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This paper presents a less familiar topic, the concept and characterisation of the American Mediterranean and its specific features. It addresses the fundamental similarities and differences between the European and the American Mediterranean. The study analyses the role of peninsulas in the American Mediterranean and highlights the cultural, linguistic and religious divisions within the region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper deals with the analysis of American citizens travelling to Europe, examining the degree of persistence of the series and testing whether shocks are of a transitory or of a permanent nature. For this purpose, we use a methodology based on fractional integration, including seasonal autoregressions to describe the short-run (seasonal) dynamics underlying the series. We show that the series is highly persistent with an order of integration slightly below one. Moreover, the existence of a unit root cannot be rejected at standard significance levels. In the final part of the paper, we also examine the existence of a structural break, comparing the degree of persistence before and after the September 11th attacks. The results indicate that there has been a substantial reduction in the degree of persistence after the break in 2001.Tourism and Hospitality Research (2009) 9, 3–8. doi:10.1057/thr.2008.38; published online 24 November 2008 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper revisits the relationship between human capital and income inequality, using an updated data set on human capital inequality and a novel database on earnings inequality. We find an inverted U-shaped relationship between these two inequality indicators, but with significant differences across countries regarding the turning point. Skill-biased technological change is found to be an additional force that may blur the relationship between human capital and earnings inequality. Over and above the effect exerted through earnings inequality, the paper shows that human capital inequality has a direct positive effect on income inequality.

This study aims to review the scientific papers on Early Childhood Education for Sustainability (ECEfS) published between 2008 and 2020 and reveal changes in the area. This systematic review was carried out in two stages. In the first stage, a systematic review of papers on ECEfS was conducted according to the specified criteria, and all identified studies were evaluated descriptively. In the second stage, interventional research was evaluated, and their results were reviewed. It was seen that qualitative research methods were mostly preferred in the reviewed studies and most of them were conducted with children. It was determined that the most frequently discussed pillar is environmental. Moreover, the number of interventional research studies is limited. The research findings, it is thought that there is a need for future studies that use interventional, experimental and action research methods, holistically addressing pillars of sustainability

In 1968, after several disappointing years in Europe, where he wanted to trace his white aristocratic family tree, Frank Walter returns to his native Antigua and opens a photo studio. He didn't anticipate being seen in Europe as only Black, rather than mixed‐race, and contemplates how to materialize this complex history. The studio was key for the one thousand two hundred fifty‐plus miniature paintings he made before his death: he painted many of them on the back of studio photographs. To behold the relationship between the two sides of these images, one first has to suspend the knowledge claims and self‐evident gestures that have relegated the photographic versos to static objects. One has to take hold of them — tilt, turn, and flip them. This article explores the overlooked role of contingency within the history of photography to reposition Walter's studio photographs/paintings as flip‐objects. They do not just materially hold together aesthetic forms that are often epistemologically opposed to one another, inscribing studio photography, ephemera, blackness, and the Caribbean into Romantic painting, extant materials, whiteness, and Europe, for example. Rather, these works initiate a demand for reorientation, postulating that these different modes and media of visual representation can only be seen through one another, like a thaumatropic image. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Often, when one flips through the works on world religions one surprisingly discovers that little or nothing is said about African Religion. Whenever it dawns on the authors who are invariably Europeans to dare say something about the religion, it often comes in a negative mould. Some address the whole continental religion as a mere native religion others dub it in unprintable terms and names under the canopy of heaven. Some people still go as far as asserting that Africa has no religion at all. It is under this backdrop that this paper examines what the West regards as religion, matching it with what Africa understands as religion disclosing unprecedented match in all angles. Then, it becomes obvious that Africa has an authentic religion. Thereafter, the paper searches for the reason for excluding the religion from among the world religions. It stunned the paper writer to discover that African religion is so contemptuously treated because of the West's disdainful mindset on anything black and indeed on the so-called Third World. Besides, the paper discovers that African Religion is not only very much with Africa presently, guiding and directing their moral life but that it is slowly but surely expanding into Europe, Americas and Caribbean countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper studies the differences between Caribbean and European dance forms, by posing the question 'What is the difference between Daaance and Daunce?' The difference is grounded in the inherited historical consciousness and is demonstrated on the body. Spirit Daaance is the natural movement that represents precise identity for people of different cultures and is found specific to each nation. Spirit Daaances are the daaances of purpose that communicate the spirit of a people. 'Daunce' on the other hand refers to the movement structures dominated by the vocabulary of European Classical Ballet. This hegemonic training procedure provided the genesis of and the training methods of Modern Contemporary Dance. 'Daunce' reflects the culture of Europe from which it originated. The training procedure for one to execute Daunce includes training the body to be able to execute geometric deplication. So it became necessary to develop a basic and deliberate requirement of attaining a 180 degree turn-out from the hip and of the feet. Focus is placed on the centre and restrained flexibility of the spinal column of the dancer. That foundation is not earth bound but elevated skywards. Caribbean Dance begins from a spiritual space, the ancestral groundation of the blood sweat and tears of the millions of Africans deposited on the shores with a dash of China, India, and Europe. This is Caribbean Daaance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to centralize and amplify LGBTQ international educators' voices on how to expand school inclusivity to consider their complex realities. Seventeen LGBTQ international educators were interviewed as to what recommendations they would make to school leaders that could improve work situations for LGBTQ international staff and to future LGBTQ international educators who seek a global career. An analysis of the recommendations revealed four themes in the data: pre-departure preparation, finding community, cultural navigation, and school leadership. A core finding is that sexuality and gender are not neutral in international schools and that LGBTQ international educators require different kinds of support than their cisgender, heterosexual counterparts.

