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Copyright of Estudos Ibero-Americanos is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The study which explained the level of consumer preferences for various news. However these studies have related to the comparison of the consumers preference for newspaper and television media. Newspaper has become a part of any modern society. This is one of the most importance consumer products of our daily life. Like all other consumer good newspaper industry requires some special marketing efforts. The study regarding respondent's effectiveness after advertising creating created a deep in sigh about the market conditions which is really helpful for the mediums to further concentrate on this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From images of periodical subdivision and recycled papers on the move, to perfect machines, disruptive compositors, strikes and disasters, the press had many different ways of visualizing its infrastructure. Drawing on a wide range of British and Irish sources, including national, local and trade papers, quarterlies, mid-Victorian monthlies, socialist magazines, and the New Journalism of the 1890s, this article asks what was politically at stake when the press put its materiality and mobility on display. Focusing on evolutionary trees, bodies, and machines, on recycling, circuits, and networks, and on protest, disruption, and breakdown, I seek to bring nineteenth- and twenty-first century ways of seeing press infrastructure into dialogue, considering how the metaphors we use can define the object in view. The analysis concludes by linking these debates to the revolutionary collapse of capitalist newspaper production in William Morris’s ‘News from Nowhere’, serialized in the Commonweal (1890), and to the Martian destruction of press infrastructure in H. G. Wells’s Pearson’s Magazine serial ‘The War of the Worlds’ (1897). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic distribution is challenging the newspaper industry to seek new ways of publishing; consequently, news content could be processed on and for a variety of output platforms. Electronic paper (e-paper) could turn into a major newspaper publishing channel due to its ability to display content in a paper-like manner, with lower weight, lower power consumption, and facilitated handling compared to a computer, but without the major publishing and distribution costs associated with printed newspapers. This work is based on seven case studies of newspaper companies in Sweden, Europe and North America, and analyses newspaper companies' views on future e-paper publishing. The objective has been to examine the conditions that would enable the e-paper medium to become viable as a newspaper-publishing channel. Newspaper companies regard the idea of a future e-paper edition as very promising, but are uncertain as to what strategy to use. The final product will be a balance between cost, reorganization, the available number of rich media, and updates. Based on the companies' views, five models of how to incorporate an e-paper publishing channel into existing newspaper production have been proposed. The appropriateness of the models depends on each newspaper company's conditions, including assets, consumer base and demographics, current workflow, and future strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the survivors in Spain of the free distribution press is the specialized publication Diario Médico, which has been disseminating health issues among professionals of the National Health System for 25 years. We did an exploratory-descriptive study about its origins and current situation, paying attention to its labour in paper, through the printed product, and in Red, through diariomedico.com. The techniques are the interview with its deputy director and the analysis of its products. The mixed format defines Diario Médico: it maintains its commitment to offer information on paper, despite having reduced the periodicity from daily to weekly; leads its paper readers to Orbyt, the digital press kiosk of the promoter group, Unidad Editorial, where it offers seven pages a day in pdf format with information for subscribers, and on the Web, with an edition that opens to the participation of the user. The informative tone of its contents and its usefulness for society, together with the growing interest of the non-specialized public in medicine and health, lead to Diario Médico, in our opinion, to have a double objective public: society in general and professionals of the System in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Merits and drawbacks exist in all forms of media across the world, so Pacific Islanders would do well to deeply consider the kind of journalism they want to cultivate in their region. While exposition of media freedom issues is important, there are other ways to progress the media freedom cause aside from raising awareness and discussing the issue explicitly. Media outlets and professionals should stay mindful that they have a role to play in shaping and informing policy discussions and need to recognise that the internet and social media are changing the game--and both government and traditional media can engage more with the online world. The author argues that better connectivity and engagement between media, government and international organisations can help improve quality journalism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Historia y Comunicación Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the right of access to terrorism on trial in the U.S. Military tribunals have been used periodically throughout United States history. The Supreme Court has been asked to consider their constitutionality and jurisdiction on a number of occasions. However, as of the writing of this article no court had yet considered whether the press and public have a First Amendment right of access to proceedings in military tribunals, as they have for proceedings in Article III courts and U.S. Military courts-martial. That may be because the last military tribunal convened in this country was in 1946, long before the United States Supreme Court recognized the public right of access to criminal proceedings. Or, it may be because military tribunals have traditionally been used in the most heated and uneasy times of war, when there was little time to consider the First Amendment rights of the press and public. With little fanfare and without delay, these military tribunals swiftly dealt with violators of the laws of war.

