24 results on '"Wang Rong"'
Search Results
2. Research on the Ecological Restoration Effects of a Vallisneria natans (Lour.) Hara-Dominated Multitrophic Level Ecosystem.
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Li, Bin, Han, Zheng, Jiang, Ruitong, Cai, Qingjie, Zhang, Meiqiong, Wang, Rong, Liu, Yuchao, Shao, Liu, Wu, Meiqin, Zhang, Jianheng, He, Wenhui, Liu, Jinlin, and He, Peimin
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RESTORATION ecology ,VALLISNERIA ,STREAM restoration ,BODIES of water ,WATER quality ,ECOSYSTEMS ,LAKE restoration - Abstract
This study aims to assess the ecological restoration effects of Vallisneria natans in a multitrophic level ecosystem. The water-purification effects of two hierarchical configuration modes of V. natans-Bellamya aeruginosa and V. natans-B. aeruginosa-Hyriopsis cumingii were studied. Results show that a V. natans and B. aeruginosa configuration ratio of 15:2 stabilizes water quality at Grade IV (TN ≤ 1.5 mg/L, TP ≤ 0.3 mg/L), and increasing B. aeruginosa density significantly reduces total phosphorus. The V. natans, B. aeruginosa, and H. cumingii configuration at 15:2:10 stabilizes water at Grade III (TN ≤ 1.0 mg/L, TP ≤ 0.2 mg/L), with a positive correlation between H. cumingii density and chlorophyll-a removal. Furthermore, the filtration and biocycling actions of B. aeruginosa (snails) and H. cumingii (mussels) significantly reduce levels of Total Nitrogen (TN), Total Phosphorus (TP), and Ammonium (NH
4 + -N) in water, thus enhancing the self-purification capacity of the water bodies. However, the bioturbation effect of H. cumingii can temporarily increase phosphorus release from sediments, leading to a short-term rise in TP concentration in the water. Overall, the study concludes that multitrophic level ecosystems are effective in purifying water quality and offer significant ecological restoration benefits. This research provides crucial data support for future construction and ecological restoration projects involving multitrophic level approaches in China's rivers and lakes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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3. Data Mining-Based Collision Scenarios of Vehicles and Two Wheelers for the Safety Assessment of Intelligent Driving Functions.
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Wang, Rong, Qian, Yubin, Dong, Honglei, and Yu, Wangpengfei
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TRAFFIC accidents ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) ,TRAFFIC safety ,ACCIDENT investigation ,AUTOMOBILE driving ,SAFETY - Abstract
The safety performance test of intelligent driving vehicles needs to rely on the collision scenarios in a real road traffic environment. In order to study the collision scenarios and accident characteristics of vehicles and two wheelers (TWs) in line with the complex traffic conditions in China, this paper proposes using clustering analysis to initially cluster traffic accident data to obtain the base scenarios and then applying the association rule algorithm to each base scenario to obtain the potential connection of its accident attributes and describe the collision scenarios in more detail. This study is based on data from 335 vehicle and two-wheeler crashes in the National Automobile Accident In-Depth Investigation System (NAIS). It used clustering analysis to cluster the crash data into different partitions to obtain eight clusters of vehicle and two-wheeler base scenarios and applied association rules to analyze the rest of the accident attributes, revealing common crash characteristics to describe the base scenarios in more detail. In the end, it constructed eleven types of detailed vehicle and two-wheeler collision scenarios covering straight roads, intersections, and T-junctions. The results provide richer and more suitable crash scenarios of vehicles and two wheelers in China's complex traffic and is an important reference for the development of intelligent driving testing scenarios in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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4. Distribution Characteristics and Factors Influencing Culturable Bacterial Bioaerosols on a Dairy Farm in Northern China.
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Ru, Lin, Ding, Luyu, Deng, Shuhui, Li, Qifeng, Zhao, Wanying, Wang, Rong, Li, Jiawei, Lu, Yujian, and Yao, Chunxia
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MICROBIOLOGICAL aerosols ,DAIRY farms ,DAIRY farming ,DAIRY farm management ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature - Abstract
Studying the distribution characteristics of bioaerosols and their interaction with the environment is crucial for dairy farms. The distribution of aerosols differs in dairy farming from farming of other livestock, and their sensitivity to environmental factors varies across sites. Field experiments were conducted in an intensive commercial dairy farm in Northern China to investigate the horizontal and vertical distribution of culturable bacterial bioaerosols. Concentration levels and particle size ranges were analyzed, and the impact of multiple environmental factors on culturable bacterial bioaerosols was assessed. Significant variations in culturable bacterial bioaerosol concentrations were observed across eight functional zones, ranging from 1.14 × 10
3 to 7.35 × 103 CFU/m3 . Culturable bacterial bioaerosols exhibited consistent carrier distribution patterns across six different size ranges. Vertical analysis revealed significantly higher culturable bacterial bioaerosol concentrations at a 1 m height compared to 4 m (p < 0.05), while similar size distributions were observed at different heights of the same sampling location. The top three environmental factors influencing culturable bacterial bioaerosol concentrations were PM100 concentration, wind direction, and air temperature. This study provides insights into the distribution characteristics of culturable bacterial bioaerosols on dairy farms and their response to environmental factors. The findings serve as a reference for evaluating bioaerosol emissions and establishing daily disinfection management measures on dairy farms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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5. Does Physical Activity Affect Clinical Symptoms and the Quality of Life of Mild-Infected Individuals with COVID-19 in China? A Cross-Sectional Study.