On 15 October 2008, CARIFORUM became the first region among the African, Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group of countries to sign a ‘full’ Economic Partnership Agreement (EPA) with the European Union (EU). Although the EPA process has generated widespread critical commentary, few analysts have stopped to consider the motives of individual ACP countries and regions in their approach to the talks. In this article we consider the question of motives in relation to the CARIFORUM-EU EPA. Specifically, it asks why did CARIFORUM feel it necessary or desirable to sign a ‘full’ EPA, containing numerous provisions not actually mandated by the WTO, when the rest of the ACP was content to sign far less ambitious ‘goods only’ interim agreements? In order to address this question, the article goes beyond the extant EU-ACP trade literature to build on wider international political economy (IPE) scholarship, which has analysed the actions of developing countries in relation to a whole range of ‘WTO-plus’ North–South regional and bilateral FTAs. On this basis, the article stands back from the complex details of the agreement to analyse its wider significance, especially in terms of the presumed trade-off between the immediate economic benefits of improved and more secure market access, against the longer term costs of sacrificing the regulatory autonomy, or policy space, deemed necessary to pursue the type of trade and industrial policies deployed successfully in the past by both developed and (some) developing countries. Put simply, the article seeks to ascertain why ultimately CARIFORUM signed an agreement, what it gained from the negotiations and at what cost. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Neutropenia associated with race/ethnicity has essentially been unexplained and, although thought to be benign, may affect therapy for cancer or other illnesses. A recent study linked a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) (rs2814778) in the Duffy antigen/receptor chemokine gene ( DARC) with white blood cell count. We therefore analysed the association of the rs2814778 CC, TC and TT genotypes with absolute neutrophil count (ANC) among asymptomatic women from the Caribbean, Europe and the United States. Among 261 study participants, 33/47 women from Barbados/Trinidad-Tobago, 34/49 from Haiti, 26/37 from Jamaica, and 29/38 US-born black women, but only 4/50 from the Dominican Republic and 0/40 US- or European-born whites ( P = 0·0001) had the CC genotype. In a linear regression model that included percentage African ancestry, national origin, cytokines, socio-economic factors and the ELA2 rs57834246 SNP, only the DARC rs2814778 genotype and C-reactive protein were associated with ANC ( P < 0·0001). Women with the CC genotype had lower ANC than other women. Further research is needed on the associations of rs2814778 genotype with neutropenia and treatment delay in the setting of cancer. A better understanding of these associations may help to improve cancer outcomes among individuals of African ancestry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]