Copyright of Aula (0214-3402) is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article presents the summary of a conference that focused on newspapers in Europe during the 19th and 20th centuries. It was held May 12-13, 2011 in Münster, Germany. Topics under discussion included the national history associations and their media publications, the regional online newspaper, called "Rosenland. Zeitschrift für lippische Geschichte," and the regional and historical newspapers being published in Southern Tyrol (Trentino-Alto Adige), Italy.

When evaluating performance of ensemble streamflow forecasts, in scientific papers mostly verification metrics are reported, such as relative mean error, relative operating characteristic, and mean continuous ranked probability skill score. The research presented here analyses how such reported performances, compare with evaluation of one of the application areas: flood forecasting and early warning. The anecdotal evaluation concerns reviewing online news media for forecasts and warnings of floods and for reports of floods occurred. While realising there is often a complex pathway between forecast and published warning online, it is discussed whether both evaluations leave us with a similar sense of 'where do we stand today' with the performance of ensemble flood forecasting, or, if different, how to come to a combined or integrated viewpoint. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Designed for an introductory nonmajors biology course, this case study presents students with a series of short news stories describing a scientific study of cell-phone use and its health effects. Students read the news stories and then the scientific paper they are based on, comparing the information presented by the news media to the information contained in the original research article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Anuario del Instituto de Historia Argentina is the property of Universidad Nacional de La Plata and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Zer: Journal of Communication Studies / Revista de Estudios de Comunicacion / Komunikazio Ikasketen Aldizkaria is the property of Universidad del Pais Vasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos.info is the property of Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Facultad de Comunicaciones and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caracteres: Estudios Culturales y Criticos de la Esfera Digital is the property of Editorial Delirio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Since online social networks play an increasingly important role in the final voting decision of each individual, political parties and candidates are changing the way of doing politics and campaigning, increasing their digital presence. In this paper, we propose a methodology to analyze and measure the emotions that news agencies express on social media towards candidates and apply it to the 2018 Brazilian elections. The presented method is based on a sentiment analysis and emotion mining by means of machine learning and Natural Language Processing approaches such as Naïve Bayes classification and Stemming calculation. We found that if doing basic sentiment detection, nearly all posts are neutral. However, when we analyze emotions, following Ekman's six basic emotions, we do not find neutrality but clear and identifiable emotions. Next, we present and discuss the associative patterns between news agencies and presidential candidates. Finally, since the candidate that captured the highest and most negative attention emerged victorious in the elections, we discuss the potential importance of having a social media presence, regardless of generating positive or negative emotions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this Article, Jim Hawkins examines in depth the role of expression in the early labor movement. Focusing on the use of the press, publications, petitions, pamphlets and strikes in the labor movement in New York City from 1800 to 1860, the author argues that although the courts failed to protect labor expression, expression nonetheless was an essential weapon in the early labor movement's arsenal. Between 1833 and 1836, the labor movement won three major trials through jury verdicts by appealing directly to the Constitution—an early and successful form of popular constitutionalism. These victories demonstrate the labor movement's ability to influence constitutional culture to broaden the scope of free speech protection for workers and suggest that the early labor movement 's conception of free speech may have paved the way for subsequent movements. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the heat insulation winding molding process of solid rocket motors, the pressure applied by the press roller directly affects the quality of the winding molding. Insufficient pressure can result in poor bonding quality and may cause defects. This paper aims to provide an optimal design of the press roller to improve the winding molding quality of the heat insulation. The effect of the cylindrical press roller on the pressure distribution was analyzed using the elastic foundation model and a finite element (FE) model, which was assessed by Hertz theory. Subsequently, the press roller was optimized to an elliptical concave design. The effect of the radius of the elliptical concave press roller on the pressure distribution was analyzed. A comparison of the effect of the elliptical concave press roller and the cylindrical press roller on the pressure distribution was conducted using the FE model. The results show pressure uniformity is significantly improved when the elliptical concave press roller is employed on the mandrel with the smallest radius. Additionally, the elliptical concave press roller increases the pressure at the edge of the tape, which reduces the risk of lifted edges