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Wang, Rong, Jia, Yuanyuan, Sun, Tingting, Ruan, Bing, Zhou, Huixuan, Yu, Laikang, and Hou, Xiao
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COVID-19 ,MYALGIA ,CROSS-sectional method ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,PHYSICAL activity ,QUALITY of life ,RESEARCH funding ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,HEADACHE - Abstract
Background: Few studies have identified the links between physical activity (PA), clinical symptoms, and the quality of life (QoL) among mildly infected individuals with COVID-19. This cross-sectional study aims to evaluate how PA levels before infections affect the infectious symptoms and the QoL in mildly infected patients with COVID-19. Methods: An online questionnaire link including participants' sociodemographic and anthropometric characteristics, clinical symptoms during the COVID-19 infectious period, the QoL of the worst symptomatic day, and PA in the last seven days before COVID-19 infections was disclosed. Logistic regression and multiple linear regression analyses were applied to assess the relationships between PA levels in the last seven days before infections and COVID-19-related outcomes. The level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: Compared to the low-PA-level group, the moderate-PA-level group presented a higher risk of headaches (OR = 1.34, 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.75, and p = 0.03) and the high-PA-level group presented a higher risk of muscle/body aches (OR = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.04 to 1.93, and p = 0.03). The adjusted linear regression analysis showed that no associations were found between PA levels in the last seven days before infections and the QoL index value on the worst symptomatic day (moderate-PA-level group: β = −0.04, and p = 0.08; high-PA-level group: β = −0.04, and p = 0.17). However, for the mobility and usual activities dimensions of EQ-5D-5L, the lower-PA-level group had a lower burden of QoL than the higher-PA-level group did on the worst-symptomatic day. Conclusions: Among mildly infected patients with COVID-19, a higher PA level is associated with a higher risk of experiencing clinical symptoms and a lower QoL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Can Forest Resource Endowment Drive Green Economic Growth in the Context of the Low-Carbon Economy in China?
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Tan, Junlan and Wang, Rong
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ECONOMIC conditions in China ,ECONOMIC expansion ,ENDOWMENTS ,ELASTICITY (Economics) ,CIRCULAR economy - Abstract
Continuous climate change has become one of the challenges faced by the world, drawing much attention from governments. The forest industry is the main focus of strategic initiatives to realize a circular and green economy and achieve low emissions. In order to explore the relationship between forest resource endowment and green economic growth, this study represents the first attempt to verify how forest resource endowment affects green economic growth (GEG), with a theoretical analysis and an explanation of the effects of both. The following results were obtained: (1) The GEG of the lagging period can improve the GEG of the current period in all regions, which verifies the sustainability of GEG in China. (2) The regression coefficient of forest resource endowment is a negative primary term (except for the eastern region) and a positive quadratic term, indicating that there is a U-shaped nonlinear relationship between forest resource endowment and GEG in the national, central, and western regions. (3) Forest resource endowments inhibit green economic growth by crowding out human capital from high-tech industries and through such effects as "Dutch disease". The elasticity coefficient of the eastern region is positive but insignificant, while the forest resource inhibition effect is larger in the central and western regions, but the elasticity coefficient is significantly lower for the central region than the western region. (4) Human capital significantly contributes to GEG in the east and has a negative effect on GEG in the nation and the central and western regions. A possible reason for this is that there are more highly qualified people in the east than in the central and western regions; environmental regulation inhibits GEG in the nation and the east and has a negative but insignificant effect on GEG in the central and western regions, whereas green finance can promote GEG in all regions, and its promotion effect is highest in the east and lowest in the west, where it does not pass the significance test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. Meteorological Influences on Short-Term Carbon-Water Relationships in Two Forests in Subtropical China.
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Pan, Jihua, Liu, Jane, Yang, Mengmiao, and Wang, Rong
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WATER efficiency ,CONIFEROUS forests ,CARBON cycle ,FOREST succession ,ATMOSPHERIC temperature ,EVAPOTRANSPIRATION - Abstract
Carbon and water fluxes in ecosystems are tightly coupled by gas diffusion through stomata. However, carbon–water (C–W) relationships vary largely across time scales, vegetation types, and regions. Subtropical forests in China play an important role in the global carbon and water cycles, yet studies of C–W relationships in this region remain limited. Here, we investigated summer-time C–W relationships in this region at two subtropical sites: the evergreen broadleaved forest at Dinghushan (23.17° N, 112.53° E, 300 m) and the evergreen coniferous forest at Qianyanzhou (26.74° N, 115.06° W, 106 m), using the flux tower data from the FLUXNET2015. The C–W relationship was examined using two measures. The first was daily water use efficiency (WUE), which is the ratio of daily gross primary productivity (GPP) to evapotranspiration (ET). The second was the correlation coefficient (r) of hourly GPP and ET. Our analysis showed that the daily WUE in the two forests ranged over 4–14 mg CO
2 per g H2 O, higher in the coniferous forest than in the broadleaved forest. The mean values of r for hourly C–W coupling were similar at the two forests, being 0.5–0.6, which suggests asynchronous diurnal variations in GPP and ET. Both daily WUE and r were modulated by meteorological conditions. In general, high radiation, air temperature, and humidity can reduce WUE at both sites. For the broadleaved forest, the most influential factor on WUE was VPD, followed by radiation, while in the coniferous forest, VPD, air temperature, and radiation were almost equally important. For hourly C–W coupling, VPD plays a significant role. The drier the air is, the weaker the coupling in the two forests. The daily WUE and hourly C–W coupling reflect the C–W relationship from different perspectives. Both showed the strongest response to VPD but with different sensitivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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8. Exploring the Measurement of Regional Forestry Eco-Efficiency and Influencing Factors in China Based on the Super-Efficient DEA-Tobit Two Stage Model.
