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This study explores the disparities in older adults' self-rated health within the urban landscape of China. Drawing on the 1% national population survey of China in 2015, it highlights how variations in city development contribute to geographical health disparities among older residents. In the era of the decentralized fiscal system, a crucial mechanism identified is the role of cities' local fiscal revenue in connecting their socioeconomic development and the health status among older adults. Despite efforts by cities in lower socioeconomic positions to increase fiscal expenditure and address deficits through central transfer payments, they prove inadequate in effectively mitigating population health disparities. The prioritization of economic growth and neglect of public service provision responsibilities are fundamental causes within this fiscal framework. The findings underscore the urgent need for increased central transfer payments in public services to address the growing disparities in older adults' health. • Revealing health disparity among urban older adults amidst fiscal decentralization. • Local fiscal revenue connecting cities' development and individual health. • Ineffectiveness of local fiscal expenditure and deficit in alleviating disparities. • Urgency for leveraging public transfer payments toward public health services. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In rural China, remittances were believed to play a pivotal role in compensating the left-behind elderly parents for their health loss due to their adult children's outmigration. No prior study, however, has explored how much remittances matter. The endogeneity issues are the main obstacles to clearly answer this question. Using China Family Panel Studies data, this study combines Extended Regression Models and Mediation Analysis to measure the compensation effect of remittances on the health of migrants' left-behind elderly parents in rural China. The results show that migrants' remittances could compensate partial loss of their elderly parents' self-reported health and mental health, but not with other health indicators' deterioration, such as body mass index. Specifically, migrant workers' remittances are able to compensate their elderly parents' 15.33 percent loss in self-reported health and 20.37 percent loss in mental health. This means adult children's outmigration has significant consequences on their aging parents' health; and their remittances' compensation effect is quite limited. • Adult children's out-migration impairs their left-behind elderly parents' health in rural China. • Remittances compensate for 15.33 percent of the loss in self-reported health of the left-behind parents. • Remittances compensate for 20.37 percent of the loss in mental health of the left-behind parents. • Remittances failed to compensate for the deterioration in left-behind elder parents' BMI status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The prescribing behavior to prescribe high-priced drugs has been hypothesized to be related to the increasing drug expenditures in China, but little empirical evidence exists. The purpose of this study was to examine whether Chinese physicians, driven by financial incentives, tend to prescribe high-priced drugs. The 2000–2008 drug data in the Yangtze River Basin Hospitals' Drug Use Analysis System were analyzed to examine the prescription patterns of penicillins and cephalosporins in Shanghai. Among the top-100 drugs (by volume), cephalosporins cost as 1.1– 2.3 times as penicillins and their volume was 1.7–18.2 times. Revenues generated from prescribing cephalosporins were 3.4–24.2 times as those from prescribing penicillins. The tendency of prescribing relatively high-priced drugs was observed given the same chemical name, dosage, and specification but different trade names. Furthermore, high-priced drugs remained on the top-100 list with increasing volumes, while some lower-priced drugs exited from the list due to decreases in volumes. Facing the policy dilemmas, the Chinese government needs to implement a new financially rewarding system in which hospitals and physicians are able to achieve financial gains in a cost-effective way including prescribing similar drugs with lower prices. Reforming hospitals' payment methods is necessary and feasible to reshape financial incentives of healthcare providers. The combination of the global budget policy and financial incentive measures would be likely to change providers' prescribing behaviors towards a cost-effective direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]