277 results
Search Results
2. The impact of digital health interventions on the psychological outcomes of patients and families receiving paediatric palliative care: A systematic review and narrative synthesis.
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Archer, Stephanie, Cheung, Natalie H.Y., Williams, Ivor, and Darzi, Ara
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EVALUATION of medical care ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,CINAHL database ,WELL-being ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,PEDIATRICS ,MENTAL health ,PATIENT-centered care ,FAMILY-centered care ,MEDLINE ,PALLIATIVE treatment ,TELEMEDICINE - Abstract
Background: Digital health interventions are becoming increasingly important and may be particularly relevant for paediatric palliative care. In line with the aims of palliative care, digital health interventions should aim to maintain, if not improve, psychological wellbeing. However, the extent to which the psychological outcomes of digital health interventions are assessed is currently unknown. Aim: To identify and synthesise the literature exploring the impact of all digital health interventions on the psychological outcomes of patients and families receiving paediatric palliative care. Design: Systematic review and narrative synthesis. Data sources: MEDLINE, EMBASE, Health Management Information Consortium, PsycINFO, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature and the Midwives Information & Resource Service were searched on the 27th July 2020, in addition to the first five pages of Google Scholar. To be included in the review, papers must have contained: quantitative or qualitative data on psychosocial outcomes, data from patients aged 0–18 receiving palliative care or their families, a digital health intervention, and been written in English. Results: Three studies were included in the review. All looked at the psychological impact of telehealth interventions. Papers demonstrated fair or good quality reporting but had small sample sizes and varied designs. Conclusions: Despite the design and development of digital health interventions that span the technological landscape, little research has assessed their psychosocial impact in the paediatric palliative care community. Whilst the evidence base around the role of these interventions continues to grow, their impact on children and their families must not be overlooked. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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3. The Key Characteristics and Role of Peer Support in the Aftermath of Victimization: A Scoping Review.
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de Ven, Pien van, Leferink, Sonja, and Pemberton, Antony
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AFFINITY groups ,SUICIDE ,WELL-being ,MEDICAL databases ,SOCIAL support ,TRAFFIC accidents ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MENTAL health ,VICTIM psychology ,LITERATURE reviews ,VETERANS ,THEMATIC analysis ,EMPIRICAL research ,DATA analysis software - Abstract
Topic: Currently, research into the key elements and role of peer support in the aftermath of victimization is limited. This study reviews the types of evidence available, clarifying key concepts in the literature, examining how research is conducted and identifying key characteristics or factors related to peer support in the aftermath of a victimization experience. Method: A scoping review was performed for peer-reviewed papers using predefined search terms. Studies addressing peer support among victims and survivors of crime, traffic accidents, calamities, suicide, and veterans were included. Selection was based on title and abstract and resulted in 16 papers eligible for review. An inductive thematic analysis was used to synthesize data and findings. Findings: Empirical studies into the key elements and role of peer support in the aftermath of victimization are limited in availability and scattered in terms of approach to research (e.g., methodology, type of respondents, type of peer support) and focus (such as focus on effects on mental health and well-being, on key elements or an evaluation of a support program). Studies mainly have an explorative and interpretative character. Key elements, operationalizations, positive outcomes and negative outcomes of peer support are discussed. Conclusion and discussion: The currently available knowledge on peer support in the aftermath of victimization lacks four points: cross-cultural studies, lived experiences as empirical findings, a variety of victimization events and longitudinal studies. Moreover, it is argued that future research should be improved by adopting a contextual and narrative approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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4. Trauma Aware and Anti-Oppressive Arts-Health and Community Arts Practice: Guiding Principles for Facilitating Healing, Health and Wellbeing.
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Sunderland, Naomi, Stevens, Fiona, Knudsen, Kate, Cooper, Rae, and Wobcke, Marianne
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TREATMENT of emotional trauma ,WELL-being ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,CINAHL database ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,COMMUNITY health services ,MENTAL health ,ART therapy ,MENTAL healing ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RESEARCH funding ,LITERATURE reviews - Abstract
There is a growing call for arts-health and community arts professionals to work in 'trauma informed ways' to prevent re-traumatisation and promote healing. This paper reports on a scoping review of existing literature that deal with trauma aware and informed practice and its applications in arts-health and community arts. Trauma informed practice does not seek to target or treat trauma but, rather, seeks to provide a safer and more informed space for people who experience post-traumatic stress conditions and symptoms to engage in facilitated arts activities. We particularly examine the extent to which existing literature acknowledges the presence of oppression-related collective trauma – such as racial trauma – and offers appropriate creative, anti-oppressive and trauma aware practice approaches. A total of 19 articles were included following librarian input and team checking. Included articles were written in English, published in peer reviewed academic journals, included a creative arts component, and adopted an intentional trauma informed or aware approach to practice. An additional three sources were included as part of descriptive synthesis to foreground leading First Nations resources for practice. Although no specific guidelines for trauma aware practice in arts-health or community arts were found, findings are consolidated at the end of the paper to offer interim principles, values and activities for trauma aware and informed practice in arts-health and community arts. Findings can also inform general trauma related research and therapy by highlighting the growing role of arts and creativity in responding to diverse experiences of trauma and its effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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5. Resilience After Trauma in Kosovo and Southeastern Europe: A Scoping Review.
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Kelmendi, Kaltrina and Hamby, Sherry
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PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,ONLINE information services ,ADVERSE childhood experiences ,WELL-being ,SOCIAL support ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,SOCIAL change ,EMOTIONAL trauma ,HISTORICAL trauma ,MENTAL health ,VICTIM psychology ,RESEARCH funding ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE ,DIGNITY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,CULTURAL values ,POSTTRAUMATIC growth - Abstract
Most people who experience trauma want to thrive and often find paths to well-being and healthy functioning. This scoping review explores the existing evidence on adversity and resilience in southeastern European countries, focusing on Kosovo. There is a lack of research on trauma and resilience in cultures outside the US and Western Europe. The paper provides a brief cultural and historical overview of this region and the collectivist cultures found there. We draw from a range of interdisciplinary literatures to identify key strengths that have the potential to improve health outcomes for trauma victims in this region. Overall, 42 papers from PsycInfo and PubMed were identified, using keywords such as "resilience" or "health" and "Kosovo," "Balkans," and "Southeastern Europe." Findings from this scoping review show that different cultural values, norms, and societal ecologies impact resilience within these societies. Some strengths, such as social support and sense of purpose, echoed similar research in the US and Western Europe. There was also evidence that factors such as dignity, family solidarity, social activism, and nationwide meaning-making are strengths associated with resilience for these collectivist societies of southeastern Europe. We also consider the implications of the results for other post-conflict societies. Finally, findings from this review call for culturally sensitive strength-based perspectives in promoting health and well-being after the high dosages of trauma common in this region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. Can Social Media Use Be More Health-Promoting? Description and Pilot Evaluation of a School-Based Program to Increase Awareness and Reflection on the Use of Social Media.