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Tan, Junlan, Su, Xiang, and Wang, Rong
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FORESTS & forestry ,DATA envelopment analysis ,FOREIGN investments ,ELASTICITY (Economics) ,TOBITS - Abstract
This paper adopts the super-efficient DEA (data envelopment analysis) model to measure the forestry eco-efficiency (FECO) of 30 Chinese provinces and cities from 2008 to 2021, and then introduces the Tobit model to explore the influencing factors of FECO to better understand the sustainable development level of forestry. It draws the following conclusions: (1) The average value of FECO in China is 0.504, which is still at a low level, and the FECO of each region has significant regional heterogeneity; the provinces with higher FECO are mainly concentrated in the eastern region, while the FECO of the central and western regions is lower; (2) In terms of the main factors affecting FECO in China, the regression coefficients of market-based environmental regulations are significantly positive in the national, eastern and central regions, while they are significantly negative in the western region. The coefficient of impact of scientific research funding investment on forestry industry eco-efficiency is negative and shows a significant promotion effect in the eastern region, but the elasticity coefficient in the central and western regions is negative but not significant. Economic development has a positive but insignificant effect on FECO, with the eastern region showing a positive correlation, while the central and western regions are insignificant. Industrial structure has a significant negative effect on FECO in the national, eastern and central regions, but the effect of industrial structure on FECO in the western region is not significant. The effect of foreign direct investment on FECO was negative for the national, central and western regions, but the central region did not pass the significance test, while the eastern region reflected a significant promotion effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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9. Comparative Proteomic Analyses of Susceptible and Resistant Maize Inbred Lines at the Stage of Enations Forming following Infection by Rice Black-Streaked Dwarf Virus.
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Wang, Rong, Du, Kaitong, Jiang, Tong, Di, Dianping, Fan, Zaifeng, and Zhou, Tao
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RICE , *INBREEDING , *COMPARATIVE studies , *PROTEOMICS , *CORN , *CORN diseases , *INFECTION , *HYBRID rice - Abstract
Rice black-streaked dwarf virus (RBSDV) is the main pathogen causing maize rough dwarf disease (MRDD) in China. Typical enation symptoms along the abaxial leaf veins prevail in RBSDV-infected maize inbred line B73 (susceptible to RBSDV), but not in X178 (resistant to RBSDV). Observation of the microstructures of epidermal cells and cross section of enations from RBSDV-infected maize leaves found that the increase of epidermal cell and phloem cell numbers is associated with enation formation. To identify proteins associated with enation formation and candidate proteins against RBSDV infection, comparative proteomics between B73 and X178 plants were conducted using isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) with leaf samples at the enation forming stage. The proteomics data showed that 260 and 316 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified in B73 and X178, respectively. We found that the majority of DEPs are located in the chloroplast and cytoplasm. Moreover, RBSDV infection resulted in dramatic changes of DEPs enriched by the metabolic process, response to stress and the biosynthetic process. Strikingly, a cell number regulator 10 was significantly down-regulated in RBSDV-infected B73 plants. Altogether, these data will provide value information for future studies to analyze molecular events during both enation formation and resistance mechanism to RBSDV infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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10. Research on Carbon Emission Efficiency Measurement and Regional Difference Evaluation of China's Regional Transportation Industry.
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Xu, Guoyin, Zhao, Tong, and Wang, Rong
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CARBON emissions ,TRANSPORTATION industry ,REGIONAL differences ,CARBON offsetting ,CONSTRUCTION industry ,STUDENT mobility - Abstract
From a global perspective, carbon emissions are a global problem that needs to be solved urgently. At present, 61% of countries have committed to achieving net zero emissions. Compared with industry and construction, the transportation sector has become the focus and challenge for countries to achieve carbon neutrality due to the characteristics of strong mobility, scattered emission sources, and complex social behaviors. Therefore, the issue of carbon emissions in the transportation industry has become the focus of academic attention. This paper first calculates the carbon emission efficiency (CEE) of the regional transportation industry through the super-efficiency SBM model and then evaluates its regional differentiation characteristics through the Theil index, which has important practical significance for reducing regional carbon emissions. The results show that the national transportation CEE average value is 0.612, a relatively low level. The spatial distribution of China's transportation CEE shows an obvious characteristic of "east highest and west lowest". The regional differences in the transportation industry CEE are larger than those between regions. The differences in the transportation industry CEE among the eastern, central, and western regions are on the downward trend as a whole, and intra-regional differences are greater than inter-regional. The intra-regional differences cause the overall differences in transportation industry CEE; the eastern region contributed the most to the Theil index, while the central contributed the least. The biggest factor affecting the transportation industry CEE is the regional energy structure, and the smallest factor is the per capita GDP. This research has important reference significance on the target of carbon neutrality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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11. Comparisons of Ramie and Corn Stover Silages: Effects on Chewing Activity, Rumen Fermentation, Microbiota and Methane Emissions in Goats.
