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Ancient coppice woodlands are forest stands of coppice origin with a long-term continual development and preserved typical natural and historic elements of old coppices. Significant natural elements in ancient coppices include polycormons of coppice shoots, pollard trees, trees with holes, dendrotelms, reserved trees, ecotones, glades and significant plant and animal species. Significant historic elements of localities with ancient coppices include archaeological monuments, boundary ditches and walls, boundary stones, boundary trees, myths and legends, sacral objects, old roads and paths, technical objects and plough land remainders. The paper presents differentiation of assumptions for the occurrence of ancient coppices in the territory of the Czech Republic using the COPF coefficient and examples of results from basic regional inventory (Kuřim region) and detailed local survey (locality Lebeďák) of coppice-originated forests. The extinction of the phenomenon of ancient coppice woodlands would mean irreparable impoverishment of the natural and cultural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study deals with the identification systems based on EU standards URN:NBN. For the analysis were selected systems in Finland, Italy, the Netherlands and Germany (The German system provides services for Austria and Switzerland too). The paper analyzes the technical solutions and national diversity of individual cases implementations of the URN: NBN standard. The study in the introduction gives an overview of the identification system for digital documents and describes in detail the standard URN:NBN. The main part of the study is based on a comparison of selected categories (object of identification, participants in the system, the syntax model and the rules of system) of various national identification system, including systems ČIDLO (Czech system based on standard URN:NBN). The study aims to present the possibilities and limitations of the system using standard URN:NBN and to emphasize its role in the processes of long-term preservation and accessibility of digital documents of national cultural heritage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]