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The aim of this paper is to present the circumstances and course of the Albanian -Macedonian conflict in 2001, the political situation in Macedonia after 1991, the relationship between Macedonia and its western neighbour -- Albania,Macedonian police and armed forcesand the structures of National Liberation Army (KLA) as well. The author presents a thorough analysis of the asymmetric action of the Albanian terrorists and security forces of Macedonia. It is emphasises that the Macedonian Albanians' revolt began when the military and security forces of Serbia joined the operations against Albanian terrorists in southern Serbia. Additionally, the threat of destabilisation of the Macedonian state is still valid. Former KLA structures were only partially disassembled, a large amount of equipment and weapons was hidden. Despite of the numerous international initiatives and progressive (but also illusory) stability, the ethnic and political conflict has been deferred and it is only a matter of time for someone to reopen the Macedonian "Pandora's box". Moreover, the Security System of the Republic of Macedonia must be constructed so that at the start of the rebellion all subsystems could be able to counter the threat effectively. Therefore, it is necessary for Macedonia to cooperate between its security forces and neighbours as well as to build a military infrastructure, to be able to use it to manoeuvre troops and special forces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista CS is the property of Rafael Silva Vega and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In 2001, China finally joined the WTO. The accession of China was looked forward to by many WTO members and China itself. However, observers had some fears that the Chinese accession would prove to be a Trojan horse, disrupting the working of the WTO. This paper looks into the Chinese accession and its involvement in the WTO Dispute Settlement and argues that these fears seem so far to be unfounded. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's involvement in Latin America has grown steadily over the past decade but there are a number of constraints on the role of the People's Liberation Army that prevents it from becoming the most important mechanism in expanding China's role in Latin America. This paper discusses those constraints and the methods China's military has used to engage with Latin America in the twenty-first century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article utilizes the elements of leadership, political performance and national interests to understand China's foreign policy decision-making process. In contrast to a state-centred analysis, this article assumes that the supreme leadership's view of political performance is the most important factor when it comes to foreign policy decisionmaking. It contends that so-called national interests are often manipulated to serve particular political agendas. Specifically, this article explores whether the One Belt, One Road (OBOR) initiative or advancing China's interests in the South China Sea can be better utilized to improve Chinese President Xi Jinping's political performance. The comparison between the two issues incorporates the dimensions of feasibility, significance and morality. In the final analysis, this article finds that the OBOR is likely to be better utilized to enhance Xi's political performance, which yields some salient implications for future trends in China's foreign policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

China's stance on its Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence is diametrically opposed to its evolving attitude within the Security Council in a number of dossiers where it has lent its support either tacitly or affirmatively to resolutions adopted that endorsed, facilitated, reversed and prevented regime change since the end of the Cold War. Rather than measuring such developments from a conflictual perspective, China's increasing contribution in the international legal and political order, with a view to promoting a so-called harmonious world,may be seen in light of the international law of co-progressiveness and theory of relationality and relational governance respectively espoused by two Chinese international law and relations scholars Sienho Yee and Yaqing Qin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Turkey has traditionally looked at the Middle East with caution ever since it's declaration of secular republic and tilted towards the West in its foreign policy formulation. However, the onset of 21st century brought Justice and Development Party (AKP) to rule the country straddling the two continents. The party, internally, has turned around the country putting it on the path of progress and development. On the international front, it has taken an active approach towards the Middle East, especially its neighboring countries in recent years. Ankara's approach towards Iran, Iraq and Syria - the three countries with which it shares land borders - as well as Israel has seen many ups and downs in the post 2000 period. Factors like Iraq War and the resultant autonomy of the Kurds; Israel's belligerent posture; the Arab Spring and more recently the emergence of the Islamic State have all played significant role in this transformation. The overall impact of this transformation and the future course of action, however, remain yet to be seen. - Eds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of All Azimuth: A Journal of Foreign Policy & Peace is the property of Ihsan Dogramaci Peace Foundation, Center for Foreign Policy & Peace Research and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El artículo discurre sobre el proceso de la construcción del estado entre el gobierno colombiano y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia - Ejército del Pueblo (FARC - EP), un grupo guerrillero. El autor comenta sobre las relaciones entre las dos entidades, especialmente las conversaciones en noviembre de 2012 en La Habana, Cuba.

The article focuses on the complicated political landscape of Lebanon since 2005. Topics mentioned include the work of American political scientist George Tsebelis regarding this topic and his book "Veto Players: How Political Institutions Work," Lebanon's foreign policy between 2005 and 2010, and the report of political news in the press.