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Tian, Xu, Gao, Cheng, Hou, Zhengping, Wang, Rong, Zhang, Xiumin, Li, Qiushuang, Wei, Zhongshan, Wu, Duanqin, and Wang, Min
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RUMEN fermentation ,CORN stover ,RAMIE ,SILAGE ,MASTICATION ,GOATS ,FORAGE plants ,BETEL nut - Abstract
The study aimed to investigate the nutritional value of ramie (Boehmeria nivea) silage, and its consequences for chewing activity, rumen fermentation, and enteric methane (CH
4 ) emissions in goats, by comparing it with corn stover (CS) silage. An in vitro ruminal experiment was firstly performed to investigate the substrate degradation and fermentation of CS and ramie silage. The ramie silage diet was formulated by replacing 60% of CS silage with ramie silage (dry matter (DM) basis). Eight female Xiangdong Black goats (a local breed in Southern China, 1 to 1.2 years of age) with BW of 21.0 ± 1.05 kg were used for this experiment and were randomly assigned to either one of the two dietary treatments in a cross-over design. The ramie silage had higher crude protein (CP) and ash content and lower hemicellulose content, together with decreased (p < 0.05) nutrient degradation and methane production and increased (p < 0.05) acetate molar percentage and acetate to propionate ratio through in vitro ruminal fermentation. Feeding the ramie silage diet did not alter feed intake (p > 0.05), decreased (p < 0.05) nutrient digestibility, and increased (p < 0.05) chewing activity and rumination activity, with reductions (p < 0.05) in eating activity and idle activity. Although feeding the ramie silage diet caused a greater (p < 0.05) molar percentage of acetate and lower molar percentage of propionate, it decreased the rumen-dissolved CH4 concentration and enteric CH4 emissions (p < 0.05). Feeding the ramie silage diet did not alter (p > 0.05) the population of bacteria, protozoa, and fungi; it increased the 16S rRNA gene copies of Ruminococcus flavefaciens (p < 0.05). Further 16SrRNA gene amplicon analysis indicated a distinct bacterial composition between the two treatments (p < 0.05). Feeding the ramie silage diet led to a lower abundance of genera Lawsonibacter, Sedimentibacter, Saccharofermentans, Sediminibacterium, and Bifidobacterium (p < 0.05). Ramie can be an alternative forage resource to stimulate chewing activity and reduce CH4 emissions in ruminants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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12. Comparisons of Corn Stover Silages after Fresh- or Ripe-Corn Harvested: Effects on Digestibility and Rumen Fermentation in Growing Beef Cattle.
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Zhang, Min, Wang, Rong, Wu, Tingting, Yang, Yingbai, He, Zhixiong, Ma, Zhiyuan, Tan, Zhiliang, Lin, Bo, and Wang, Min
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RUMEN fermentation , *CORN stover , *BEEF cattle , *SILAGE , *CROPPING systems , *HARVESTING time , *CORN harvesting - Abstract
Simple Summary: Corn stover is an important agricultural byproduct, and represents an animal feedstuff. Waxy corn is harvested at milk stage or dough stage (20 d difference in harvest time) to meet the market demand for fresh corn and ripe corn in China, resulting in plenty of byproducts of corn stover after fresh- (CF) or ripe-corn (CR) harvested. This study was conducted to investigate the digestibility and rumen fermentation of these two corn stover silages in growing beef cattle. We observed that CR silage had greater dry matter and fiber contents, but with similar substrate degradation through in vitro ruminal fermentation in comparison with the CF silage. Further feeding trials indicated that feeding a CR diet (i.e., replaced 50% forage of CF silage with CR silage on a dry matter basis) increased feed intake and decreased fiber digestibility with reduction in the abundance of ruminal fiber degraders, together with similar growth performance in beef cattle, when comparing with CF diet. Both waxy corn stover after fresh- (CF) and ripe-corn (CR) harvested are important byproducts of corn cropping system and have 20 d difference in harvest time. The study aimed to investigate the effects of prolonging harvest time on the nutritive value of corn stover silage by comparing CF with CR silages. In vitro ruminal experiment was firstly performed to investigate substrate degradation and fermentation of CF and CR silages. The CR diet was formulated by replacing 50% forage of CF silage with CR silage on a dry matter (DM) basis. Fourteen crossbred steers (Simmental × Limousin × local Chinese) aged 13 months with an average weight of 318.1 ± 37.1 kg were selected and randomly allocated into two dietary treatment groups. Although the CR silage had greater DM and fiber contents than CF silage, it did not alter in vitro degradation (p > 0.05), but with lower molar percentage of propionate and acetate to propionate ratio (p < 0.05). The cattle fed CR diet had a higher DM intake and lower fiber digestibility with reduction in 18S rRNA gene copies of protozoa and fungi and 16S rRNA gene copies of Fibrobacter succinogenes (p < 0.05). Further 16S rRNA gene amplicon analysis indicated a similar diversity of bacteria community between CR and CF treatments (p > 0.05). Few differences were observed in the abundance of genera larger than 1% (p > 0.05), except for the reduction in abundance of genera Ruminococcaceae_NK4A214_group in CR treatment (p < 0.05). In summary, prolonging 20 d harvest time of corn stover silage increases the forage fiber and DM content, which promotes feed intake with decreased fiber degradation, although rumen fermentation and growth performance are not changed in growing beef cattle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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13. Critical Transitions in Lake Ecosystem State May Be Driven by Coupled Feedback Mechanisms: A Case Study from Lake Erhai, China.
