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Exhausting fossil fuels and increasing environmental pollutions call for the wider deployment of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), which enable the interactions of transportation and electric sectors. The extra loads for charging massive PHEVs could compromise the power system reliability and impose considerable stress on the power system. Transmission line congestions and generation capacity inadequacy could be caused under this circumstance. However, there is little literature which comprehensively studies the impact of large-scale PHEVs on the bulk power system reliability when smart grid technologies are incorporated including smart charging and flexible transmission topology control technologies. This work studies the impacts of different charging strategies and transmission network operation strategies on the bulk power system reliability with high PHEVs integration. An evolution strategy particle swarm optimization (ESPSO) algorithm is applied to optimize the charging load of PHEVs and shave the peak load. A network topology optimization (NTO) operation strategy is employed to lessen the transmission congestions and reduce the load curtailment. Based on the sequential Monte Carlo simulation method, these technologies are integrated into the reliability evaluation process. Numerical studies and sensitivity analysis are conducted on modified IEEE RTS-79 systems. The results verify the effectiveness of the technologies to realize the potential of existing power system infrastructures so as to relieve the stress caused by the PHEVs load, increase the available penetration of PHEVs and promote the bulk power system reliability which is meaningful for power system planning and risk management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Power system component failures can generally be classified into two categories: repairable random failures and aging failures. An essential step in power system reliability evaluation is the calculation of component unavailability. The paper presents a new model for calculating the unavailability due to aging failures using the normal distribution. It is based on the strictly mathematical derivation and can be used more easily with high accuracy compared to the traditional model. An example of seven generating units and two test systems of the RBTS and the IEEE-RTS were used to demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed model and its applications in power system reliability evaluation. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]