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Edge computing is a promising computing paradigm by pushing the cloud service to the network edge. To this end, edge infrastructure providers (EIPs) need to bring computation and storage resources to the network edge and allow edge service providers (ESPs) to provision latency-critical services for end users. Currently, EIPs prefer to establish a series of private edge-computing environments to serve specific requirements of users. This kind of resource provisioning mechanism severely limits the development and spread of edge computing in serving diverse user requirements. In this paper, we propose an integrated resource provisioning model, named edge federation, to seamlessly realize the resource cooperation and service provisioning across standalone edge computing providers and clouds. To efficiently schedule and utilize the resources across multiple EIPs, we systematically characterize the provisioning process as a large-scale linear programming (LP) problem and transform it into an easily solved form. Accordingly, we design a dynamic algorithm to tackle the varying service demands from users. We conduct extensive experiments over the base station networks in Toronto. Compared with the fixed contract model and multihoming model, edge federation can reduce the overall costs of EIPs by 23.3% to 24.5%, and 15.5% to 16.3%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the 2006 International Symposium on Electrical Insulation held at the Delta Chelsea Hotel in Toronto, Ontario from June 11 to 14, 2006. 117 persons attended from the 186 persons who registered. Details of the 2006 symposium are compared with statistics from previous symposia from 1990 to 2004.

With the rapid proliferation of cloud computing, the energy cost of datacenters and the impact of reactive power on the grid have become major concerns. This paper presents two energy management control schemes for distributed uninterruptible power supply (UPS) architectures utilizing lithium-ion ultracapacitors (LIC) for improved system efficiency and reactive power mitigation. One scheme is proposed for low-power servers with an internal dc bus, while another is proposed for medium-to-high-power server racks with an in-rack dc bus. The LIC and the dc bus interface with a bidirectional dc–dc converter, which allows the power supply unit to run in the optimal operating region for the improved system efficiency and power factor. The server-level UPS architecture is experimentally tested using a 200-kHz, bidirectional, multiphase dc–dc converter with hysteretic current-mode control, while achieving 33% reactive power mitigation. Based on the SciNet datacenter in Toronto, ON, Canada, a rack-level distributed UPS architecture is built in MATLAB, and system-level simulations indicate a 37% reduction in the reactive power. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The peak current estimation of lightning detection networks for strikes to tall towers is discussed in this paper. Such systems are sometimes calibrated using return-stroke current data obtained by means of rocket-triggered lightning or instrumented towers of relatively short height. However, for strikes to electrically tall towers, they tend to overestimate the return-stroke current peak. In this case, in fact, the associated radiated electromagnetic fields, from which the return-stroke current is estimated, experience a significant enhancement with respect to the field that would be radiated if the same return stroke was initiated at ground level or on a short tower. Two approaches to correct the current estimates of a lightning detection network for a lightning strike to a tall tower are discussed and applied to the current measurements obtained at the CN Tower in Toronto in the summer of 2005, for which estimates were available from the North American Lightning Detection Network (NALDN). It is shown that correcting the NALDN estimates using the so-called tower factor obtained from theoretical studies results in an excellent estimation of lightning current peaks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the highlights of the summer meeting by the Administrative Committee (AdCom) of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society (AP-S) which was held on July 11, 2010 in Toronto, Ontario. Members of the AdCom and guests introduced themselves after the meeting was called to order. Consent agenda discussion and approval of reports were also done during the meeting.

For data communications over long distances, optical wireless satellite networks (OWSNs) can offer lower latency than optical fiber terrestrial networks (OFTNs). However, when is it beneficial to switch or crossover from an OFTN to an OWSN for lower latency data communications? In this article, we introduce a crossover function that enables to find the crossover distance, i.e., a distance between two points on the surface of the Earth beyond which switching or crossing over from an OFTN to an OWSN for data communications between these points is useful in terms of latency. Numerical results reveal that a higher refractive index of optical fiber (or $i$) in an OFTN and a lower altitude of satellites (or $h$) in an OWSN result in a shorter crossover distance. To account for the variation in the end-to-end propagation distance that occurs over the OWSN, we examine the crossover function in four different scenarios. Numerical results indicate that the crossover distance varies with the end-to-end propagation distance over an OWSN and is different for different scenarios. We calculate the average crossover distance over all scenarios for different $h$ and $i$ and use it to evaluate the simulation results. Furthermore, for a comparative analysis of OFTNs and OWSNs in terms of latency, we study three different OFTNs having different refractive indexes and three different OWSNs having different satellite altitudes in three different scenarios for long-distance intercontinental data communications, including connections between New York and Dublin, Sao Paulo and London, and Toronto and Sydney. All three OWSNs offer better latency than OFTN2 (with $i_{2}$ = 1.3) and OFTN3 (with $i_{3}$ = 1.4675) in all scenarios. For example, for Toronto–Sydney connection, OWSN1 (with $h_{1}$ = 300 km), OWSN2 (with $h_{2}$ = 550 km), and OWSN3 (with $h_{3}$ = 1100 km) perform better than OFTN2 by 18.11%, 16.08%, and 10.30%, respectively, while they provide an improvement in latency of 27.46%, 25.67%, and 20.54%, respectively, compared to OFTN3. OWSN1 performs better than OFTN1 (with $i_{1}$ = 1.1) for Sao Paulo–London and Toronto–Sydney connections by 2.23% and 3.22%, respectively, while OWSN2 outperforms OFTN1 for Toronto–Sydney connection by 0.82%. For New York–Dublin connection, all OWSNs while for Sao Paulo–London connection, OWSN2 and OWSN3 exhibit higher latency than OFTN1 as the corresponding average crossover distances are greater than the shortest terrestrial distances between cities in these scenarios. Multiple satellites (or laser intersatellite links) on its shortest paths drive up the propagation distance to the extent that OWSN3 ends up with a higher latency than OFTN1 for the Toronto–Sydney intercontinental connection scenario although the related average crossover distance is less than the shortest terrestrial distance between Toronto and Sydney. The challenges related to OWSNs and OFTNs that may arise from this work in future are also highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attendees introduced themselves, and Bob Nevels welcomed current and new AdCom members and visitors. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Sure we want exceptional journals, carefully reviewed so we will not have to waste weeks delving into a paper that turns out to be smoke and mirrors. We also want some services that reflect the dues we pay to belong to the Society. However, nothing in the AP Society leaves us with a feeling of exhilaration like a good conference, and the Toronto conference, which as I write this article was a recent experience, met our expectations in every way. Many thanks to the conference Chair, George Eleftheriades; Vice-Chair, Ravi Adve; Technical Program Chair, Lot Shafai; and all the other conference committee members that helped to make the 2010 IEEE AP-S/URSI Symposium the highlight event of the year for the Society. Something that really makes the conference committee feel good about the five years of hard work and planning are the appreciative e-mails that are sent after the event. George should be recovered enough to be able to open his e-mail by the time you read this, so if you have been thinking about how much you enjoyed the experience, please send him a note at gelefth@waves.utoronto.ca. Also, if you have some suggestions as to how we can improve the annual North American summer Symposium, our Meetings Chair, Jeff. Young Gyoung@mrc.uidaho.edu), would very much like to have your input. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Opinion. Profiles career and experiences of B.A. Griffith at University of Toronto. Details of birth and education; Marriage to Jean MacLean; Career before and after World War II; Involvement in various projects at University of Toronto; Installation of Ferut at university; Formation of KCS Data Control; Experiences with Ferut.