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Wang, Rong, Dearing, John A., and Langdon, Peter G.
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LAKE restoration ,ECOSYSTEM management ,EUTROPHICATION ,ECOSYSTEM dynamics ,ECOSYSTEMS ,ECOLOGICAL disturbances ,LAKES - Abstract
Critical transitions between ecosystem states can be triggered by relatively small external forces or internal perturbations and may show time-lagged or hysteretic recovery. Understanding the precise mechanisms of a transition is important for ecosystem management, but it is hampered by a lack of information about the preceding interactions and associated feedback between different components in an ecosystem. This paper employs a range of data, including paleolimnological, environmental monitoring and documentary sources from lake Erhai and its catchment, to investigate the ecosystem structure and dynamics across multiple trophic levels through the process of eutrophication. A long-term perspective shows the growth and decline of two distinct, but coupled, positive feedback loops: a macrophyte-loop and a phosphorus-recycling-loop. The macrophyte-loop became weaker, and the phosphorus-recycling-loop became stronger during the process of lake eutrophication, indicating that the critical transition was propelled by the interaction of two positive feedback loops with different strengths. For lake restoration, future weakening of the phosphorus-recycling loop or a reduction in external pressures is expected to trigger macrophyte growth and eventually produce clear water conditions, but the speed of recovery will probably depend on the rates of feedback loops and the strength of their coupling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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14. Assessment of Summer Overheating in Concrete Block and Cross Laminated Timber Office Buildings in the Severe Cold and Cold Regions of China.
- Author
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Dong, Yu, Wang, Rong, Xue, Jing, Shao, Jingran, and Guo, Haibo
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COLD regions ,CONCRETE blocks ,WOODEN-frame buildings ,OFFICE buildings ,URBAN heat islands ,NATURAL ventilation ,ENERGY conservation in buildings - Abstract
The aims of the paper were to clarify whether office buildings in the severe cold and cold regions are overheating, especially those with natural ventilation, and whether potential overheating is related to the building materials. The severe cold and cold regions of China were considered to be cool regions during summer. However, with global warming, improvements in the thermal performance of the building envelope and the urban heat island effect, office buildings in these regions are showing different degrees of overheating during summer. Two office building materials commonly used in this area, cross laminated timber (CLT) and concrete block, were simulated in this study. With reference to the overheating standard, the degree of overheating in six cities in the severe cold and cold regions was quantitatively analysed and the extent of overheating for the two building materials was compared. Finally, the influence of thermal insulation on building overheating is discussed, and some suggestions are put forward to improve the relevant national regulations in China. The results show that office buildings in the severe cold and cold regions experience overheating during summer, and CLT buildings are more prone to overheating than concrete buildings during summer. This is attributable to the different thermal mass of the materials. Thick insulation does increase the risk of building overheating, and the effect on concrete buildings is more pronounced. Concrete buildings with an insulation layer can experience overheating for 27–71 h more than buildings without an insulation layer. Insulation on CLT buildings only results in an increase of 11–37 h. When considering the current situation with summer overheating in the severe cold and cold regions, relevant codes should also be modified and improved accordingly to guide building design, so as to achieve low-carbon and energy-saving goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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15. Effect of Lunar Complex Illumination on In Situ Measurements Obtained Using Visible and Near-Infrared Imaging Spectrometer of Chang'E-4.