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Andersen, Amanda Iselin Olesen, Finsera°s, Turi Reiten, Hjetland, Gunnhild Johnsen, Bøe, Tormod, Sivertsenq, Børge, Colman, Ian, Hella, Randi Træland, and Skogen, Jens Christoffer
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SOCIAL media ,HEALTH promotion ,WELL-being ,SCHOOL employees ,MUNICIPAL government - Abstract
Social media plays a significant role in adolescents' lives, with both positive and negative effects. Implementing interventions to mitigate the negative aspects and enhance the positive ones could improve adolescents' well-being. Unfortunately, there is a scarcity of evidence-based interventions available. To fill this gap, we have developed a schoolbased program based on combining evidence-based and consensus-based approaches, incorporating input from adolescents, school personnel, researchers, and municipal advisers. This paper describes the program's content and principles, and presents the results from a pilot evaluation, which assesses feedback from pupils and teachers, thereby informing potential enhancements and the program's overall significance. The intervention description encompasses theoretical perspectives, behavior change techniques, and procedural details. Pupils (n = 266; 16+ years) evaluated the program concerning satisfaction, relevance, importance, and usefulness through a questionnaire. Additionally, exploratory focus group interviews were conducted with seven teachers and eleven pupils to gather their perspectives on the program's relevance, impact, and potential changes to the theme-based teaching. Results from the pilot showed an average score of 7.3/10 for overall satisfaction with the program. Sub-questions assessing perceived relevance, engagement, and usefulness averaged between 6.7 and 7.5. Gender differences were observed, with boys tending to rate the program lower than girls. In focus group interviews, the pupils expressed increasing awareness of their own and others' social media use, that the topic was important and exciting, and that the program generally worked well. The pupils' evaluation indicates the need for this kind of program described in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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7. Subtypes of Transitions into a Family Caregiving Role: A Latent Class Analysis.
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Brantner, Carly L., Bentley, John P., and Roth, David L.
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This paper groups persons who have transitioned into family caregiving using a latent class analysis and examines class differences on measures of well-being. Latent classes were identified for a sample of 251 participants who became family caregivers while participating in a longitudinal national study, and linear regression analyses compared average well-being change scores across classes. Fit indices supported a four-class solution dispersed along two conceptual dimensions: caregiving intensity and caregiving stain. The largest class (35.5%) was characterized as low intensity, low strain. The smallest class (12.7%) was characterized as high intensity, high strain, and these caregivers had significantly worse well-being change scores compared to the other caregiving classes. Categorizing caregivers by differing levels of care intensity and caregiving strain helps identify caregivers who are at most risk for poor psychosocial outcomes, determines which caregivers might benefit from specific caregiver support programs, and informs investigators on possible refinements to interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Name, Image, and Likeness and the Health of the Young Athlete: A Call to Action for Sports Medicine Providers and the Athletic Healthcare Network.
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Hollabaugh, William L., Jeckell, Aaron S., and Diamond, Alex B.
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ATHLETES' health ,SPORTS medicine ,SPORTS physicians ,ATHLETIC trainers ,WELL-being ,PATIENTS' families ,ATHLETIC associations - Abstract
Context: In June 2021, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) adopted a new policy allowing NCAA athletes the opportunity to benefit and profit from their name, image, and likeness (NIL). Several state high-school associations have established policies to guide their members and students through the new era of NIL. While the potential benefits cannot be ignored, NIL presents novel responsibilities and stressors to athletes. This paper will review the paucity of literature on the effect of NIL on youth athletes and bring attention to mental health, well-being, or academic performance impacted by NIL. Evidence Acquisition: Articles were identified through Google and PubMed search starting from NIL policy approval (June 30, 2021). Search terms included "name, image and likeness" and "NIL." Study Design: Clinical commentary. Level of Evidence: Level 5. Results: Although 1 article was identified through PubMed search and numerous articles were identified through Google search, no articles directly evaluated the effects of NIL on the mental health, well-being, or academic performance of youth athletes. Conclusion: It is critical for sports medicine providers and other members of the athletic healthcare network to familiarize themselves with these emerging topics to best serve their patients and communities. The athletic healthcare network must be prepared to address possible NIL-related health ramifications for our patients and their families and help them navigate a confusing and predatory landscape. We must provide resources to youth athletes to minimize the risks associated with NIL involvement and related activities, and to ensure that athletes with NIL contracts are able to balance their academic and athletic responsibilities. Fostering strong relationships between stakeholders and sports medicine staff is paramount to creating an environment that permits honest discussions about NIL and the health of athletes from youth to adulthood. Strength-of-Recommendation Taxonomy: N/A. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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9. A Systematic Review of the Impact of Remote Working Referenced to the Concept of Work–Life Flow on Physical and Psychological Health.
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Wells, John, Scheibein, Florian, Pais, Leonor, Rebelo dos Santos, Nuno, Dalluege, C.- Andreas, Czakert, Jan Philipp, and Berger, Rita
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EMPLOYEE psychology ,WELL-being ,OCCUPATIONAL roles ,SEDENTARY lifestyles ,CINAHL database ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,WORK environment ,COVID-19 ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,WORK-life balance ,MENTAL health ,HEALTH status indicators ,CONTINUING education units ,INDUSTRIAL nursing ,PHYSICAL activity ,SCREEN time ,NURSING practice ,NURSES ,HEALTH behavior ,RESEARCH funding ,TELECOMMUTING ,OCCUPATIONAL health services ,MEDLINE ,COVID-19 pandemic ,INDUSTRIAL relations - Abstract
Background: COVID-19 accelerated the adoption of remote working in which employers' obligations for employees' health and well-being extended into the home. This paper reports on a systematic review of the health impacts of remote working within the context of COVID-19 and discusses the implications of these impacts for the future role of the occupational health nurse. Method: The review protocol was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021258517) and followed the PRISMA guidelines. The review covered 2020-2021 to capture empirical studies of remote working during the COVID-19 pandemic, their physical and psychological impacts and mediating factors. Results: Eight hundred and thirty articles were identified. After applying the inclusion criteria, a total of 34 studies were reviewed. Most studies showed low to very low strength of evidence using the GRADE approach. A minority of studies had high strength of evidence. These focused on the reduced risk of infection and negative effects in terms of reduced physical activity, increased sedentary activity, and increased screen time. Conclusion/Application to Practice: The synergy of work and personal well-being with the accelerated expansion of remote working suggests a more active role in the lives of workers within the home setting on the part of occupational health nurses. That role relates to how employees organize their relationship to work and home life, promoting positive lifestyles while mitigating adverse impacts of remote working on personal well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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10. The new normal: a review of the impact of COVID-19 on gastroenterology fellowship training.
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Makhani, Salima, Morales, Jaclyn, and Whitson, Matthew J.
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COVID-19 ,MEDICAL education ,COVID-19 pandemic ,GASTROENTEROLOGY ,EDUCATIONAL quality - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic had a significant impact on medical education and gastroenterology fellowship training. As a result of the pandemic, a trainee's physical safety, mental health and wellness, clinical and procedural training, and educational opportunities were all potentially altered. Changes necessitated at the start of the pandemic were different than those needed further along in the pandemic course. Fellowship programs were required to modify policies and adapt to changes rapidly to advocate for their trainees and ensure quality education. Much of COVID-19's initial impact on education – decreased endoscopic procedures and the loss of educational conferences – has largely returned to pre-pandemic form. However, other changes made during the pandemic have persisted and likely will continue in the future. This includes a virtual interview format for fellowship matches, a virtual option for many national conferences, and an expansion of simulation training. This article reviews the impact that COVID-19 had on medical education with a specific focus on gastroenterology fellowship. The paper highlights the initial impact of COVID-19, the lingering effects, and discusses the areas needed for further research to best understand the total impact COVID-19 had on our trainees' education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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11. Trends in Post-Secondary Student Stress: A Pan-Canadian Study.
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Linden, Brooke, Stuart, Heather, and Ecclestone, Amy
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MENTAL health of students ,COVID-19 pandemic ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,SCHOOL year - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Psychiatry is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
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- 2023
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12. Self care and wellbeing in the face of COVID-19: Multidisciplinary perspectives and interprofessional experiences.
