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Purpose of Review: Allergenic molecules of the house dust mite (HDM) are crucially important indoor allergens, contributing to allergic rhinitis and asthma around the globe. In the past years, recombinant molecules for diagnostics opened new pathways to investigate individual sensitization profiles and new chances for the prevention and treatment of HDM allergy. This review summarizes the latest findings on the evolution of IgE responses towards mite allergens., Recent Findings: Several cross-sectional and longitudinal studies confirmed the role of Der p 1 and Der p 2 as major allergenic proteins of the HDM. A newly identified player is the major allergen Der p 23. Apart from identifying the early sensitization towards this molecule as a risk factor for asthma in school age, a recent longitudinal study described sensitization patterns showing that the production of IgE usually starts towards a group of initiator proteins and may stay monomolecular or expand to an oligo- or even polymolecular stage. This phenomenon also correlates to clinical symptoms. A relation between a broad sensitization pattern and symptom severity has also been shown cross-sectionally. Individual sensitization profiles towards HDM allergens provide important information to evaluate a patient's current stage and risk for clinical symptoms. This knowledge paves the way for an early and adequate prevention and/or treatment.

Allergen immunotherapy is a cornerstone in the treatment of allergic children. The clinical efficiency relies on a well‐defined immunologic mechanism promoting regulatory T cells and downplaying the immune response induced by allergens. Clinical indications have been well documented for respiratory allergy in the presence of rhinitis and/or allergic asthma, to pollens and dust mites. Patients who have had an anaphylactic reaction to hymenoptera venom are also good candidates for allergen immunotherapy. Administration of allergen is currently mostly either by subcutaneous injections or by sublingual administration. Both methods have been extensively studied and have pros and cons. Specifically in children, the choice of the method of administration according to the patient's profile is important. Although allergen immunotherapy is widely used, there is a need for improvement. More particularly, biomarkers for prediction of the success of the treatments are needed. The strength and efficiency of the immune response may also be boosted by the use of better adjuvants. Finally, novel formulations might be more efficient and might improve the patient's adherence to the treatment. This user's guide reviews current knowledge and aims to provide clinical guidance to healthcare professionals taking care of children undergoing allergen immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mobile health is the "medical and public health practice supported by mobile devices, such as mobile phones, patient monitoring devices, personal digital assistants, and other wireless devices." For example, mobile apps (such as MASK‐Air, Allergy.Monitor, Pollen, and others) have proven useful in the management of patients with allergic rhinitis. These apps can be used in the context of broader clinical decision support systems (CDSS) for enhancing allergy‐related decisions and actions with pertinent, organized clinical knowledge and patient information to improve allergy care. A CDSS targeted to control rhinitis with drugs and other interventions guiding the patient in his/her self‐ and doctor‐driven management is currently being produced and investigated by the MACVIA network. Another one, called @IT‐2020, is targeted to support etiologic diagnostics and allergen immunotherapy (AIT) prescriptions for patients with seasonal allergic rhinitis. Intensive investigation is necessary to better define the advantages and limitations of mobile‐health technology in allergology and establish guidelines for their proper use in daily practice in the context of a rapidly evolving European regulatory environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology ( EAACI) is in the process of developing the EAACI Guidelines for Allergen Immunotherapy ( AIT) for the Prevention of Allergic Disease. We seek to critically assess the effectiveness, cost-effectiveness, and safety of AIT in the prevention of allergic disease. Methods We will undertake a systematic review, which will involve searching international biomedical databases for published, in progress and unpublished evidence. Studies will be independently screened against pre-defined eligibility criteria and critically appraised using established instruments. Data will be descriptively and, if possible and appropriate, quantitatively synthesized. Discussion The findings from this review will be used to inform the development of recommendations for EAACI's Guidelines on AIT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]