstream application. There are many examples of fine-tuning in natural language processing (question answering (SQuAD) and GLUE benchmark), as well as vision and speech. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Information Library Magazine 'INFOLIB' is the property of National Library of Uzbekistan named after Alisher Navoi and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this paper, we consider the Hamiltonian analysis of Yang–Mills theory and some variants of it in three space–time dimensions using the Schrödinger representation. This representation, although technically more involved than the usual covariant formulation, may be better suited for some nonperturbative issues. Specifically for the Yang–Mills theory, we explain how to set up the Hamiltonian formulation in terms of manifestly gauge-invariant variables and set up an expansion scheme for solving the Schrödinger equation. We review the calculation of the string tension, the Casimir energy and the propagator mass and compare with the results from lattice simulations. The computation of the first set of corrections to the string tension, string breaking effects, extensions to the Yang–Mills–Chern–Simons theory and to the supersymmetric cases are also discussed. We also comment on how entanglement for the vacuum state can be formulated in terms of the BFK gluing formula. This paper concludes with a discussion of the status and prospects of this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Physics research is constantly pursuing more efficient silicon detectors, often trying to develop complex and optimized geometries, thus leading to non-trivial engineering challenges. Although critical for this optimization, there are few silicon tile mechanical data available in the literature. In an attempt to partially fill this gap, the present work details various mechanical-related aspects of spaceborne silicon detectors. Specifically, this study concerns three experimental campaigns with different objectives: a mechanical characterization of the material constituting the detector (in terms of density, elastic, and failure properties), an analysis of the adhesive effect on the loads, and a wirebond vibrational endurance campaign performed on three different unpotted samples. By collecting and discussing the experimental results, this work aims to fulfill its purpose of providing insight into the mechanical problems associated with this specific application and procuring input data of paramount importance. For the study to be complete, the perspective taken is broader than mere silicon analysis and embraces all related aspects; i.e., the detector–structure adhesive interface and the structural integrity of wirebonds. In summary, this paper presents experimental data on the material properties of silicon detectors, the impact of the adhesive on the gluing stiffness, and unpotted wirebond vibrational endurance. At the same time, the discussion of the results furnishes an all-encompassing view of the design-associated criticalities in experiments where silicon detectors are employed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses a Japanese urushi box in the collection of the Swedish Museum of Far Eastern Antiquities, inventory number TEMP-0030. It documents a study that included scientific analyses by five different processes: sectional optical microscopy (OM/POL), wood taxonomy (WT), pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS), X−ray fluorescence microscopy (XRF), and radiocarbon dating (14C). To a lesser degree, the investigation also included an examination of the inscribed information on a paper label. The scientific results show that the box substrate is hinoki (Chamaecyparis obtusa Engl.), assembled with a proteinaceous glue. A cloth made from ramie fibres (Boehmeria nivea) covers the wood body. The main constituent in the coating is urushiol, derived from Toxicodendron vernicifluum trees. The black appearance on the exterior faces is due to a pigment of soot. The makie and nashiji decorations, on both exterior and interior faces, are composed of brass, silver, and gold, in flakes and powders. Radiocarbon dating suggests the time of manufacture as 1728–1764 CE, or the mid-Edo period. The information on the paper label suggests 1745 CE and the Zohiko, Kyoto, as the time and place of manufacture. Indirectly, this study emphasises the potential of these analytical techniques and a forensic approach in learning about other 'lost and found' objects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this appreciative response to Hoskins-Murphy's paper, I expand on her overarching theme of the emotional stickiness of motherhood and the many ways the mother's affective adherence to the needs of the child pulls against her own autonomous development – indeed often pulls against her rational sensibility. I also expand on the idea of future vision, the parent's ability to imagine a future for the child and scaffold a direction toward that future. In addition, I describe the writing techniques that Hoskins-Murphy uses to illustrate her ideas and to make this such an effective paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the shear connection performance of steel-wood composite members, using both experimental research and numerical analysis. The experimental investigation explores the impact of glue length and thickness on the performance of the glue connection, while also examining the effects of bolt spacing, bolt number, and bolt diameter on the performance of the bolt connection. Furthermore, a comparative analysis is conducted to assess the performance differences among different types of connections, namely glue connection, bolt connection, and composite connection. Subsequently, a numerical analysis model is developed and validated by comparing it with the experimental results. The numerical analysis verifies the shear transfer mechanism of interfaces with various connection modes. Building upon the understanding of the shear transfer mechanism, an equation is derived to calculate the shear bearing capacity of the interface. The validity of this equation is demonstrated through the test results. The findings presented in this paper establish a robust theoretical foundation for future research, development, and engineering applications related to steel-wood composite members. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we construct a self-dual complete resolution of a module defined by a pair of embedded complete intersection ideals in a local ring. Our construction is based on a gluing construction of Herzog and Martsinkovsky and exploits the structure of Koszul homology in the embedded complete intersection case. As a consequence of our construction, we produce an isomorphism between certain stable homology and cohomology modules. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we show how the path integral for gravity and matter on a piecewise flat spacetime can be used to define the physical quantum gravity states and the related transition amplitudes. The physical states are given by the path integrals for open manifolds from a certain topological class, while the corresponding transition amplitudes are obtained by gluing two such open manifolds into a closed one and calculating the corresponding path integral. We also solve the problem of how to associate a quantum gravity state to an effective action. This is done by using the path integral for a closed manifold from the transition-amplitude topological class so that the state which corresponds to the effective action can be chosen to be the Hartle–Hawking or the Vilenkin wavefunction for the vacuum manifold component of the transition-amplitude manifold. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knot contact homology is an ambient isotopy invariant of knots and links in ℝ 3 . The purpose of this paper is to extend this definition to an ambient isotopy invariant of tangles and prove that gluing of tangles gives a gluing formula for knot contact homology. As a consequence of the gluing formula we obtain that the tangle contact homology detects triviality of tangles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Let |${\mathcal{M}}_{\operatorname{Dol}}(X,G)$| denote the hyperkähler moduli space of |$G$| -Higgs bundles over a smooth projective curve |$X$|⁠. In the context of four dimensional supersymmetric Yang–Mills theory, Kapustin and Witten introduced the notion of (BBB)-brane: boundary conditions that are compatible with the B-model twist in every complex structure of |${\mathcal{M}}_{\operatorname{Dol}}(X,G)$|⁠. The geometry of such branes was initially proposed to be hyperkähler submanifolds that support a hyperholomorphic bundle. Gaiotto has suggested a more general type of (BBB)-brane defined by perfect analytic complexes on the Deligne–Hitchin twistor space |$\operatorname{Tw}({\mathcal{M}}_{\operatorname{Dol}}(X,G))$|⁠. Following Gaiotto's suggestion, this paper proposes a framework for the categorification of (BBB)-branes, both on the moduli spaces and on the corresponding derived moduli stacks. We do so by introducing the Deligne stack , a derived analytic stack with corresponding moduli space |$\operatorname{Tw}({\mathcal{M}}_{\operatorname{Dol}}(X,G))$|⁠ , defined as a gluing between two analytic Hodge stacks along the Riemann–Hilbert correspondence. We then construct a class of (BBB)-branes using integral functors that arise from higher non-abelian Hodge theory, before discussing their relation to the Wilson functors from the Dolbeault geometric Langlands correspondence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we consider the modified Kirchhoff type equation, that is, the Kirchhoff type equation with a quasilinear term (1) $$\begin{equation} \begin{cases} -\left(a+b\displaystyle\int_{\mathbb{R}^3}|\nabla u|^2{\rm d}x\right)\Delta u+V(|x|)u-\dfrac{1}{2}\Delta(|u|^2)u\\\noalign{\vskip2.6pt} \quad=|u|^{p-2}u\quad\mbox{in }\mathbb{R}^3,\\ u\to 0 \qquad as\ |x|\to\infty, \end{cases} \end{equation}$$ { − (a + b ∫ R 3 | ∇u | 2 d x) Δu + V (| x |) u − 1 2 Δ (| u | 2) u = | u | p − 2 u in R 3 , u → 0 as | x | → ∞ , where a, b>0, $ p\in (4,22^*) $ p ∈ (4 , 22 ∗) and $ V(|x|) $ V (| x |) is a radial potential function and bounded below by a positive number. The appearance of nonlocal term $ b\int _{\mathbb {R}^3}|\nabla u|^2{\rm d}x\Delta u $ b ∫ R 3 | ∇u | 2 d x Δu and quasilinear term $ \frac {1}{2}\Delta (|u|^2)u $ 1 2 Δ (| u | 2) u makes the variational functional of (1) totally different from the classical Schrödinger equation. By introducing the Miranda theorem, via a construction and gluing method, for any given integer $ k\geq ~1 $ k ≥ 1 , we prove that Equation (1) admits a radial nodal solution $ U_{k}^b $ U k b having exactly k nodes. Moreover, the energy of $ U_{k}^b $ U k b is monotonically increasing in k and for any sequence $ \{b_n\} $ { b n } , and up to a subsequence, $ U_{k}^{b_n} $ U k b n converges strongly to some $ U_{k}^0\neq ~0 $ U k 0 ≠ 0 as $ b_n\to 0_+ $ b n → 0 + , which is a nodal solution with