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Wheater, Kitty, Montgomery, Catherine, Clark, Rowena, and Nimmo, Graham
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COVID-19 pandemic ,COVID-19 ,WELL-being - Abstract
The human toll which has resulted from the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic is clearly recognised. No single event in recent times has had such profound effects on health services and their staff wellbeing around the world. Policy making has been led by the requirement for confinement and surveillance to limit spread of the disease, and in clinical settings the impact of the necessity for the use of personal protective measures has caused huge strains on practice clinically and professionally. In this paper we share experiences from the pandemic, explore the social and organisational factors at stake and make some suggestions for both personal wellbeing practice and a systems response to the ongoing staff wellbeing challenges of the pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Neighborhood Walkability or Third Places? Determinants of Social Support and Loneliness among Older Adults.
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Lee, Ji Hei and Tan, Teck Hong
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WALKABILITY ,OLDER people ,SOCIAL support ,LONELINESS ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling - Abstract
In the context of creating age-friendly communities, this paper examines the effects of neighborhood walkability and third places on older adults' social connectedness. The subject was older adult homeowners aged sixty-five years and above in the context of American college towns. Partial least squares structural equation modeling was used, controlling personal abilities and sociodemographic factors. Third places positively influenced older adults' social support network, but it was not associated with loneliness. Objective and perceived neighborhood accessibility had no association with either social support network or loneliness in later life. Findings suggest that planners and developers should prioritize third places in designing for active living. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. Staff Wellbeing and Retention in Children's Social Work: Systematic Review of Interventions.
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Turley, Ruth, Roberts, Sophie, Foster, Catherine, Warner, Nell, El-Banna, Asmaa, Evans, Rhiannon, Nurmatov, Ulugbek, Walpita, Yasaswi, and Scourfield, Jonathan
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EDUCATION of social workers ,COMPETENCY assessment (Law) ,JOB stress prevention ,WELL-being ,CINAHL database ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,AFFINITY groups ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,SOCIAL support ,PSYCHOLOGY of social workers ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,CLIENT relations ,FAMILY health ,COMMUNITY health services ,SATISFACTION ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,CHILDREN'S accident prevention ,ABILITY ,TRAINING ,ORGANIZATIONAL change ,COST effectiveness ,CHILD health services ,CHILDREN'S health ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SECONDARY traumatic stress ,JOB satisfaction ,RESEARCH funding ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,OCCUPATIONAL health services ,MEDLINE ,EMPLOYEE retention ,SOCIAL case work ,FAMILY services ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,EVALUATION - Abstract
Objective: To systematically review international evidence on the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of interventions targeting the mental health, wellbeing, and retention of child and family social workers and their impact on child and family outcomes. Method: Systematic review and narrative synthesis of quantitative comparative studies. Published or unpublished research was sought via 12 bibliographic databases, websites, contact with experts, and citation tracking. Studies in any language were eligible for inclusion. Quality was assessed using Cochrane appraisal tools. Results: Fifteen studies were identified from 24 papers. Three studies considered individual-level interventions, with mixed and inconclusive findings. Eleven considered organisational interventions, with mixed but more promising findings. One study considered community-level interventions, with positive findings but a serious risk of bias. Only one study considered costs. Conclusion: The quality of evidence overall does not warrant clear recommendations for services. Organisation-level interventions show some promise. Robust, high-quality interventional studies are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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15. Play-based interventions for mental health: A systematic review and meta-analysis focused on children and adolescents with autism spectrum disorder and developmental language disorder.
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Francis, Gill, Deniz, Emre, Torgerson, Carole, and Toseeb, Umar
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TREATMENT of language disorders ,TREATMENT of autism ,EVALUATION of medical care ,ONLINE information services ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,WELL-being ,META-analysis ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,HAPPINESS ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,SELF-perception ,DEVELOPMENTAL disabilities ,MENTAL health ,LANGUAGE & languages ,COMMUNICATION ,PLAY therapy ,MEDLINE ,SOCIAL skills ,ERIC (Information retrieval system) ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Background and aims: Play-based interventions are used ubiquitously with children with social, communication, and language needs but the impact of these interventions on the mental health of this group of children is unknown. Despite their pre-existing challenges, the mental health of children with developmental language disorder (DLD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) should be given equal consideration to the other more salient features of their condition. To this aim, a systematic literature review with meta-analysis was undertaken to assess the impact of play-based interventions on mental health outcomes from studies of children with DLD and ASD, as well as to identify the characteristics of research in this field. Methods: The study used full systematic review design reported to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines (PRISMA prisma-statement.org) with pre-specified inclusion criteria and explicit, transparent and replicable methods at each stage of the review. The study selection process involved a rigorous systematic search of seven academic databases, double screening of abstracts, and full-text screening to identify studies using randomised controlled trial (RCT) and quasi-experimental (QE) designs to assess mental health outcomes from interventions supporting children with DLD and ASD. For reliability, data extraction of included studies, as well as risk of bias assessments were conducted by two study authors. Qualitative data were synthesised narratively and quantified data were used in the metaanalytic calculation. Main contribution: A total of 2,882 papers were identified from the literature search which were double screened at the abstract (n = 1,785) and full-text (n = 366) levels resulting in 10 papers meeting the criteria for inclusion in the review. There were 8 RCTs and 2 QEs using 7 named play-based interventions with ASD participants only. Meta-analysis of 5 studies addressing positive mental health outcomes (e.g. positive affect and emotional functioning) found a significant overall intervention effect (Cohen's d = 1.60 (95% CI [0.37, 2.82], p = 0.01); meta-analysis of 6 studies addressing negative mental health outcomes (e.g., negative affect, internalising and externalising problems) found a non-significant overall intervention effect (Cohen's d = 0.04 -0.17 (95% CI [-0.04, 0.51], p = 0.88). Conclusions: A key observation is the diversity of study characteristics relating to study sample size, duration of interventions, study settings, background of interventionists, and variability of specific mental health outcomes. Play-based interventions appear to have a beneficial effect on positive, but not negative, mental health in children with ASD. There are no high quality studies investigating the efficacy of such interventions in children with DLD. Implications: This review provides good evidence of the need for further research into how commonly used play-based interventions designed to support the social, communication, and language needs of young people may impact the mental health of children with ASD or DLD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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16. Mindfulness Practices for Children and Adolescents Receiving Cancer Therapies.
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Murphy, Shelley, Donma, Ani Jamyang, Kohut, Sara Ahola, Weisbaum, Elli, Chan, Jacqueline H., Tomlinson, Deborah, and Plenert, Erin
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ANXIETY prevention ,MINDFULNESS ,WELL-being ,PEDIATRICS ,PEDIATRIC oncology nursing ,MENTAL health ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,CANCER fatigue ,AFFECTIVE disorders ,ANGER ,ALTERNATIVE medicine ,CANCER patient medical care ,SADNESS - Abstract
Background: Mindfulness is our innate capacity to pay full, conscious, and compassionate attention to something in the moment. It is also a skill that can be strengthened by mental practice. More recently, mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) are identified within clinical practice guidelines as an intervention in the treatment of certain symptoms for children with cancer. However, there is little guidance available on the practice of using MBIs in the pediatric oncology population. The aim of this paper is to provide an overview of mindfulness, highlights symptoms where mindfulness practices may be of benefit, identifies trauma-sensitive considerations, and provides examples of MBIs that may be considered in the context of pediatric oncology. Methods: Collaboration of expert opinion, which included The Mindfulness Project Team, has enabled this collective informative paper. Results: Mindfulness has been recommended to help with the symptom of fatigue in children with cancer. Emotional symptoms such as anxiety, sadness, and anger may also benefit from the use of MBIs. Ideal MBIs for this population may include mindful movement, mindfulness of the senses, mindfulness of breath, mindfulness of emotions, and the body scan. These approaches can easily be adapted according to the age of the child. Many approaches have been administered with minimal training, with very few requiring a facilitator. However, hospitals have started to incorporate mindfulness experts within their care provision. Conclusion: Future research should continue to investigate the use of MBI programs for children with cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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17. Attaining well-being beyond the home: A socio-cultural framing of mental health among university students in the Philippines.
