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This paper addresses the estimation of adjacency effect in ground spectrum and Landsat-5 pixels. The adjacency effect influences the digital number value of a pixel by adding surface surrounding scatter signals and path scatter signals at the sensor. Along with the increasing use of satellite high-resolution imagery and quantitative remote sensing, much attention has been paid to the experimental measurement and estimation of the natural phenomena of adjacency effects. Based on the theory of radiation transfer, a procedure was designed to measure the reflectance from the surface target materials and the materials in a box which is 1.5 m above the surface to avoid upwelling reflectance. At every 3 × 3 sites, the measurement was carried out during 10:30 to 13:30 of local time at the Guanting Remote Sensing Test Site in north Beijing. The results show that the adjacency effect becomes stronger from visible, near infrared to shortwave infrared wavelength; the adjacency effect weakens with the increase of distance between testing site. At last, the adjacency effect of Landsat-5 image was corrected, and the quality of the resulting image was improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]