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Abstract: Land suitability evaluation can assist in the efficient use of land resources at a regional level. This is an important issue because of the pressures that an increasing population and economic growth have put on limited land resources. Matter-element theory, which was first put forward by the Chinese mathematician Cai Wen, has shown potential for solving incompatibility problems. Based on the matter-element model, this paper uses land use, roads, water bodies, population density, distance from center of the city, geodetic height, and slope as factors in modeling land suitability for development. Zengcheng, an urban–rural administration was used as a case study for applying the matter-element model to assessing the suitability of land for development. The model was cross referenced with local urban plans for verification and the results of this study show that the model constructed was effective at assessing the suitability of land for development. According to both the classification map created using the matter-element model and the statistics on the of land suitability classes, the study area was found to have a considerable amount of land which is highly suitable for development. After the category ‘highly suitable’, the next largest total land area was in the category of ‘not suitable’ for development, while there was relatively little land classified as moderately and marginally suitable. The percentage of the total land area of each class of suitability was 41.80%, 34.22%, 16.35% and 7.64%, respectively. Apart from this, the study also demonstrated the advantage of matter-element models over fuzzy theory, as they provide much more information. For example, all integrated degree of all classes in the paper had ranges from −1 to 1, but differed from each other by percentage. In the category of ‘highly suitable’ only 45.51% of matter-elements fully conformed to the criteria (those within a range of 0–0.5925), while the remainder (54.49%) did not corresponded to the requirements of the category, but did have the potential to do so with relatively few changes (those within a range of −0.3923–0 degrees). This data provides us with an understanding of the potential and limitation to development of the land in the region. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Human reliability analysis (HRA) is generally viewed as quite an important part in probabilistic safety assessment (PSA). In this paper, a THERP+HCR HRA model is presented to model the operators’ post-accident behavior in Chinese nuclear power plants. The paper shows how the model is structured and how to consider and acquire the corresponding data, including HCR data modification and HRA event tree data. A case study is presented to make an illustration. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Permeability, irreducible water saturation and other information associated with the pore size, such as capillary pressure, are very important input parameters in tight gas reservoir evaluation. Fortunately, those parameters can be well estimated from field NMR logs, if the proper calibrations between NMR relaxation time and capillary pressure were established with measurements from core samples. In this study, a novel calibration technique, which is used for constructing capillary pressure curve from NMR logs by combining the classical SDR model with J function, is proposed and the corresponding model is established. Based on the laboratory measurements of 54 plug samples taken from the Upper Triassic sandstone formation (Xujiahe Formation) in Anlu district, Sichuan basin, Southwest China, the model parameters are calibrated. With the calibrations established and procedures proposed in this paper, the synthetic capillary pressure curves of reservoir can be constructed from field NMR spectrum. Also from those laboratory measurements, the parameter of (defined as the pore structure index) can be well related to the Swanson''s parameter derived from capillary pressure curve. This correlation could then be used for estimating reservoir permeability from the synthetic capillary pressure curve. After formation is classified into three types by using the pore structure index, the pore throat radius cutoffs can be acquired to calculate irreducible water saturation from the pore throat radius distribution. The proposed techniques and procedures are applied in field logs and the estimated information and parameters are well verified by core and drill stem testing data. By combining with the information of reservoir pore structure, permeability and irreducible water saturation, potential low resistivity contrast gas bearing reservoirs can be identified from water layers. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Green space positively affects the quality of the environment and urban life. However it is still hard to decide where and how much green space should be planned. In China, mandatory green space required by national and local laws and regulations entails the specifying of locations and quantities of the green space. This paper proposes a new method for automatically generating the plan of mandatory green and presents a case study in the Yuhua District in Nanjing, China. Based on the regulatory plans of this area, GIS data layers are first assembled. A model is built to generate the final plan of mandatory green of the study area. In comparison with the modeled mandatory green plan, the regulatory green plan is found to be arbitrary and to fails to comply with legal requirements. The results present the model for generating the plan of mandatory green is effective and accurate. This model bridges the gap between the legal parameters of mandatory green and practical green space planning and enables those legal parameters to become the guide and assessing criteria for planning. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Member enterprises have a vital effect on the stability and system efficiency of an eco-industrial park (EIP), and a selection and control for them is an important part. This paper proposes a new method which is an establishment of both an access indicator system and an extendable optimal degree evaluation model. The indicator system comprises seven primary indicators and twenty-seven secondary indicators. The first three primary indicators, matching the existing industrial chains or not, park capacity and park environmental performance improvement, are proposed from the perspective of an EIP. The others including eco-design, economic benefit, utilization of resources, and pollution control, are suggested from the point of view of enterprises. This new access indicator system provides a basis for evaluating candidate enterprises. The extendable optimal degree evaluation which was proposed by Prof. Caiwen is a method to assess the satisfactoriness of all the indicators and to assign an optimal degree order to each candidate enterprise accordingly. There are four steps to conduct the evaluation after establishing the access indicator system: (1) selecting correlation function; (2) calculating correlations; (3) assigning weights and current values of indicators; and (4) calculating the optimal degree of all the candidate enterprises. The enterprises can be ranked based on optimal degree results. The highest-ranked enterprise should have the highest priority of entering the EIP. This study provides the specifics of applying the method by examining the case of Yantai Economy Technology Development Zone EIP (YTEIP) in Shandong province. The method provides a practical tool for controling enterprise access to an EIP. However, the reasonability and validity of indicators and effectiveness of the established method of extendable optimal degree evaluation merit further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Previous studies have revealed that statistical methods can be used to analyze land-leasing parcel data. However, the conventional statistical methods used in land analysis have some limitations, especially in cases of limited observational data. In this paper, with the help of geographic information system (GIS) techniques, a partial least squares (PLS) path model is applied to study the relationship between residential land prices and various determinants through a case study of Beijing in China. From a preliminary analysis, four latent variables are selected: accessibility of the workplace center, livability, traffic, and environment facilities. The results show that the observation variables have a strong explanatory power for their corresponding latent variables, and the four latent variables have varying impacts on residential land prices. Of the latent variables, accessibility to the workplace center has the strongest impact on the residential land price. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The identification of a deeply-buried petroleum-source rock, owing to the difficulty in sample collection, has become a difficult task for establishing its relationship with discovered petroleum pools and evaluating its exploration potential in a petroleum-bearing basin. This paper proposes an approach to trace a deeply-buried source rock. The essential points include: determination of the petroleum-charging time of a reservoir, reconstruction of the petroleum generation history of its possible source rocks, establishment of the spatial connection between the source rocks and the reservoir over its geological history, identification of its effective source rock and the petroleum system from source to trap, and evaluation of petroleum potential from the deeply-buried source rock. A case study of the W9-2 petroleum pool in the Wenchang A sag of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea was conducted using this approach. The W9-2 reservoir produces condensate oil and gas, sourced from deeply-buried source rocks. The reservoir consists of a few sets of sandstone in the Zhuhai Formation, and the possible source rocks include an early Oligocene Enping Formation mudstone and a late Eocene Wenchang Formation mudstone, with a current burial depth from 5000 to 9000m. The fluid inclusion data from the reservoir rock indicate the oil and the gas charged the reservoir about 18–3.5Ma and after 4.5Ma, respectively. The kinetic modeling results show that the main stages of oil generation of the Wenchang mudstone and the Enping mudstone occurred during 28–20Ma and 20–12Ma, respectively, and that the δ13C1 value of the gas generated from the Enping mudstone has a better match with that of the reservoir gas than the gas from the Wenchang mudstone. Results from a 2D basin modeling further indicate that the petroleum from the Enping mudstone migrated upward along the well-developed syn-sedimentary faults in the central area of the sag into the reservoir, but that the petroleum from the Wenchang mudstone migrated laterally first toward the marginal faults of the sag and then migrated upward along the faults into shallow strata. The present results suggest that the trap structure in the central area of the sag is a favorable place for the accumulation of the Enping mudstone-derived petroleum, and that the Wenchang mudstone-derived petroleum would have a contribution to the structures along the deep faults as well as in the uplifted area around the sag. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]