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Gamma-phase cesium lead tri-bromide perovskite nanocrystals (γ-CsPbBr3 NCs) possess potentially photo-catalytic degradation ability and long-term stability. However, their serious aggregation issue decreases their active surface area, and the recombination of photo-generated hole–electron pairs weakens their photo-catalytic property. Furthermore, these NCs can be easily absorbed on the surface of dyes [e.g., methylene blue (MB)] or dissolved in the dye solution during the photo-catalytic degradation process, thus reducing the amount of γ-CsPbBr3 NCs and their photo-catalytic degradation ability. Besides, the residual γ-CsPbBr3 NCs in the photo-catalytic degradation products also present the toxicity issue (containing Pb) and are hazardous to the ecological environment and human health. In the present study, we fabricated γ-CsPbBr3 NCs/polymethyl methacrylate electrospun nanofibrous membranes (γ-CsPbBr3 NCs/PMMA ENMs) by using electrospinning technology to solve the above problems. It is found that the synthesized γ-CsPbBr3 NCs/PMMA ENMs show a large surface area and the abundant functional groups on their surfaces, which are benefit for forming multiple kinds of chemical bonding effect between γ-CsPbBr3 NCs and PMMA ENMs. In addition, γ-CsPbBr3 NCs could disperse homogeneously in or on the surface of PMMA ENMs. These abundant chemical bonds and homogeneous distributions of γ-CsPbBr3 NCs on the surface of PMMA ENMs can significantly decrease the recombination of photo-generated hole–electron pairs and toxicity issue of γ-CsPbBr3 NCs during the photo-catalytic degradation process. Exhilaratingly, γ-CsPbBr3 NCs/PMMA ENMs could maintain a superior photo-catalytic degradation ability toward various dyes and reveal a high photo-catalytic degradation efficiency of 99.18% in 60 min for MB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The totally implantable venous access port (TIVAP) provides patients with safe, effective and long-term convenient venous access for the administration of medications such as chemotherapy drugs. The implantation and long-term use of TIVAP are related to thrombosis, infection and other complications. In this study, the medical records of multicentre patients were collected, and the perioperative and postoperative complications were retrospectively analysed to objectively evaluate the safety of the implantation of supraclavicular, ultrasound-guided TIVAP via the brachiocephalic vein (BCV).Patients and Methods: We retrospectively analysed the clinical data of 433 adult patients who had undergone ultrasound-guided TIVAP implantation via the BCV at four hospitals in China from March 2018 to May 2019. The success rates of the first puncture, operation time, and perioperative and postoperative complications were analysed.Results: All the TIVAPs were implanted successfully (100%). The average TIVAP carrying time was 318.15 ±44.22 days (range: 38-502 days) for a total of 197,694 catheter days. The success rate of the first puncture was 94.92% (411/433), and the average operation time was 29.66 ±7.45 min (range: 18-60 min). The perioperative complications included arterial puncture in 4 patients and pneumothorax in 1 patient. The incidence of postoperative complications was 5.08% (22/433), including poor incision healing (n = 2), catheter-related infection (n = 3), port infection (n = 6), thrombosis (n = 2) and fibrin sheath formation (n = 8). Another patient had infusion disturbance 2 days after the operation, and chest X-ray showed bending at the connection between the catheter and port. No other serious complications occurred, such as catheter rupture and drug leakage. The total incidence of complications was 6.24% (27/433).Conclusion: This study showed excellent tolerance of supraclavicular, ultrasound-guided BCV puncture to implant TIVAP and a low incidence of complications. As a safe and effective method of TIVAP implantation, it can provide a new choice for clinicians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We prepared peapod-like titanium dioxide@graphene@carbon (TiO2@GO@C) nanofiber membranes through electrospinning. Due to the porous structure, large surface area, abundant surface functional groups and excellent thermal conductivity, GO can capsulize TiO2 nanoparticles to form a pea-like TiO2@GO structure. Subsequently, TiO2@GO can be wrapped by the carbon nanofiber during an electrospinning process, forming peapod-like TiO2@GO@C nanofiber membranes. The existence of a peapod-like structure is beneficial for enhancing the crystallinity of TiO2, and preventing the phase transformation of TiO2 from anatase to rutile phase at the same time. Furthermore, on the basis of the excellent carrier transport property of GO, the peapod-like TiO2@GO@C structure could also improve the light absorption, reduce recombination of hole–electron pairs, and improve the carrier transport and finally photocatalytic degradation property of methylene blue. Besides, the pea-like TiO2@GO structure shows a dispersion strengthening effect in the carbon nanofibers, preventing the carbon nanofibers from fracture. In particular, by optimizing the heat treatment temperature and additional amount of GO, the peapod-like TiO2@GO@C nanofiber membranes with 0.3 wt% GO show an excellent photocatalytic degradation efficiency of 98.5% in 3 h, and a high strength of 356.07 cN per dtex. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To compare ultrasound‐guided right brachiocephalic vein (BCV) central venous catheter (CVC) placement to right subclavian vein (SCV) CVC insertion in terms of the puncture success rate and complications. Methods: A retrospective review was performed for all adult patients who received an ultrasound‐guided CVC via the right BCV or right SCV access route between January 2016 and March 2018. The puncture success rates and procedure‐related complications were analyzed. Results: Data were analyzed from 755 adult patients who underwent 915 CVC insertions. The overall success rate was higher in the BCV group compared to that in the SCV group (98.99% versus 96.87%; P = .019). The first‐attempt success rate was higher in the BCV group compared to that in the SCV group (96.64% versus 89.34%; P < .001). Intraoperative complications were observed in 16 cases in the BCV group (2.68%) and in 12 cases in the SCV group (3.76%). The incidence rates of postprocedure complications were 5.20% in the BCV group and 6.58% in the SCV group and included catheter‐related infections and thrombosis. Conclusions: Ultrasound‐guided cannulation of the right BCV is an effective and safe method for CVC placement in adult patients and provides an additional option for catheter access. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Ultrasound guidance has become the routine method for catheterization, dramatically reducing failure and complication rates for totally implantable venous access devices (TIVAD) placement. The aim of the present study was to report the safety and efficacy of ultrasound‐guided right innominate vein TIVAD placement in older patients. Methods: Between September 2015 and September 2017, 55 older patients underwent right innominate vein TIVAD placement under ultrasound guidance. Intraoperative fluoroscopy was always carried out. The technical success rate and complications were recorded and retrospectively analyzed. Results: The technical success rate was 100%. The success rate of the first puncture was 96.36% (53/55). The mean operation time was 28 ± 7 min (range 23–39 min), and the mean length of catheter introduction was 19.24 ± 2.65 cm (range 17–21 cm). The overall incidence of complications was 7.27% (4/55), including one arterial puncture with self‐limiting hematoma, two cases of catheter‐related infection and one case of fibrin sheath. No catheter malposition or catheter fracture was observed. At the time of this study, three TIVAD were pulled out unexpectedly, and 32 TIVAD are still in functional use. Conclusions: Ultrasound‐guided puncture of the right innominate vein is safe and reliable to implant TIVAD, which can provide new options for older patients. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2019; 19: 218–221. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided totally implantable venous access ports (TIVAPs) via the right brachiocephalic vein (BCV) or the left BCV approach. Methods : Patients requiring TIVAP for chemotherapy were included in the study. US-guided TIVAPs via BCV were used for patients from July 2018 to December 2018. General information about the patients (sex, age, and diagnosis), side (right or left), surgical procedures and complications were recorded. Results: A total of 107 TIVAPs in 107 patients (ages 38-73 years) were included, 75 via the right BCV and 32 via the left BCV. All of the patients underwent successful surgery. The BCV was successfully punctured on the first attempt in 99 patients (92.52%). Two attempts were needed in 6 patients (5.61%), and three attempts were necessary in 2 patients (1.87%). The mean operation time was 29 ± 5 min (range: 24 to 38 min). No serious complications occurred during the surgery, except the formation of a local haematoma in 1 case after artery puncture. During the follow-up period of 12 months, the incidence of long-term complications was 3.74% (4/107), including 2 cases of catheter-related infection and 2 cases of fibrin sheath formation. No serious complications such as catheter malposition or rupture were found. Conclusion: US-guided TIVAP via the BCV offers an alternative for adults with good needle guidance and a low rate of perioperative and postoperative complications., Competing Interests: Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interest exists., (© The author(s).)