exactly k nodes to the local quasilinear Schrödinger equation (2) $$\begin{equation} \begin{cases} -a\Delta u+V(|x|)u-\dfrac{1}{2}\Delta(|u|^2)u=|u|^{p-2}u\quad\mbox{in }\mathbb{R}^3,\\\noalign{\vskip2.6pt} u\to 0 \qquad as\ |x|\to\infty. \end{cases} \end{equation}$$ { − a Δu + V (| x |) u − 1 2 Δ (| u | 2) u = | u | p − 2 u in R 3 , u → 0 as | x | → ∞. These results improve and generalize the previous results in the literature from the local quasilinear Schrödinger equation to the nonlocal quasilinear Kirchhoff equation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we present a model containing modifications to the Signal-passing Tile Assembly Model (STAM), a tile-based self-assembly model whose tiles are capable of activating and deactivating glues based on the binding of other glues. These modifications consist of an extension to 3D, the ability of tiles to form "flexible" bonds that allow bound tiles to rotate relative to each other, and allowing tiles of multiple shapes within the same system. We call this new model the STAM*, and we present a series of constructions within it that are capable of self-replicating behavior. Namely, the input seed assemblies to our STAM* systems can encode either "genomes" specifying the instructions for building a target shape, or can be copies of the target shape with instructions built in. A universal tile set exists for any target shape (at scale factor 2), and from a genome assembly creates infinite copies of the genome as well as the target shape. An input target structure, on the other hand, can be "deconstructed" by the universal tile set to form a genome encoding it, which will then replicate and also initiate the growth of copies of assemblies of the target shape. Since the lengths of the genomes for these constructions are proportional to the number of points in the target shape, we also present a replicator which utilizes hierarchical self-assembly to greatly reduce the size of the genomes required. The main goals of this work are to examine minimal requirements of self-assembling systems capable of self-replicating behavior, with the aim of better understanding self-replication in nature as well as understanding the complexity of mimicking it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we study the relationship among three n-cluster tilting subcategories of triangulated categories in a recollement. Let (D ′ , D , D ″) be a recollement of triangulated categories. We construct an n-cluster tilting subcategory of D by gluing together n-cluster tilting subcategories of D ′ and D ″ under certain conditions. On the other hand, we prove that an n-cluster tilting subcategory of D can induce n-cluster tilting subcategories of D ′ and D ″ . Using these two results, we give a one-to-one correspondence between some n-cluster tilting subcategories of D and pairs of n-cluster tilting subcategories of D ′ and D ″ . Furthermore, we obtain a recollement of abelian categories from a recollement of triangulated categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the coupled Patlak–Keller–Segel–Navier–Stokes (PKS–NS) system in two-dimensional bounded domains with a focus on global well-posedness and the formation of striking patterns, in which the boundary conditions are Neumann conditions for the cell density and the chemical concentration, and the Navier slip boundary condition with zero friction for the fluid velocity. We prove that the solution of the system exists globally in time in the case of subcritical mass. Concerning the critical mass case, we construct the boundary spot steady states rigorously via the inner-outer gluing method. While studying the global existence and the concentration phenomenon of the chemotaxis–fluid model, we develop the global W 2 , p theory for the 2D stationary Stokes system subject to Navier boundary conditions with zero friction and further establish semigroup estimates of the nonstationary counterpart by analyzing the Stokes eigenvalue problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a previous paper, we showed that the original definition of cylindrical contact homology, with rational coefficients, is valid on a closed three‐manifold with a dynamically convex contact form. However, we did not show that this cylindrical contact homology is an invariant of the contact structure. In the present paper, we define 'nonequivariant contact homology' and 'S1$S^1$‐equivariant contact homology', both with integer coefficients, for a contact form on a closed manifold in any dimension with no contractible Reeb orbits. We prove that these contact homologies depend only on the contact structure. Our construction uses Morse–Bott theory and is related to the positive S1$S^1$‐equivariant symplectic homology of Bourgeois‐Oancea. However, instead of working with Hamiltonian Floer homology, we work directly in contact geometry, using families of almost complex structures. When cylindrical contact homology can also be defined, it agrees with the tensor product of the S1$S^1$‐equivariant contact homology with Q${\mathbb {Q}}$. We also present examples showing that the S1$S^1$‐equivariant contact homology contains interesting torsion information. In a subsequent paper, we will use obstruction bundle gluing to extend the above story to closed three‐manifolds with dynamically convex contact forms, which in particular will prove that their cylindrical contact homology has a lift to integer coefficients which depends only on the contact structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]