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The article reports on research which was conducted to describe the design and construction of a novel eccentric arm cycle ergometer (ECarm ergometer) for training the upper body and to compare the ECarm to traditional concentric arm cycling (CCarm). Researchers designed the ergometer with the frame and flywheel of a Monark 891E cycle ergometer. They found that the ergometer was simple to use, was adjustable, allowed for a range of eccentric powers and that maximum oxygen consumption measured during use of the EECarm was lower than during the use of the CCarm.

The article reports on research which was conducted to investigate the effect locomotor muscle fatigue had on joint-specific power production during cycling. Researchers evaluated 10 cyclists who performed cycling time trials to evaluate changes in maximal cycling. They found that exercise-induced changes in maximal cycling power manifested with differential power loss at each joint action with ankle plantarfiexion and knee flexion exhibiting relatively greater fatigue than knee extension and hip extension and concluded that fatigue caused by cycling does not alter submaximal joint-specific powers.

The article offers information on the study conducted by researchers including Steven J. Elmer, Paul R. Barratt, and James C. Martin on submaximal and maximal cycling. It states that power production during submaximal cycling is dominated by knee extension, whereas maximal cycling is dominated by hip extension. The study aimed at determining the level of power produced by ankle, knee, and hip joint actions during cycling. It also analyzed the connection between relative joint-specific powers and net cycling powers.

The article presents a study which examines the level of power absorption of the ankle, knee and hip joint actions during eccentric cycling (ECCc,y,c) and the changes in the power produced by joint actions during concentric cycling (CONc,y,c). The study was participated by 19 cyclists who performed single leg CONc,y,c before and 24 hours after performing ECCc,y,c. The study measured joint-specific powers with the use of inverse dynamics and averaged over complete crank revolutions and over extension and flexion phases. Results indicate that eccentric knee extensor activity is the principal power-absorbing joint actions during ECCc,y,c and is followed by eccentric hip extensor activity.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, physical activity levels have decreased by ~30% and sitting time has increased by ~30%. Recent call to actions by the ACSM and Physiological Society have urged widespread promotion and implementation of physical activity to keep communities healthy. PURPOSE: To leverage Exercise is Medicine on Campus (EIM-OC) and promote healthy living behaviors in our rural community during the pandemic. Specifically, we aimed to: 1) assess current levels of physical activity in the community, 2) increase public awareness about staying physically active during the pandemic and 3) offer a community physical activity program. METHODS: A team of kinesiology and biology students (n=10) led our EIM-OC initiative. Levels of physical activity in the community were assessed through an online survey. Public awareness about physical activity was promoted through an infographic, virtual town hall, and discussion with health care providers. A 10-wk physical activity program was delivered through ZOOM and social media and included live workouts (3x/wk) consisting of home-based activities (e.g., aerobic exercise, resistance exercise using common household items, yoga). RESULTS: Twenty-nine adults (51±17yrs, 28±6BMI) completed the survey. Majority of adults (72%) reported they were less physically active during the pandemic and 45% indicated that they had been encouraged by a health professional to remain active. Our message of staying physically active during the pandemic was communicated through website, email, radio, newspaper, social media, and state health department. More than 35 guided workouts (30-60 min) were delivered to healthy adults and those with reduced mobility. The physical activity program was also expanded to create a University-wide physical education course (50 students, 1 credit). CONCLUSIONS: Adults in our rural community reported they were moving less and not well informed about the importance of physically activity during the pandemic. As local health departments are currently overburdened with managing COVID-19, it is imperative for exercise specialists to help facilitate and communicate the importance of physical activity. EIM-OC provided a robust platform for us to deliver critical physical activity resources and keep our community active during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]