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Despite the reduction in late thrombotic events with newer-generation drug-eluting stents (DES), late stent failure remains a concern following stent placement. In-stent neoatherosclerosis has emerged as an important contributing factor to late vascular complications including very late stent thrombosis and late in-stent restenosis. Histologically, neoatherosclerosis is characterized by accumulation of lipid-laden foamy macrophages within the neointima with or without necrotic core formation and/or calcification. The development of neoatherosclerosis may occur in months to years following stent placement, whereas atherosclerosis in native coronary arteries develops over decades. Pathologic and clinical imaging studies have demonstrated that neoatherosclerosis occurs more frequently and at an earlier time point in DES when compared with bare metal stents, and increases with time in both types of implant. Early development of neoatherosclerosis has been identified not only in first-generation DES but also in second-generation DES. The mechanisms underlying the rapid development of neoatherosclerosis remain unknown; however, either absence or abnormal endothelial functional integrity following stent implantation may contribute to this process. In-stent plaque rupture likely accounts for most thrombotic events associated with neoatherosclerosis, while it may also be a substrate of in-stent restenosis as thrombosis may occur either symptomatically or asymptomatically. Intravascular optical coherence tomography is capable of detecting neoatherosclerosis; however, the shortcomings of this modality must be recognized. Future studies should assess the impact of iterations in stent technology and risk factor modification on disease progression. Similarly, refinements in imaging techniques are also warranted that will permit more reliable detection of neoatherosclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents the postmortem case studies to determine the distribution of methylone. It mentions about a 19-year old male who was died due to cardiac arrest. It also mentions about a 21-year old female who died due to drowning while chasing by the police and a 35-year old female who was found dead on her bed with a cutting wound on neck and gunshot wound at the back of her head. The studies suggest that methylone and Methylenedioxypyrovalerone are more toxic when taken together.

Comments on the interpretation of analytical findings on urine samples generated by the laboratory by the forensic toxicologist. Role of the identified substances in the cause of death; Assessment of toxicity or impairment in living individuals; Correlation of impairment with drug concentrations.

Investigates hydroxycarbazepine distribution in three postmortem cases by researchers from Baltimore, Maryland. Detection of the active metabolite of the anticonvulsant oxacarbazepine in the biological specimens submitted for toxicological analysis; Use of gas chromatography-nitrogen-phosphorus for the detection of the compound; Assertion from the medical examiner that the hydroxycarbazepine was an incidental finding to the cause of death.

Presents an analysis of metformin in antemortem serum and postmortem specimens by a novel high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method and application to an intoxication case. Performance characteristics of the metformin assay; Drugs tested and found not to interfere with the metformin assay; Elimination half-life of metformin.

Reports on a case in which xylazine was identified in a suicide by hanging. Confirmation of the presence of xylazine by full scan electron ionization gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; Pharmacological analysis of the suicide case; Number of published cases of xylazine's involvement in human drug-related deaths and impairment.