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Alejandria, Maria Carinnes P, Casimiro, Kristel May D, Gibe, Jolly Anne L, Fernandez, Ninna Sandra F, Tumaneng, Denise C, Sandoval, Erin Ceejay A, Hernandez, Philippe Jose S, Quan-Nalus, Marie Antonette, Alipao, Froilan A, and Alejandria, Maria Ana Caterina P
- Abstract
Objectives: Mental health problems such as anxiety and depression have been steadily rising among university students in the Philippines. While there exists literature determining students' quality of life and health access behaviour, there remains a substantial gap in having a local framework with which to understand their vulnerabilities. In this paper, we aim to identify the socio-cultural factors that exacerbate the challenges that Filipino university students navigate in their attainment of well-being. Design: The study used an exploratory qualitative design. Setting: Data were collected from university students attending a private higher education institution in Manila, the Philippines. Method: Using a cultural epidemiological approach and a qualitative design, semi-structured interviews were conducted online with 60 university-level students. Interviews were recorded, transcribed and translated into English. Data were open coded and thematically analysed. Results: The lived experience of 60 university students revealed that factors including volatile household dynamics, intergenerational [mis]understanding of mental illness, stressful academic engagement and religious associations contributed to the individual framing of their conditions, which ranged from self-stigma to self-prescribed isolation. Various experiences linked to the Filipino value of pagdamay (sharing the burden) significantly aided students' management of their conditions. Conclusion: Drawing on the narratives elicited, a community-based approach using the university as the core for intervention delivery is proposed that may positively impact on students' mental health seeking behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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18. A longitudinal study of the mental health of autistic children and adolescents and their parents during COVID-19: Part 2, qualitative findings.
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Asbury, Kathryn and Toseeb, Umar
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COVID-19 ,WELL-being ,PSYCHOLOGY of parents ,AUTISM in adolescence ,QUALITATIVE research ,AUTISM in children ,PSYCHOLOGY of caregivers ,MENTAL depression ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,INFORMATION needs ,ANXIETY ,CONTENT analysis ,COVID-19 pandemic ,LONGITUDINAL method ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress - Abstract
In Part 1 of this UK-based study, across four timepoints between March and October 2020, autistic children and young people showed higher levels of parent-reported depression and anxiety symptoms than those with other special educational needs and disabilities. In this study, we draw on qualitative data from 478 parents/carers of autistic pupils and those with other special educational needs and disabilities to conduct a longitudinal qualitative content analysis examining stability and change in the mental health of these young people, and their parents/carers, during the first 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Worry and psychological distress were dominant categories at all timepoints and we noted that, in line with quantitative findings, worry in autistic pupils stayed stable over time but decreased for those with other special educational needs and disabilities. The third dominant category was wellbeing and we saw evidence that removing demands, especially the demand to attend school, was a driver of wellbeing for a significant minority of pupils, particularly autistic pupils, and their parents/carers. Overall, we observed no differences in mental health experiences between the two groups of parents, also mirroring quantitative findings. We know that autistic children and young people, and their caregivers, are at increased risk of mental ill health. We asked whether the first 6 months of COVID-19 exacerbated that risk, and whether the implications were different for autistic pupils and their caregivers, than for those with other special educational needs and difficulties. In a linked paper, we found that caregivers of autistic pupils reported higher levels of depression and anxiety symptoms in their children than parents of children with other special educational needs and difficulties (Toseeb & Asbury, 2022). For pupils with other special educational needs and difficulties, their parent-reported anxiety symptoms eased over time while remaining high throughout for autistic pupils. There were no differences in mental health and wellbeing between caregivers of autistic pupils and those with other special educational needs and difficulties. Here, we used parents' written descriptions of their own and their child's mental health during the first 6 months of COVID-19 to explore these linked findings in greater depth. We identified strong evidence of worry and distress for all, but most prominently autistic children and young people. Our finding that worry and distress declined over time for pupils with other special educational needs and difficulties, but not for autistic pupils, was supported and we observed a few differences between caregivers. We also found evidence of wellbeing throughout the sample, and examples of some (mainly autistic) pupils benefitting from a reduction in demands (e.g. going to school). This has implications for our understanding of the school experience for autistic pupils. Findings suggest that the mental health of autistic children and young people may have been disproportionately affected during the first 6 months of COVID-19 and that careful consideration of optimal support, from both health and education perspectives, is vital. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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19. Is it the Sermon or the Choir? Pastoral Support, Congregant Support, and Worshiper Mental Health.
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Acevedo, Gabriel A., DeAngelis, Reed T., Farrell, Jordan, and Vaidyanathan, Brandon
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MENTAL health ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,RELIGIOUS leadership ,RELIGIOUS communities ,RELIGIOUS leaders ,LIFE satisfaction - Abstract
Background: Although religious involvement tends to be associated with improved mental health, additional work is needed to identify the specific aspects of religious practice that are associated with positive mental health outcomes. Our study advances the literature by investigating how two unique forms of religious social support are associated with mental health. Purpose: We explore whether support received in religious settings from fellow congregants or religious leaders is associated with participants' mental health. We address questions that are not only of interest to religion scholars, but that may also inform religious leaders and others whose work involves understanding connections between religious factors and psychological outcomes within religious communities. Methods: We test several hypotheses using original data from the "Mental Health in Congregations Study (2017–2019)", a survey of Christian and Jewish congregants from South Texas and the Washington DC area (N = 1882). Surveys were collected using both paper and online surveys and included an extensive battery of religious and mental health measures. Results: Congregant support has more robust direct associations with mental health outcomes than faith leader support. Increased congregant support is significantly associated (p < 0.001) with fewer symptoms of psychological distress (β = − 0.168), anxiety (β = − 0.159), and anger (β = − 0.190), as well as greater life satisfaction (β = 0.269) and optimism (β = 0.283). However, faith leader support moderates these associations such that congregant support is associated with better mental health only in cases where faith leader support is also high. When leader support is low, congregant support and mental health are not associated. Conclusions and Implications: At the conceptual level, our study adds to an extensive literature on the relationship between religious social support and mental health. Additionally, our work may provide important insights to religious leadership in terms of communications strategies, services, and resources that might enhance overall congregant mental health and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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20. Exploring the possible mental health and wellbeing benefits of video games for adult players: A cross-sectional study.
- Author
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Hazel, Jennifer, Kim, Hyun Min, and Every-Palmer, Susanna
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VIDEO games ,WELL-being ,MENTAL health ,ROLEPLAYING games ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,SOCIAL anxiety - Abstract
Objective: There is mixed evidence on the psychological effects of video games. While excessive use can be harmful, moderate use can have emotional, psychological and social benefits, with games successfully used in treating anxiety and depression. More data are required to understand how and for whom these benefits occur. This paper aims to identify correlations between video game genre, player demographics, wellbeing, and the in-play psychological processes for adult players. Method: Adult gamers (n = 2107) completed an anonymous cross-sectional survey canvassing play style, genre, perception of psychological impact and mechanisms (wellbeing, self-determination and flow). A multivariate multiple regression model explored correlations. Results: 88.4% of participants experienced emotional benefits from gaming, with stronger benefits experienced by younger players in all categories. The genres most strongly correlated with psychological benefits were music games, role-playing games and survival horror games. Multiplayer online battle arena games had lower scores for psychological and emotional wellbeing. Conclusions: Certain genres have stronger correlations with beneficial mechanisms, while some may be detrimental to players. These results may guide experimental studies to measure the directionality and strength of these correlations and can also impact practical aspects in development of therapeutic games to treat mental distress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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21. Coaching as a Model for Facilitating the Performance, Learning, and Development of Palliative Care Nurses.