and, thereby, improves the winding molding quality of the heat insulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The city of Londrina (north of Paraná State) emancipated politically on December 10, 1934, five years after the arrival of the pioneers of the Companhia de Terras Norte do Paraná (CTNP) - mostly english owned company that began colonization in 1929. In October 1934, two months before being elevated to the status of municipality, was born the first communication vehicle in the city, the newspaper Paraná-Norte. Present from the beginning, the press reported on its pages the transformations that city suffered through the years, being a document of important historical value. This study therefore aims to analyze the beginning of the trajectory of Londrina's press from the place occupied by the image in the pages of the city's first newspaper, Paraná-Norte (1934-1953) and the magazine A Pioneira (1948-1954). To understand the importance of photography published in such vehicles as trace for writing the history of Londrina, it employed some research methodologies. The first was the literature, followed by the documentary analysis (MOREIRA, 2009) for all editions of the newspaper and magazine available to the public consultation, which allowed to write about the history of the two media pioneers. Already a comparative study of photography in Paraná-Norte and A Pioneira was done by iconographic analysis, proposed by Kossoy (2001). Faced with the impossibility of studying the universe of photographs published by two journals, we chose to select, via random draw, one copy per year of circulation newspaper and magazine. Thus, the study focused on 18 editions of Paraná-Norte (for the years 1951 and 1952 there are no copies available) and 7 of the magazine A Pioneira. Drawing on theoretical frameworks that deal with interfaces between story and image, press photography and memory, portraits and family albums, we conclude that, although the use of imagery has been explored differently by the two vehicles, even because of difficulties technical and financial, in both, the goal was the same: propagandize personal contributions, people, progress and local development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanica Olomucensia is the property of Palacky University in Olomouc and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Presents information about the presentation of the Fulker Award for the paper titled "Including Measured Genotypes in Statistical Models to Study the Interplay of Multiple Factors Affecting Complex Traits," by researcher Edwin van den Oord and Harold Snieder published in the 2002 issue of the medical journal "Behavior Genetics" that outlined a comprehensive statistical model and analytic methodology for including measured genotypes in statistical models. Overview of this award; Account of articles published in 2002 issue of the journal; Highlights of this paper.

Copyright of Dokuz Eylul University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences is the property of Dokuz Eylul University Graduate School of Social Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The aim of this paper is to determine the level of populist and nationalist trends in the Polish influential press articles related to the global financial crisis triggered on 15 September 2008 by the collapse of the Lehman Brothers investment bank. The result of the Polish presence in the European Union and NATO structures is that the crisis situations in Western Europe and the USA constitute an important topic for Polish media, and allow for the assessment of the level of approval/criticism towards the Western world. The author assumed that the domination of populist and nationalist trends is a sign of Euro-skepticism, while their presence that is not more than incidental - a sign of pro-European attitude. The paper versions of the most influential Polish press titles constitute the research material, namely daily papers: "Rzeczpospolita" and "Gazeta Wyborcza" and weekly magazines: "Newsweek Polska" and "Polityka". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is based on a workshop given at CLESOL 2018 which outlined an approach to teaching reading in the adult ESOL classroom using authentic, human interest stories from the printed news media. The approach integrates reading instruction and classroom interaction drawing on the notions of 'talk around text' (Barton & Lee, 2011) and what van Lier (1996) has termed 'instructional conversation'. While 'talk around text' provides the theoretical rationale for talking about a topical newspaper story in the classroom, 'instructional conversation' refers to what the teacher actually does to facilitate meaning in classroom talk and highlights the importance of scaffolding as a pedagogical strategy. After outlining the context of adult might ESOL, the paper sketches the theoretical rationale for the approach and outlines how it is enacted, or brought to life, in the classroom. A number of principles that teachers might wish to adopt in their own contexts when teaching reading are then identified. A second aim of the paper, supplementary to the pedagogical focus, makes a case for reflective practice in order to highlight the need for English language teachers to make sense of their own practice, and ultimately develop their own theories of/for practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is concerned with the terminology adopted in English to translate the Italian concept of reddito di cittadinanza (Rdc). An analysis was carried out on a dataset consisting of newspaper articles in English, in order to examine how the notion of Rdc was rendered in the British press. By evaluating the different expressions used to convey the meaning of the concept, the paper shows how the terminology adopted in English might affect target readers' understanding of the functioning and mechanisms of Rdc, frustrating the attempt to explain this particular benefit with reference to comparable measures in place in other national systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Pasado y Memoria. Revista de Historia Contemporánea is the property of Pasado y Memoria and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The paper analyses aspects of literature works as presented in article published in the periocal "Flacăra" (July - December 1979)1, one of the propagandistic instrument of the Romanian Communist Party. The Flacăra newspaper includes a series of articles that highlight the folding of certain authors and their vision regarding the dogma of the communist regime, the periodical representing a strong factor of influence among the general public. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Lenguas Modernas is the property of Universidad de Chile, Facultad de Filosofia y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acotaciones: Investigación y Creación Teatral is the property of Real Escuela Superior de Arte Dramatico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Kroatologija is the property of University of Zagreb, Centre for Croatian Studies and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of CIRCULO de Linguistica Aplicada a la Comunicacion is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arqueología Iberoamericana is the property of Arqueologia Iberoamericana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The basis of every hydraulic system is based on energy transformations, which are realized through hydraulic working fluid. Hydraulic oils are certainly subject to changes within their structure, meaning the basic characteristics and parameters of hydraulic oil, such as density, viscosity, humidity. The oils that are exploited are exposed to the process of degradation, which largely leads to significantly poorer quality of hydraulic fluid. The paper deals with the influence of changes in the characteristics of the hydraulic fluid on the hydraulic operating parameters of the gear pump installed on the hydraulic press. The parameters refer to pressure, flow, and temperature, as well as the quality of hydraulic oil, which affects the volumetric efficiency of the pump, and the results presented in the conclusion are based on the measured values of parameters before and after corrective measures. The control of parameters aims to increase the efficiency and reliability of the hydraulic system, a way of modern detection of deviations of parameters from standard, required values. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

What is the role of media(tisation) in organisation and provision of elderly care? By looking at how planning, organising and execution of elderly care is understood in two Swedish municipalities this paper seeks to contribute to discussions of the ways in which values, preferences and working practices of news media play out in shaping conditions for provision of municipal welfare services. Our findings suggest that we can see the role of media values and preferences as embedded - although in different ways and to varying extent - in three distinct but inter-related processes that influence how actors connected to organisation and provision of municipal welfare services understand and relate to each other. These are: 1) setting the aims, aspirations and priorities in the provision of welfare services (i.e., the what); 2) translating these aims, aspirations and priorities into necessary means, resources and activities (i.e., the how); and 3) explaining and justifying the what and the how to different constituencies (i.e., the why). The paper concludes that commonly held values and beliefs about media reinforce the ongoing changes in the governing regime of elderly care in a direction where the role of municipal administrative bodies is more explicitly articulated, especially in terms of accountability and responsibility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The perestroika-time public discussion about the “white spots” of history in the Kaliningrad region focused on the history of East Prussia, which had previously been under a tacit ban. This article analyzes publications about the pre-war past of the region in the popular youth newspaper “Kaliningradskiy komsomolets” from 1985-1991. It examines the process of changing the regional historical narrative and characterizes the transformation of the historical memory of Kaliningrad residents during the years of perestroika. The paper aims to trace how the “discovery” of East Prussian themes occurred, who promoted the new historical narrative and by what means, and the stages through which the process of “appropriation” of the cultural heritage inherited after the war by the inhabitants of the region went. The study utilized a qualitative-quantitative content analysis method of newspaper texts, conducted with the help of the MAX QDA 2020 program. The results were interpreted using the categories of “Our Own” and “the Other” from B. Wandelfels’ philosophical concept and P. Nora’s “place of memory” one. The paper concludes that by the early 1990s, Kaliningrad society had varied approaches to the “pre-Soviet” period ranging from denial of the significance of the “foreign” and “the Other” heritage to its full acceptance as “one’s own”. The analysis of the content of the publications, including the commemorative practices reflected in the newspaper, shows that the regional historical narrative changed during the years of perestroika. The course of “exorcising the Prussian spirit”, approved immediately after the war, although not completely eradicated, became a marginal phenomenon, while the study, preservation, and utilization of the experience and historical and cultural heritage of the predecessors became the dominant trend in which the press of the glasnost’ era played a significant role.