Gamma-phase cesium lead tri-bromide perovskite nanocrystals (γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs) possess potentially photo-catalytic degradation ability and long-term stability. However, their serious aggregation issue decreases their active surface area, and the recombination of photo-generated hole-electron pairs weakens their photo-catalytic property. Furthermore, these NCs can be easily absorbed on the surface of dyes [e.g., methylene blue (MB)] or dissolved in the dye solution during the photo-catalytic degradation process, thus reducing the amount of γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs and their photo-catalytic degradation ability. Besides, the residual γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs in the photo-catalytic degradation products also present the toxicity issue (containing Pb) and are hazardous to the ecological environment and human health. In the present study, we fabricated γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs/polymethyl methacrylate electrospun nanofibrous membranes (γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs/PMMA ENMs) by using electrospinning technology to solve the above problems. It is found that the synthesized γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs/PMMA ENMs show a large surface area and the abundant functional groups on their surfaces, which are benefit for forming multiple kinds of chemical bonding effect between γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs and PMMA ENMs. In addition, γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs could disperse homogeneously in or on the surface of PMMA ENMs. These abundant chemical bonds and homogeneous distributions of γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs on the surface of PMMA ENMs can significantly decrease the recombination of photo-generated hole-electron pairs and toxicity issue of γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs during the photo-catalytic degradation process. Exhilaratingly, γ-CsPbBr 3 NCs/PMMA ENMs could maintain a superior photo-catalytic degradation ability toward various dyes and reveal a high photo-catalytic degradation efficiency of 99.18% in 60 min for MB.

Agaricus sinodeliciosus is an edible species described from China and has been successfully cultivated. However, no studies have yet reported the influence factors implicated in the process of fructification. To better know abiotic and biotic factors, physiochemical characteristics and microbial communities were investigated in five different soil samples collected in the native habitats of specimens from northern Xinjiang, southern Xinjiang, and Zhejiang Province, respectively. There are major differences in texture and morphology among different specimens of A. sinodeliciosus from Xinjiang Province. A. sinodeliciosus from southern Xinjiang was the largest. Concentrations of DOC and TN and C/N ratio are not the main reason for the differences. Microbial communities were analyzed to find out mushroom growth promoting microbes (MGPM), which may lead to the differences. Functional microbes were picked out and can be divided into two categories. Microbes in the first category may belong to MGPM. There may be symbiotic relationships between microbes in the second category and A. sinodeliciosus. Certain analyses of microbial communities support the hypothesis that interactions between microbes and mushrooms would be implicated in morphological variation of the collected mushrooms. Redundancy analysis results indicate that high DOC/NH 4 + -N ratio and NH 4 + -N concentration can improve the yield of A. sinodeliciosus.

Both of chronic inflammation and abnormal immune in inflammatory bowel disease can induce colon cancer. Previous research showed that cell apoptosis and necrosis become the main source of circulating DNA in the peripheral blood during tumorigenesis that reduced along with methylation degree. However, its role in the process of colitis transforming to colon cancer is not clarified. Drinking 3% DSS was used to establish colitis model, while 3% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS) combined with azo oxidation methane (AOM) intraperitoneal injection was applied to establish colitis related colon cancer model. Circulating DNA and its methylation level in peripheral blood were tested. Morphology observation, HE staining, and p53 and β-catenin expression detection confirmed that drinking 3% DSS and 3% DSS combined with AOM intraperitoneal injection can successfully establish colitis and colitis associated colorectal cancer models. Circulating DNA level in colitis and colon cancer mice increased by gradient compared with control, while significant difference was observed between each other. Circulating DNA methylation level decreased obviously in colitis and colon cancer, and significant difference was observed between each other. Abnormal protein expression, circulating DNA and its methylation level in ulcerative colitis associated colorectal tissues change in gradient, suggesting that circulating DNA and its methylation level can be treated as new markers for colitis cancer transformation that has certain significance to explore the mechanism of human ulcerative colitis canceration.