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The article focuses on business conditions in Australia--which is one of the largest trading nations in the world--from geographic, economic, political, legal, and sociological perspectives. Australia is compared to the United States in terms of economic development, population, cultural similarity, and federal governmental system. Australia's Parliamentary Labor Party has a socialistic platform and strong support from trade unions. The country has a compulsory arbitration system with tribunals to manage industrial disputes. Foreign investment and protectionist policies are mentioned, as well as statistics for exports, gross national product, employment, and rural industries.

The article discusses feminist labor history in Australia. The author examines the sexual division of labor in human society. The article talks about the contemporary organization of human labor. The article looks at the revitalization of the women's movement in 1969. The historiography of this subject is also discussed. Works mentioned in the article include "Australian Pioneer Women," by Eve Pownall and "My Wife, My Daughter, and Poor Mary Ann," by Beverly Kingston. The article also discusses Australian race relations, prostitution in Australia, and women's wages.

The article discusses the effect of the Great Depression on employment policy and labor politics in Australia through the 1960s. The psychological effect of high rates of unemployment in the 1930s is discussed, as are policies of full employment, influenced by Keynsian economics, that prevailed in Australia after World War II. In particular, the government's White Paper on Full Employment, published in 1945, is discussed, as are the political reactions of labor unions and the Australian Labor Party.

The article presents an examination of Australian politics in the first half of the 20th century and explores some of the themes that have led to the view that holds there is a distinctly unique Australian political landscape. This view is comprised of the idea that politicians Alfred Deakin and Andrew Fisher popularized a political ideology called Australianism that dominated much of Australian politics during the first half of the 20th century. Politicians and political parties that have embraced these principals have succeeded while those that have deviated from these ideas have not. The article explores the implications that this idea has for the success of the Australian Labour Party.,