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Abstract: This paper describes a systematic approach for optimizing suspension systems to reduce the vibrations transmitted to workers by hand-held power tools. The optimization is based on modeling tool-operator interactions using a mobility scheme. The tool is modeled as a vibration generator, and its internal impedance is included. A hand–arm impedance matrix is used to model the operator upper limbs. The mobility model is used to identify the optimal suspension characteristics, which in our study were the set of parameters that minimizes the frequency-weighted acceleration at the hand–tool interface. Different handling conditions (one and two hands) and different working cycles with the same tools can be included in the optimization process. The constraints derived from the limitation on the increase in the tool mass and the static deflection of the mounting system under the working loads are also considered. The proposed method has been applied to the reduction of the vibrations transmitted to the operator by a small pneumatic hammer. The designed system reduced the worker’s exposure so that it is within the limits of the EU directive. The agreement between the model predictions and the measured suspension performances validates the effectiveness of this approach. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]