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Costeira, Cristina, Dixe, Maria A., Querido, Ana, Vitorino, Joel, and Laranjeira, Carlos
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NURSING psychology ,WELL-being ,NURSING models ,NURSING ,PROFESSIONAL employee training ,PALLIATIVE care nurses ,JOB stress ,SELF-management (Psychology) ,MENTORING ,MENTAL health ,LEADERS ,LEARNING strategies ,SELF-efficacy ,NURSES ,JOB performance ,HOSPICE nurses ,EMOTION regulation ,OCCUPATIONAL adaptation ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,PALLIATIVE treatment ,EVIDENCE-based nursing ,COVID-19 pandemic ,REFLECTION (Philosophy) ,MEDICAL needs assessment - Abstract
Palliative care nurses experience huge pressures, which only increased with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A reflection on the new demands for nursing care should include an evaluation of which evidence-based practices should be implemented in clinical settings. This paper discusses the impacts and challenges of incorporating coaching strategies into palliative care nursing. Evidence suggests that coaching strategies can foster emotional self-management and self-adjustment to daily life among nurses. The current challenge is incorporating this expanded knowledge into nurses' coping strategies. Coaching strategies can contribute to nurses' well-being, empower them, and consequently bring clinical benefits to patients, through humanized care focused on the particularities of end-of-life patients and their families. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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22. COVID-19 and mental health: Anxiety disorders among immigrants due to COVID-19 outbreak in South Korea.
- Author
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Acharya, Shiva Raj, Moon, Deog Hwan, Chun, Jin Ho, and Shin, Yong Chul
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IMMIGRANTS ,WELL-being ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,CROSS-sectional method ,MENTAL health ,QUANTITATIVE research ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ANXIETY ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,ODDS ratio ,COVID-19 pandemic - Abstract
Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has affected various facets of health. While mental health became a major concern during the COVID-19 outbreak, the impact on the migrants' mental health has still been neglected. The purpose of this study was to examine the COVID-19 outbreak's impact on the mental health of immigrants in South Korea. Methods: A total number of 386 immigrants in South Korea participated in this quantitative cross-sectional study. The standardized e-questionnaire, including the General Anxiety Disorder (GAD-7) scale, was used to measure the anxiety level. Logistic regression analysis was performed to find out the determinants of anxiety disorders among immigrants. Results: The prevalence of severe anxiety among immigrants was found to be 47.2%. Female immigrants (28.6%) had a lower anxiety disorder than males (71.4%). Immigrants who were married, living alone, had a low income, had a history of health problems were suffered from moderate to severe anxiety. Immigrants who were unemployed (OR 2.302, 95% CI = 1.353–3.917) and lost their jobs due to the COVID-19 outbreak (OR 2.197, 95% CI = 1.312–3.678) have a higher anxiety disorder. Immigrants aged over 30 years were found to suffer from a high level of anxiety (OR 2.285, 95% CI = 1.184–4.410). Relief support from the government was significantly associated with anxiety disorder among immigrants (p < 0.01, OR = 3.151, 95% CI = 1.962–5.061). Conclusion: With very limited studies on immigrants' mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic, this paper provides scientific research evidence of the COVID-19 outbreak's impact on the mental health of migrants. Our study has consequences for implementing integrated psychological interventions and health promotion strategies for the well-being of immigrants' mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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23. Factors mediating the psychological well-being of healthcare workers responding to global pandemics: A systematic review.
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Schneider, Jekaterina, Talamonti, Deborah, Gibson, Benjamin, and Forshaw, Mark
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COMPETENCY assessment (Law) ,MENTAL illness prevention ,PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,MENTAL illness risk factors ,MENTAL depression risk factors ,WELL-being ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,ONLINE information services ,SOCIAL support ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,JOB stress ,ALTRUISM ,MEDICAL personnel ,RISK assessment ,SELF-efficacy ,PSYCHOSOCIAL factors ,EPIDEMICS ,MEDLINE ,ANXIETY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,COVID-19 pandemic ,CORPORATE culture - Abstract
This paper reviewed mediators of psychological well-being among healthcare workers responding to pandemics. After registration on PROSPERO, a systematic review was performed in four databases and 39 studies were included. Worse mental health outcomes, such as stress, depressive symptoms, anxiety and burnout were related to demographic characteristics, contact with infected patients and poor perceived support. Self-efficacy, coping ability, altruism and organisational support were protective factors. Despite limitations in the quality of available evidence, this review highlights the prevalence of poor mental health in healthcare workers and proposes target mediators for future interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
24. DENTAL EMERGENCIES: PERCEIVED IMPACT OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON THE MENTAL HEALTH AND WELLBEING OF DENTAL TEAMS IN THE UK.
- Author
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ELLWOOD, FIONA
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DENTAL emergencies ,COVID-19 pandemic ,MENTAL health ,WELL-being ,DENTAL care - Abstract
The burden of the COVID-19 pandemic has and continues to stretch the healthcare systems and the workforce alike, both nationally and internationally. This is equally true of the dental care systems and the dental workforce which had to respond and act promptly. This paper examines the perceived impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health and wellbeing of dental teams in the UK and provides insight into not only this impact, but the early signs of mental ill health commonly triggered by life events, anxiety and fear, and often exacerbated by stresses. A sample of an established body of literature and recognised sources are considered. Finally, extracts of common threads from meaningful conversations will be alluded to, shining a light on the current state of the mental health and wellbeing of many in dentistry and the need for intervention and longer-term plans. We are often reminded that this period in time is a marathon not a sprint, the same could perhaps be said about a national response to mental health and wellbeing, as it will take time, but the time to begin is now. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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25. Participation in Community Gardening: Sowing the Seeds of Well-Being: Participation au jardinage communautaire : pour semer les graines du bien-être.
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Suto, Melinda J., Smith, Shelagh, Damiano, Natasha, and Channe, Shurli
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SOCIAL participation ,WELL-being ,FOCUS groups ,RESEARCH methodology ,INTERVIEWING ,QUALITATIVE research ,COMMUNITY-based social services ,RESEARCH funding ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,FIELD notes (Science) ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,HOUSING ,PARTICIPANT observation ,DATA analysis software ,THEMATIC analysis ,HORTICULTURE ,MENTAL illness - Abstract
Copyright of Canadian Journal of Occupational Therapy is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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26. A scoping review of interventions using occupation to improve mental health or mental wellbeing in adolescent populations.