- Author
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Xu, Jiafei, Wang, Meizhu, Lin, Honglei, Wang, Rong, Feng, Qi, and Xu, Xuesen
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LUNAR surface ,LUNAR exploration ,SPECTROMETERS ,SPACE flight to the moon ,LIGHTING - Abstract
In-situ measurements of the spectral information on the lunar surface are of significance to study the geological evolution of the Moon. China's Chang'E-4 (CE-4) Yutu-2 rover has conducted several in-situ spectral explorations on the Moon. The visible and near-infrared imaging spectrometer (VNIS) onboard the rover has acquired a series of in-situ spectra of the regolith at the landing site. In general, the mineralogical research of the lunar surface relies on the accuracy of the in-situ data. However, the spectral measurements of the Yutu-2 rover may be affected by shadows and stray illumination. In this study, we analyzed 106 CE-4 VNIS spectra acquired in the first 24 lunar days of the mission and noted that six of these spectra were affected by the shadows of the rover. Therefore, a method was established to correct the effects of the rover shadow on the spectral measurements. After shadow correction, the FeO content in the affected area is corrected to 14.46 wt.%, which was similar to the result calculated in the normal regolith. Furthermore, according to the visible images, certain areas of the explored sites were noted to be unusually bright. Considering the reflectance, geometric information, and shining patterns of the multi-layer insulation (MLI), we examined the influence of the specular reflection of the MLI on the bright spot regionsd, and found that the five sets of data were likely not affected by the specular reflection of the MLI. The results indicated that the complex illumination considerably influences the in situ spectral data. This study can provide a basis to analyze the VNIS scientific data and help enhance the accuracy of interpretation of the composition at CE-4 landing sites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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16. Plant Age Has a Minor Effect on Non-Destructive Leaf Area Calculations in Moso Bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis).
- Author
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Huang, Lichao, Niinemets, Ülo, Ma, Jianzhong, Schrader, Julian, Wang, Rong, and Shi, Peijian
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LEAF area ,AGING in plants ,LEAF area index ,PHYLLOSTACHYS ,BAMBOO ,LEAF temperature - Abstract
Leaf area is among the most important leaf functional traits, and it determines leaf temperature and alters light harvesting. The calculation of individual leaf area is the basis of calculating the leaf area index (i.e., the total leaf area per unit ground area) that is directly associated with the ability of plants to intercept light for photosynthesis. It is valuable to provide a fast and reliable approach to measuring leaf area. Here, we examined the validity and calculation accuracy of the Montgomery equation (ME), which describes the area of a leaf as a product of leaf length, width and a specific coefficient referred to as the Montgomery parameter, MP. Using ME, we calculated leaf areas of different age groups of bamboo culms. For most broad-leaved plants, leaf area is proportional to the product of leaf length and width, and MP falls within a range of 1/2 to π/4, depending on leaf shape. However, it is unknown whether there is an intra-specific variation in MP resulting from age structure and whether such a variation can significantly reduce the predictability of ME in calculating leaf area. This is relevant as a population of perennial plants usually composes of different age groups. We used Moso bamboos as model as this species is of ecological and economic importance in southern China, and pure stands can cover six to seven plant age groups. We used five age groups of moso bamboo and sampled 260–380 leaves for each group to test whether ME holds true for each group and all groups combined, whether there are significant differences in MP among different age groups, and whether the differences in MP can lead to large prediction errors for leaf area. We observed that for each age group and all groups combined, there were significant proportional relationships between leaf area and the product of leaf length and width. There were small but significant differences in MP among the five age groups (MP values ranged from 0.6738 to 0.7116 for individual plant ages; MP = 0.6936 for all age groups combined), which can be accounted for by the minor intergroup variation of leaf shape (reflected by the leaf width/length ratio). For all age classes, MP estimated for the pooled data resulted in <4% mean absolute percentage error, indicating that the effect of variation in MP among different age groups was small. We conclude that ME can serve as a useful tool for accurate calculations of leaf area in moso bamboo independent of culm age, which is valuable for estimation of leaf area index as well as evaluating the productivity and carbon sequestration capacity of bamboo forests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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17. Spatial Distribution and Ecological Risk Assessment of Potentially Harmful Trace Elements in Surface Sediments from Lake Dali, North China.
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Xu, Min, Sun, Weiwei, and Wang, Rong
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ECOLOGICAL risk assessment ,LAKE sediments ,TRACE elements ,WATER pollution ,ATMOSPHERIC nitrogen ,MULTIVARIATE analysis ,FERTILIZERS - Abstract
Potentially harmful trace element (PHTE) pollution in lakes has important implications for regional management in North China, yet is seldom investigated. Surface sediments from 13 sites in Lake Dali were collected for PHTE analysis. Combined with the enrichment factor, potential ecological risk index, and multivariate statistical analysis, the spatial distribution and ecological risk of the pollutants were studied. The results showed that the contamination levels of As, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn were minor to moderate. Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, and part of Pb pollution were mainly attributed to atmospheric deposition with the development of industry in North China, and As pollution resulted from the agricultural use of chemical fertilizers and As-containing pesticides. For the overall lake, the southwest part requires the most management, and targeted measures should be tailored to mitigate the ecological risk of PHTE pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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18. Secondary Metabolites with Agricultural Antagonistic Potential from Aspergillus sp. ITBBc1, a Coral-Associated Marine Fungus.
- Author
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Abulaizi A, Wang R, Xiong Z, Zhang S, Li Y, Ge H, and Guo Z
- Subjects
- Animals, Oryza microbiology, Secondary Metabolism, Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy, Seeds, China, Germination drug effects, Molecular Structure, Aspergillus metabolism, Aspergillus chemistry, Anthozoa microbiology, Triticum microbiology
- Abstract
A marine-derived fungal strain, Aspergillus sp. ITBBc1, was isolated from coral collected from the South China Sea in Hainan province. Intensive chemical investigation of the fermentation extract of this strain afforded four new secondary metabolites ( 1 - 4 ), named megastigmanones A-C and prenylterphenyllin H, along with four known compounds ( 5 - 8 ). Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis including one-and two-dimensional (1D and 2D) NMR spectroscopy and high-resolution electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). The modified Mosher's method was undertaken to determine the absolute configurations of new compounds. The phytotoxic activity test showed that compounds 6 - 8 exhibited significant antagonistic activity against the germination of Triticum aestivum L. and Oryza sativa L. seeds with a dose-dependent relationship.