This paper argues that perceptions towards asylum seekers are shaped by both media representation as well as lived experiences in and around asylum accommodation. Drawing on Lefebvre's spatial triad, the paper aims at disentangling the conceived, perceived and lived spaces of asylum accommodation in order to understand asylum accommodation as a space that is produced and re-produced in everyday life. The paper discusses the case of the Grandhotel Cosmopolis (GHC), a prominent example of local innovation in asylum accommodation located in southern Germany. It compares and contrasts the GHC' media representation in national and local news media with local residents' evaluation and direct experiences with this project and its effects on how asylum seekers are perceived. The results of the media analysis highlight a difference between a national 'utopian' framing and a local 'experiment' framing of the GHC. Local residents' direct experiences proved influential in their evaluation of the project, yet could not overrule dominant media representations of asylum seekers. The paper concludes by suggesting that the GHC' relative openness produces a space which allows for contact and familiarization between local residents and asylum seekers, yet that dominant framings of asylum seekers as criminals or victims also contributed to a perceived closedness of its space and discouraged contact and familiarization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses a group of metaphors conceptualising the welfare state as a participant in the ATTACK scenario, as well as several related metaphors involving the use of force, in a corpus of British newspaper articles published between 2008 and April 2015. The analysis draws on a point of convergence between Discourse-Historical Approach and Conceptual Metaphor Theory, focusing on the argumentative functions of these metaphors. The paper finds that these particular metaphors are attested predominantly in the left-leaning newspapers. As a predication strategy with a coercive effect, they typically work to axiologically and emotionally undermine the austerity policies of the Coalition government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we propose the design and implementation of the new geo-tagged media management system. A large amount of daily geo-tagged media data generated by user's smart phone, mobile device, dash cam and camera. Geo-tagged media, such as geovideos and geophotos, can be captured with spatial temporal information such as time, location, visible area, camera direction, moving direction and visible distance information. Due to the increase in geo-tagged multimedia data, the researches for efficient managing and mining geo-tagged multimedia are newly expected to be a new area in database and data mining. This paper proposes a geotagged media management system, so called Open GeoCMS (Geo-tagged media Contents Management System). Open GeoCMS is a new framework to manage geo-tagged media data on the web. Our framework supports various types which are for moving point, moving photo – a sequence of photos by a drone, moving double and moving video. Also, GeoCMS has the label viewer and editor system for photos and videos. The Open GeoCMS have been developed as an open source system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Mundos do Trabalho is the property of Revista Mundos do Trabalho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tonos Digital: Revista de Estudios Filológicos is the property of Servicio de Publicaciones de la Universidad de Murcia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Brazilian Journalism Research is the property of Sur le journalisme, About journalism, Sobre jornalismo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

"The Press and the People: Cheap Print & Society in Scotland, 1500-1785" is a comprehensive survey of cheap print and popular literature in early modern Scotland. The book explores the relationship between increased book production and circulation, mass communication, and popular culture. It examines the emergence of a literate society in Scotland and the role of cheap prints in promoting literacy. The book also highlights the contributions of women printers and the importance of caddies and paper criers in sustaining the book trade. Overall, this book provides valuable insights into the history of cheap print in Scotland and its impact on society. [Extracted from the article]

The Supreme Court has constructed key parts of First Amendment law around two underlying assumptions. The first is that the press is a powerful actor capable of obtaining government information and checking government power. The second is that the executive branch is bound by various internal and external constraints that limit its ability to keep information secret. Judges and legislators have long assumed that these twin forces--an emboldened press and a constrained executive--maintain a rough balance between the press's desire to uncover secrets and the executive's desire to keep information hidden. Landmark First Amendment cases such as the Pentagon Papers decision embody this view. Professor Cass Sunstein has described these cases as establishing a "First Amendment equilibrium," one that arises out of the structural competition between the press and the executive. Today, judges and legislators continue to treat the press and the government as equal combatants in these disputes. Yet whatever equilibrium might once have existed between the press and executive branch has been destabilized. The institutional press has been eviscerated in recent years--hemorrhaging talent, expertise, resources, and legitimacy. Wide swaths of the country now qualify as "news deserts," lacking any local press presence at all. Public trust in the mainstream media has also plummeted. At the same time, many internal checks no longer constrain the ability of the executive branch to guard its secrets. This combination of a hollowed-out press and an insufficiently checked executive has given rise to a First Amendment disequilibrium, unsettling the foundations of this critical segment of constitutional law. This Article describes the causes and consequences of this disequilibrium and argues that recalibration is essential to fostering effective democratic self-governance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]