The article offers information on the 2013 IEEE International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS) which is sponsored by the IEEE Society on the Social Implications of Technology (SSIT) in Toronto, Ontario.

The article covers issues related to the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the Education Committee of the IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society (AP-S) as of February 2010. The Committee is sponsoring a reception at the AP-S Symposium in Toronto, Ontario for students, their advisors and Graduates of the Last Decade (GOLD). It notes that November 1, 2010 is the deadline of the application for the AP-S Pre-Doctoral and Doctoral Research Awards. It offers information on the Expert Now continuing-education initiative of the IEEE.

Editorial. Presents a discussion on the International Switching Symposium's (ISS `97) entitled `Global Network Evolution: Convergence or Collision?' which was held from September 21 to 26, 1997 in Toronto, Canada. Feedbacks of participants on ISS `97; Transformation of the ISS into the World Telecommunications Congress.

The article investigates the use of wireless signals in the Wireless Nomad Co-operative, a community-based Internet provider in Toronto, Ontario. The author explores the use of these signals for shared connectivity and community access. It highlights that the routers in the provider were enclosed in all weather housing, which placed outside the subscriber's homes for increased signal accessibility. It adds that to be able to distinguish as a brand, it established three characteristics of their services, including fuller user access, shared and free accounts for wireless access within the network and charging a fair price for the service.

Provides information on the automation of the Ontario New Universities Library Project (ONULP) established by the University of Toronto Library. Requirements involved in bibliographic control; Components of the traditional library catalog record; Services offered by the ONULP automated catalog system.

Describes attempts of University of Toronto at automatic programming using a developed operating system. Experiences on Ferut; Basics of new operating system; Development of non-interpretive debugging program, PrintCheck; Difficulties in programming; Details of Transcode system; Early attempts at automatic coding; Author's experiences with Ferut, Transcode and Fortran.

Describes attempts by University of Toronto to build University of Toronto electronic computer (UTEC) and acquisition of Ferranti University of Toronto (Ferut) machine. Establishment and funding of `Computation Center'; Composition of UTEC team; Reasons for development of pilot model UTEC; Details of machine; Procurement details of Ferranti Mark I; Applications of Ferut; Failure of Ferut in competitive market.

The article discusses highlights of the Fifth International Conference on Pervasive Computing held during May, 2007 in Toronto, Ontario. How pervasive computing can benefit users was the main thrust of the conference. Potential applications noted were control of home appliances via mobile devices, and intelligent basketball jerseys that capture real-time data about an ongoing game. A tutorial was held on making pervasive technology less intrusive, as were presentations on incorporating into technology lessons learned from the study of social interactions.

Information about several topics discussed at the 2013 Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) International Symposium on Technology and Society (ISTAS'13) that was held at the University of Toronto in Toronto, Ontario from June 27-29, 2013 is presented. Topics include the EyeTap technology and the social and ethical implications of technological developments. The symposium featured several futurists, which include Marvin Minsky, Ray Kurzweil, and Steve Mann.

The article highlights Edward (Ed) A. Cherney. It mentions that Cherney received the B.Sc. degree from the University of Waterloo in 1967, M.Sc. degree in physics from McMaster University in 1969 and Ph.D. degree in electrical engineering in 1974. He began his career in electrical insulation when he joined the Toronto-based research division called Ontario Hydro Research Division or Kinectrics in 1968 and became involved in many areas of electrical insulation. When he left Ontario Hydro in 1988, he became the President and General Manager of K-Line Insulators in Toronto and an Adjunct Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Waterloo in 1998. He has been a consultant for EACH Engineering in electrical field since 2000.