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Parsonage-Harrison, Jackie, Birken, Mary, Harley, David, Dawes, Helen, and Eklund, Mona
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WELL-being ,ONLINE information services ,CINAHL database ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MENTAL health ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,ADOLESCENT health ,TREATMENT effectiveness ,RESEARCH funding ,LITERATURE reviews ,MEDLINE ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Introduction: Occupation-based interventions could help to address a growing mental health crisis among young people and adolescents. To develop new interventions and avoid research waste, a review of the academic literature is needed that systematically identifies and describes interventions designed to improve the mental health and wellbeing of 11–25 year-olds. Aim: The scoping review aims to systematically review the academic, literature to identify and describe key characteristics of intervention studies using occupation to improve adolescents' and young people's mental health and wellbeing, exploring the range of interventions, reviewing reporting quality and illuminating gaps for further research. Method: An iteratively developed scoping review protocol informs a systematic database search and review of the literature. Core characteristics are extracted and described, using the TIDIER guidelines and the CASP assessment tool. Results: Five occupational therapy-based interventions, and 69 other occupation-based studies representing a wide breadth of approaches, outcomes and settings were identified. Conclusions: Robust development, testing and reporting of occupation-based and occupation-focused intervention studies to promote and support mental health and wellbeing in adolescents and young people are needed. Interventions should be co-designed, developmentally appropriate and scaffold development. However, better agreement is needed about core outcomes measurement in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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27. Environment and mental health: empirical study on the relationship between contact with nature and symptoms of anxiety and depression (Ambiente y salud mental: estudio empírico sobre la relación entre contacto con la naturaleza, síntomas de ansiedad y de depresión)
- Author
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Tomasi, Samantha, Di Nuovo, Santo, and Hidalgo, M. Carmen
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MENTAL health ,ANXIETY ,RANK correlation (Statistics) ,WELL-being ,SYMPTOMS ,MENTAL depression - Abstract
Copyright of PsyEcology is the property of Sage Publications Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Hospital Outdoor Spaces as Respite Areas for Healthcare Staff During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
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Iqbal, Saad Arslan and Abubakar, Ismaila Rimi
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- *
JOB stress prevention , *PREVENTION of psychological stress , *PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout , *WELL-being , *HEALTH facilities , *HOSPITAL building design & construction , *HOSPITAL medical staff , *INDUSTRIAL safety , *RECREATION , *MENTAL health , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors , *NATURE , *INDUSTRIAL hygiene , *COVID-19 pandemic , *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress , *HORTICULTURE ,ANXIETY prevention - Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has created considerable implications for healthcare staff around the globe. During the pandemic, the frontline healthcare workers experience intense anxiety, stress, burnout, and psychological breakdown, with severe implications on their mental and physical well-being. In addition to these implications, anxiety and stress can hinder their productivity and ability to perform their duties efficiently. The literature indicates that hospital gardens and contact with nature can help alleviate psychological distress among hospital staff. However, few studies investigated the role of outdoor spaces as areas for respite and work breaks in healthcare facilities during the pandemic. The present opinion paper highlights the challenges of job stress and psychological distress health workers face during the pandemic. This article also underscores the role of hospital outdoor spaces and garden facilities in coping with the challenges. While other measures to reduce stress among hospital staff and ensure their health and safety are important, hospital administrators and relevant government agencies should also emphasize the provision of gardens and open spaces in healthcare facilities. These spaces can act as potential areas for respite for hospital staff to help them cope with the stress and anxiety accumulated through working under crises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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29. Psychological Well-Being Among Adolescents: The Role of Parenting Styles, Causal Attributions of Academic Success/Failure, and Perceived School Performance.
- Author
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Madalena, Alane Pereira, Loureto, Gleidson Diego Lopes, Santos, José Anderson Galdino, Santos, Layrtthon Carlos de Oliveira, Fortes, Gabriel, and Freires, Leogildo Alves
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MENTAL health ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,PARENTING ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,CHI-squared test ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,SCHOOL failure ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,TEENAGERS' conduct of life ,ACADEMIC achievement ,ATTRIBUTION (Social psychology) ,PSYCHOLOGICAL tests ,FACTOR analysis ,WELL-being ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
We investigated the effects of perceived parenting styles, causal attributions for academic success/failure, and perceived school performance (PSP) on adolescents' psychological well-being (PWB). Participants were 200 Brazilian adolescents who answered the Parenting Styles & Dimensions Questionnaire, the Psychological Well-Being Scale, and the Rating Scale of Causal Attributions for Academic Success/Failure (RSCA). The results showed that adolescents' PWB was predicted by authoritative parenting style (APS), internal and controllable attributions (appropriate motivations to cope with academic success/failure; ICASF), and PSP. In addition, we tested a mediation model showing that the ICASF mediated the relationship between APS and PSP, which in turn led to better PWB. These results highlighted the relevance of parenting styles and school-based causal attributions for the understanding of adolescents' mental health. Our findings can support interventions that enable more effective teaching–learning processes, which are associated with higher levels of mental health for the adolescent population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
30. Psychological health in Palliative Care : Thematic analysis of a psychiatrist's and an art therapist's clinical reflexive journals.
- Author
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Lim, Wen Phei, Chew, Roxanne Jia Yu, and O'Callaghan, Clare
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ATTITUDES toward death ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,HOLISTIC medicine ,PALLIATIVE treatment ,MENTAL health ,THERAPEUTICS ,HEALTH attitudes ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,PSYCHIATRIC treatment ,ART therapists ,MEDICAL care ,VALUE-based healthcare ,REFLECTION (Philosophy) ,EXPERIENCE ,THEMATIC analysis ,ATTITUDE (Psychology) ,PATIENT-centered care ,DIARY (Literary form) ,ATTITUDES of medical personnel ,INDIVIDUALITY ,PATIENT-professional relations ,CLINICAL competence ,HEALTH facilities ,TERMINALLY ill ,PATIENT satisfaction ,WELL-being ,PATIENTS' attitudes ,MEDICAL practice ,HEALTH care teams - Abstract
Background: Patients receiving palliative care often face psychological distress, which can be challenging for clinicians to manage. Therefore, reflexive and visual journaling can be used as powerful techniques for clinician selfreflection and personal development. These journals are a form of practice wisdom, providing insights into psychological health in palliative care. Aim: This study aims to describe how patients receiving palliative care experience psychological health, explore the meaning of a palliative care clinician's work and contribute to the understanding of psychological health in palliative care through the reflexive and visual journals of clinicians. Design: Using Gibb's reflective cycle as a framework for journaling, this study employs reflexive and visual journaling through the lenses of a psychiatrist and an art therapist. Journal data were analysed using a thematic analysis approach. Setting/participants: The two first authors journaled 107 clinical encounters and created 36 pieces of response art detailing encounters with patients and their families, and clinical conversations in two palliative care centres. Results: Patient attributes and the clinical environment were observed to influence psychological health in palliative care. The patient's ability to navigate dying, maintain personhood, exert resilience and experience satisfying relationships contribute to psychological health. A clinical environment comprising clinicians with holistic competencies, systems promoting interdisciplinary collaborations and a values-based culture that promotes patient centricity strengthens the delivery of psychological care. Conclusions: Good psychological health in palliative care extends beyond psychopathology and is influenced by the cardinal elements of being human, value systems and systemic elements in the therapeutic environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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31. Two Sides of the Coin: The Roles of Adverse Childhood Experiences and Positive Childhood Experiences in College Students' Mental Health.
- Author
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Bhargav, Madhav and Swords, Lorraine
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PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,MENTAL health ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,SUICIDAL ideation ,CRONBACH'S alpha ,RESEARCH funding ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,SOCIAL role ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,QUANTITATIVE research ,ANXIETY ,STUDENTS ,PSYCHOLOGY of college students ,DATA analysis software ,ADVERSE childhood experiences ,REGRESSION analysis ,WELL-being ,MENTAL depression - Abstract
Several studies have established a link between adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and mental health issues in college students. However, less is known about how positive childhood experiences (PCEs) may promote mental health and well-being, and potentially act as a buffer in the relationship between risk exposure and poor outcomes. This study investigates how ACEs and PCEs relate to college students' mental health (N = 321), within the framework of Resiliency Theory with specific attention focus on the compensatory and the protective factors models. Three key hypotheses were examined using quantitative data collected by way of an online anonymous survey: (1) ACEs will predict poorer mental health outcomes; (2) PCEs will predict better mental health outcomes and will lessen the negative effects of ACEs on mental health outcomes (compensatory factor model), and (3) PCEs will moderate the association between ACEs and mental health outcomes so that the relationship will be weaker among participants with higher PCEs (protective factor model). Findings supported each of these hypotheses and are important for our understanding of the long-term mental health correlates of ACEs and PCEs among college students. Our study underscores the importance of promoting PCEs while also underscoring the necessity of proactively preventing ACEs. Practical implications are discussed in relation to improving assessments of student needs and providing targeted interventions for those at risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial of a Multicomponent Positive Psychological Intervention: The Potential Mechanism of Altruism.