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- 2024
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19. Scenario Simulation of the Relationship between Land-Use Changes and Ecosystem Carbon Storage: A Case Study in Dongting Lake Basin, China.
- Author
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Zhou W, Wang J, Han Y, Yang L, Que H, and Wang R
- Subjects
- Carbon, Conservation of Natural Resources, China, Ecosystem, Lakes
- Abstract
High-frequency land-use changes caused by rapid economic development have become a key factor in the imbalance of carbon sequestration within regions. How to balance economic development and ecological protection is a difficult issue for regional planning. Studying the relationship between future land-use changes and ecosystem carbon storage (CS) is of important significance for the optimization of regional land-use patterns. The research used the gray prediction model and coupled the patch-generating land-use simulation (PLUS) model and the integrated valuation of ecosystem services and trade-offs (InVEST) model. On this basis, the evolution characteristics and spatial coordination between land-use changes and CS in the Dongting Lake Basin (DLB) in different scenarios in 2030 were simulated. The results show that: (1) The spatial distribution of CS remains stable in different scenarios, while land-use types with high carbon density in the periphery of cities are constantly invaded by construction land, which results in the greatest carbon loss in the urban areas. (2) Compared with the natural evolution scenario (NES), only 195.19 km
2 of land-use types with high carbon density are transformed into construction land in the ecological protection scenario (EPS), generating a carbon sink gain of 182.47 × 104 Mg. Conversely, in the economic development scenario (EDS), a total of over 1400 km2 of farmland and ecological land are transformed into construction land, which weakens the carbon sequestration capacity of ecosystems, and more than 147 × 104 Mg of carbon loss occurs in the urban areas. (3) The planned development scenario (PDS) takes ecological protection and economic development both into consideration, which not only generates a carbon sink gain of 121.33 × 104 Mg but also reduces the carbon loss in urban areas by more than 50%. The PDS performs well in both land use and CS growth and can better motivate the effect of land-use changes in increasing the carbon sink, which is also proved by analysis of the coordination between land-use intensity (LUI) and CS. Therefore, the PDS better satisfies the future development demand of DLB and can provide a reference for sustainable land use in the basin.- Published
- 2023
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20. Exploring the Role of Environmental Regulation and Fiscal Decentralization in Regional Energy Efficiency in the Context of Global Climate.
- Author
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Wu Q and Wang R
- Subjects
- Economic Development, Efficiency, China, Politics, Conservation of Energy Resources, Sustainable Development
- Abstract
As an important factor of production, the use of energy will greatly improve production efficiency and is the material basis for China's sustainable development. Environmental regulation plays an important role in energy efficiency (EE), while fiscal decentralization is an important institutional context for China's economic development. In order to explore the role of environmental regulation and fiscal decentralization on EE, this paper measures the EE of 30 provincial regions in China from 2006 to 2020 by the super-efficient SBM method, and verifies the relationship between fiscal decentralization and environmental regulation on EE using a spatial econometric model, and conclusions as follows: (1) China's overall energy efficiency averages 0.563, still at a low level, with the highest average efficiency value in the east and the lowest in the west. (2) An inverted U-shaped relationship exists between environmental regulation and EE, and its spatial spillover effect also shows an inverted U-shaped relationship. Fiscal decentralization promotes the regional EE, and its spatial effect also significantly positive. (3) When the level of environmental regulation increases, the EE level of the local and neighboring provinces will increase. The enhancement of fiscal decentralization system can promote local EE, but it has a negative effect on the energy efficiency level of neighboring provinces. Finally, based on the results of the empirical analysis, this paper proposes suggestions for improving regional EE, which are of great theoretical and practical value for improving climate change and achieving sustainable regional economic development in China., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
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- 2022
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21. Exploring the Role of Green Finance and Energy Development towards High-Quality Economic Development: Application of Spatial Durbin Model and Intermediary Effect Model.
- Author
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Wang R and Wang F
- Subjects
- China, Cities, Humans, Investments, Sustainable Development, Economic Development, Rivers chemistry
- Abstract
Finance is the blood of the economy, and energy is the foundation and source of power for economic and social development. It is crucial to the prosperity and development of the country, the improvement of people's lives and the long-term stability of society. It is a booster for the implementation of the concept of green development and the realization of high-quality economic development (HQED). Based on the panel data of 11 provinces and cities in the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2007 to 2019, this paper selects green investment and carbon emission intensity as green financial values and calculates energy development indicators from the three dimensions of energy supply, energy consumption and energy efficiency. The three dimensions of development capability, high-quality development structure and high-quality development benefit are used to construct an indicator system for high-quality economic development, and the spatial Durbin model is selected to study the spatial effects of green finance and energy development on high-quality economic development. At the same time, the mediation effect model is used to test whether there is a mediation effect in the development of green finance on high-quality economic development. The results show that: green finance has a significant positive impact on high-quality economic development, and the spatial spillover effect is not significant; energy development has a significant positive impact on high-quality economic development, and the spatial spillover effect is significantly negative; the interaction term between green finance and energy development has a significant negative impact on high-quality economic development, and the spatial spillover effect is not significant and green finance plays a partial intermediary role in the process of energy development promoting high-quality economic development. Existing research considers less of the impact of green finance on high-quality development. On the one hand, the research in this paper can theoretically supplement and improve existing research and expand the research field; on the other hand, it can provide a policy basis for the realization of high-quality development in the region, which has important practical significance for the realization of sustainable development goals in the region.