- Author
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Hu, Jinghan, Bu, He, Liu, Iris Kam Fung, and Yu, Nancy Xiaonan
- Subjects
PSYCHOTHERAPY ,ALTRUISM ,IMMIGRANTS ,PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) ,MENTAL health ,SELF-efficacy ,RESEARCH funding ,T-test (Statistics) ,STATISTICAL sampling ,RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,GOAL (Psychology) ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,HAPPINESS ,ANALYSIS of variance ,DATA analysis software ,WELL-being - Abstract
Purpose: Although multicomponent positive psychological interventions (MPPIs) effectively improve well-being, it is crucial to examine which intervention component plays a critical role. Method: This cluster randomized controlled trial assigned 221 immigrants from mainland China to Hong Kong to either an MPPI arm (n = 116, 11 clusters) or an MPPI + Information arm (n = 105, 11 clusters). Both arms aimed to enhance three intervention outcomes: resilience, happiness, and mental health. The MPPI part in the two arms included four components: self-efficacy, positive thinking, altruism, and goal setting. The information part provided information about Hong Kong. Results: Both arms effectively improved the four intervention components and three intervention outcomes. MPPI + Information increased the immigrants' knowledge of Hong Kong. The network analysis showed that altruism had the greatest strength in the network. Conclusions: Future studies should focus on the specific intervention component of altruism to understand how the MPPI works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Shift Work Sleep Disorder and Mental Health: An Integrative Review of Neurobiological, Sociological, and Psychological Perspectives With Public Policy Implications.
- Author
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Fink, Anne M.
- Subjects
MENTAL illness risk factors ,NURSES ,MENTAL health ,GOVERNMENT policy ,LEADERS ,SOCIAL factors ,CINAHL database ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ANXIETY ,NEUROBIOLOGY ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,EMPLOYEE psychology ,CONCEPTUAL structures ,ONLINE information services ,SLEEP disorders ,SHIFT systems ,EMPLOYEE attitudes ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MENTAL depression ,WELL-being ,DISEASE risk factors ,DISEASE complications - Abstract
Shift workers support critical 24-hr operations; their health can be impaired by disrupted circadian rhythms and dysfunctional sleep. Shift work sleep disorder (SWSD) is a prevalent condition with significant psychological consequences. Nurse leaders have not yet implemented effective policies to prevent SWSD and optimize shift workers' mental health. The purpose of this integrative review was to examine research about SWSD within the context of neurobiological, sociological, and psychological perspectives that can inform policy changes. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Policy Analytic Framework was used to determine the priority recommendations. A search of three databases provided 19 research articles about SWSD and mental health, which illustrated how SWSD is common around the world in many occupations. Backward-rotating schedules and quick returns were risk factors for SWSD. In addition, SWSD was associated with circadian languidity, sleep reactivity, depressive symptoms, and anxiety. Collectively, the studies lacked objective measures of sleep and circadian rhythms, which has hindered the ability to devise interventions that will target the neurobiological causes of SWSD. The research also lacked attention to important sociological factors, such as workers' pay and benefits. Using these findings, nurse leaders can contribute to public policy reforms that increase funding for more rigorous SWSD research. Lawmakers should be advised by nurse leaders to enforce new regulations that provide incentives for employers to create healthier workplaces, such as prohibiting the overuse of schedules that make employees vulnerable to SWSD and providing funds for interventions to prevent SWSD and support mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. The impact of community resilience, well-being, and community attachment on human service workers' burnout.
- Author
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Henriques, Joana, Luís, Sílvia, Rivero, Catarina, Gonçalves, Sónia P, Tavares, Lara Patrício, and Marujo, Helena Á
- Subjects
PSYCHOLOGICAL resilience ,COMMUNITY support ,SCALE analysis (Psychology) ,MENTAL health ,SOCIAL workers ,PSYCHOLOGICAL burnout ,INTERPROFESSIONAL relations ,RESEARCH funding ,ATTACHMENT behavior ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,COMMUNITIES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,SOCIAL case work ,SURVEYS ,COMMUNITY services ,DATA analysis software ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,WELL-being - Abstract
Summary: Burnout has become an increasingly prevalent condition, especially affecting professionals in direct contact with clients. Human service workers (HSWs) have quite emotionally taxing jobs supporting vulnerable groups. In developing a close relationship with the communities they work with, it could be possible that community-related variables have an impact on HSWs' burnout. We aim to analyze the prevalence of burnout in a sample of HSWs from Portugal and the role of community resilience as a predictor of their burnout, as well as explore if their subjective well-being and community attachment could explain the relationship between community resilience and burnout, during the COVID-19 pandemic. Data were collected through an online questionnaire between August 2020 and January 2021 (N = 598). Findings: Results indicate that HSWs presented medium to low levels of burnout, although 8.9% presented high levels. Those who reported lower levels of burnout perceived higher community resilience and had much higher well-being and community attachment. Findings point to community resilience having a significant direct effect on burnout and also an indirect effect, which was explained by subjective well-being and community attachment. Applications: Results seem to suggest that this sample's low-medium levels of burnout could be linked to the benefit of experiencing high community attachment and working in communities with high resilience, which consequently impacted their well-being and burnout. This highlights the crucial role of the work context in professionals' mental health, showing that a broader context needs to be considered in professional mental health promotion programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Association Between Adolescent Self-Reported Physical Activity Behaviors and Feeling Close to People at School During the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Michael, Shannon L., Li, Jingjing, Sliwa, Sarah, Cornett, Kelly, and Hertz, Marci
- Subjects
SELF-evaluation ,MENTAL health ,EXERCISE ,BODY mass index ,SCHOOLS ,SEX distribution ,MULTIPLE regression analysis ,HIGH school students ,AFFINITY groups ,BEHAVIOR ,ANXIETY ,PHYSICAL education ,CHI-squared test ,RACE ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,ABILITY ,ANALYSIS of variance ,INTERPERSONAL relations ,PHYSICAL activity ,COVID-19 pandemic ,WELL-being ,MENTAL depression ,LITERATURE ,TRAINING ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
The disruption of school operations and routines caused by the COVID-19 pandemic affected students' physical and emotional well-being. Providing physical activity opportunities in schools can encourage students to positively engage with each other. Using a nationally representative sample of U.S. high school students from the Adolescent Behaviors and Experiences Survey (January to June 2021), we examined the association between physical activity behaviors and feeling close to people at school using sex-stratified and race/ethnicity-stratified multiple linear regressions models. Participating in team sports, being more physically active, and attending physical education (PE) during an average week were all associated with higher levels of feeling close to people at school, with variation by sex and race/ethnicity. These associations were also significant when the physical activity behavior variables were categorized to reflect national recommendations. Daily physical activity (i.e., ≥60 minutes all 7 days), daily PE (i.e., attended all 5 days), and the number of Comprehensive School Physical Activity Program (CSPAP) components implemented were associated with higher levels of feeling close to people at school. These findings suggest that opportunities for physical activity before, during, and after school are associated with increased levels of feeling close to people at school during crises like COVID-19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. Predicting the financial wellbeing of autistic adults: Part I.