- Published
- 2022
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22. Can the New Subway Line Openings Mitigate PM10 Concentration? Evidence from Chinese Cities Based on the PSM-DID Method.
- Author
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Wang Y, Tao J, Wang R, and Mi C
- Subjects
- Humans, China, Cities, Particulate Matter analysis, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, Air Pollution prevention & control, Railroads
- Abstract
The large-scale construction of subway systems, which is viewed as one of the potential measures to mitigate traffic congestion and its resulting air pollution and health impact, is taking place in major cities throughout China. However, the literature on the impact of the new subway line openings on particulate matter with a diameter less than 10 µm (PM10) at the city level is scarce. Employing the Propensity Score Matching-Difference-in-differences method, this paper examines the effect of the new subway line openings on air quality in terms of PM10 in China, using the daily PM10 concentration data from January 2014 to Dececember 2017. Our finding shows that the short-term treatment effect on PM10 is more controversial. Furthermore, for different time windows, the result confirms an increase in PM10 pollution during the short term, while the subway line openings improve air quality in the longer term. In addition, we find that the treatment effect results in high PM10 pollution for cities with 1-2 million people, while it improves air quality for cities with over 2 million people. Moreover, for cities with varying levels of GDP, there is evidence of a reduction in PM10 after the subway line openings. Mechanism analysis supports the conclusion that the PM10 reduction originated from substituting the subway for driving.
- Published
- 2020
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23. Characteristics of Internal Ammonium Loading from Long-Term Polluted Sediments by Rural Domestic Wastewater.
- Author
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Luo X, Li Y, Wu Q, Wei Z, Li Q, Wei L, Shen Y, and Wang R
- Subjects
- China, Nitrogen chemistry, Rural Population, Ammonium Compounds chemistry, Environmental Monitoring, Geologic Sediments chemistry, Wastewater chemistry, Water Pollutants, Chemical chemistry
- Abstract
Given long-term decentralized and centralized rural domestic wastewater (RDW) discharge, nitrogen is continuously depositing in sediments. RDW discharge is assumed to be an important source of ammonium in surface water; however, the effect of long-term RDW discharge on nitrogen pollution in sediments remains unknown. Batch incubations were conducted to investigate the characteristics of internal ammonium loading from long-term polluted sediments by RDW discharge. Four sediments were demonstrated to be heavily polluted by long-term RDW discharge, with total nitrogen (TN) values of 5350, 8080, 2730, and 2000 mg·kg
-1 , respectively. The internal ammonium release from sediment was a slow and long process, and the risk of ammonium release from sediment during the dry season was significantly greater than that during the wet season. Though all selected sediments were heavily polluted by long-term RDW discharge, the relative contribution of internal ammonium loading from sediments was generally lower than that of external pollution. Hence, dredging is not suggested for RDW-polluted sediments except in response to an emergency. The excessive ammonium in the selected catchment was mainly from untreated and centralized black water in RDW. Centralized black waters in rural communities are highlighted to be separately treated or reused to maintain ammonium content at a safe level.- Published
- 2019
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- View/download PDF
24. Do Compactness and Poly-Centricity Mitigate PM 10 Emissions? Evidence from Yangtze River Delta Area.
- Author
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Tao J, Wang Y, Wang R, and Mi C
- Subjects
- China, Cities, Environmental Monitoring methods, Air Pollutants analysis, Air Pollution analysis, City Planning, Particulate Matter analysis, Rivers
- Abstract
The Yangtze River Delta (YRD) region is one of the most densely populated and economically developed areas in China, which provides an ideal environment with which to study the various strategies, such as compact and polycentric development advocated by researchers to reduce air pollution. Using the data of YRD cities from 2011-2017, the spatial durbin model (SDM) is presented to investigate how compactness (in terms of urban density, jobs-housing balance, and urban centralization) and poly-centricity (in terms of the number of centers and polycentric cluster) affect PM
10 emissions. After controlling some variables, the results suggest that more jobs-housing-balanced and centralized compactness tends to decrease emissions, while poly-centricity by developing too many centers is expected to result in more pollutant emissions. The effect of high-density compactness is more controversial. In addition, for cities with more private car ownerships (>10 million within cities), enhancing the polycentric cluster by achieving a more balanced population distribution between the traditional centers and sub-centers could reduce emissions, whereas this mitigated emissions effect may be limited. The difference between our study and western studies suggests that the correlation between high-density compactness and air pollution vary with the specific characteristics and with spatial planning implications, as this paper concludes.- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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