- Author
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Cai, Ru Ying, Hall, Gabrielle, and Pellicano, Elizabeth
- Subjects
RISK assessment ,RESEARCH funding ,INCOME ,AUTISM ,CONFIDENCE ,ANXIETY ,FINANCIAL management ,QUALITY of life ,WELL-being ,MENTAL depression ,ADULTS - Abstract
Many autistic adults are likely to experience poor financial wellbeing and hardship due to unemployment and under-employment. Research in the general population demonstrates that subjective financial wellbeing—how people perceive their financial situation—influences quality of life. There is no research, however, examining the subjective financial wellbeing of autistic people. This study therefore aimed to (1) understand the subjective financial wellbeing of a sample of autistic adults living in Australia compared to a general Australian population sample and (2) identify the predictors of subjective financial wellbeing in this sample of autistic adults. To this end, 191 autistic adults aged 18–83 years (mean = 39.28, standard deviation = 11.74) completed an online survey about their economic status, financial wellbeing, financial behaviors, confidence in money management skills, and anxiety and depression symptoms. Almost half of our sample felt it was a struggle to make ends meet, whereas only one-third of the general Australian population felt this way. Similar to the general population, autistic people's income and their financial behaviors (specifically, saving and not borrowing for everyday expenses) predicted their sense of financial wellbeing. Our findings have implications for both research and practice. Researchers have found the way people feel about their financial situation is related to their quality of life. We know that many autistic people find it hard to find a job. And for those autistic people who have a job, they are often underpaid. Not having a job or being underpaid often means having low income. Having low income is likely to influence how autistic people feel about their financial situation. However, no research has looked at these issues for autistic people. This is the first study that helps us learn more about what autistic adults think about their financial situation. We looked at autistic people's thoughts on this issue compared to people from the general Australian population. We also looked at what things might impact how autistic people feel about their financial situation—which might be how much money they earn, what they do with that money, and their mental health. Many autistic adults felt they were struggling with financial wellbeing and this was connected both to the level of their income and how they said they managed their money. Those who were able to save and not borrow for everyday expenses reported feeling a greater sense of financial wellbeing. Concrete changes might help to improve autistic people's financial wellbeing. We need to investigate how we can help autistic people find and keep well-paying jobs. And we need to work out the best ways of equipping autistic people with the skills they need in financial matters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
37. The Long Shadow of Intimate Partner Violence: Associations of Mental and Physical Health With Employment, Housing, and Demographic Factors.
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Cordier, Reinie, Chen, Yu-Wei, Chung, Donna, Mahoney, Natasha, Martin, Robyn, Dorozenko, Kate, Franzway, Suzanne, Moulding, Nicole, Wendt, Sarah, and Zufferey, Carole
- Subjects
CROSS-sectional method ,INTIMATE partner violence ,MENTAL health ,HEALTH status indicators ,RESEARCH funding ,MENTAL illness ,LOGISTIC regression analysis ,SCIENTIFIC observation ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,WORK-life balance ,FISHER exact test ,CONFIDENCE ,CITIZENSHIP ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,CHI-squared test ,HOUSING ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DATA analysis software ,EMPLOYMENT ,SOCIAL participation ,WELL-being - Abstract
Ongoing health issues influence the postseparation lives of survivors of intimate partner violence (IPV). This study identified associations between health following IPV and demographic, housing, employment, and social participation factors. Survivors of IPV in Australia were surveyed. Logistic regression assessed factors of interest with physical and mental health conditions. Six hundred and fifty-eight women participated. Physical health issues were associated with reduced skills and confidence in employment. A mental health diagnosis was associated with women not working as desired and lower incomes. Screening for health impacts and longer-term responses to women could reduce the long shadow of IPV impacts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
38. Peer-initiated motivational climate, mental health and adherence in competitive youth sport.
- Author
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McLaren, Colin D, Shanmugaratnam, Achuthan, and Bruner, Mark W
- Subjects
MENTAL health ,ATHLETES' health ,MOTIVATION (Psychology) ,COACH-athlete relationships ,HOCKEY ,WELL-being ,SPORTS participation ,OLDER athletes - Abstract
Through interactions with important social agents (coaches, parents, and peers), youth athletes will infer that being successful in sport falls somewhere along the continuum between (a) improvement and hard work and (b) winning at all costs. The environment created as a result of these interactions has important implications for athlete mental health and future sport participation. This study examined the relationships between peer-initiated motivational climate, athlete wellbeing, and intention to return to the team. Youth athletes (N = 130; M
age = 13.45 years) from nine competitive ice hockey teams completed a questionnaire near the end of season. Using mixed-effects linear modeling, findings revealed that a task-related peer climate significantly predicted wellbeing (β = 0.32, 95% CI [0.18, 0.47]) and intention to return (β = 0.43, 95% CI [0.17, 0.68]), whereas an ego-related peer climate was not significantly related to wellbeing (β = 0.10, 95% CI [−0.07, 0.26]) or intentions to return (β = −0.29, 95% CI [−0.58, 0.01]). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
39. Perspectives of autistic adolescent girls and women on the determinants of their mental health and social and emotional well-being: A systematic review and thematic synthesis of lived experience.
- Author
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O'Connor, Rachel AG, Doherty, Mary, Ryan-Enright, Theresa, and Gaynor, Keith
- Subjects
MENTAL health ,SOCIAL determinants of health ,RESEARCH funding ,AUTISM ,EMOTIONS ,SYSTEMATIC reviews ,MEDLINE ,THEMATIC analysis ,EXPERIENCE ,WELL-being ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,ADOLESCENCE ,ADULTS - Abstract
Autistic girls and women experience more mental health difficulties and poorer well-being than their non-autistic peers. Little emphasis has been placed on the perspectives of the girls and women within the literature. This review aims to provide an overview of the factors that impact autistic females' emotional and social well-being and mental health, as described in self-report qualitative studies. The protocol for the present review was pre-registered on PROSPERO (CRD42020184983), and this article follows Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PsycInfo, Academic Search Complete and MEDLINE were systematically searched using a pre-defined search string. This yielded 877 unique records, which were systematically screened by two reviewers, resulting in 52 eligible studies. Structured data extraction and quality appraisal were completed. The present review presents the perspectives of 973 autistic females aged 13–70+. Thematic synthesis identified three themes and nine subthemes. Our findings suggest that autistic girls' and women's experiences can be conceptualised within a social model, where biological and psychological factors ('The Autistic Neurotype') are experienced through the lens of social factors ('The Neurotypical World' and 'Stigma'), together shaping well-being and mental health outcomes. Difficulties with mental health and low levels of well-being are more common among autistic girls and women than non-autistic people, but we do not fully understand why. Research does not focus enough on what autistic girls and women could tell us about this. This review aims to summarise the studies where autistic girls and women explain things that affect their mental health and well-being to help us understand how to prevent these difficulties from developing. Three research databases were searched to find possibly relevant studies. There were 877 studies found, which two researchers screened according to particular criteria. They found 52 studies that could be included in this review. One researcher evaluated the quality of these studies and extracted the key information from them. This review summarises the views of 973 autistic girls and women aged between 13 and 70+. The findings from the 52 studies were analysed, and we found many factors that affect the mental health and well-being of autistic girls and women. These factors fall into two categories: (1) difficulties living in a world not designed for autistic people and (2) the impact of stigma due to being autistic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Hurt on Both Sides: Political Differences in Health and Well-Being during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
- Author
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Coleman, Max E. and Andersson, Matthew A.
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,WELL-being ,SOCIAL support ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress - Abstract
Republicans and conservatives report better self-rated health and well-being compared to Democrats and liberals, yet they are more likely to reside in geographic areas with heavy COVID-19 morbidity and mortality. This harmed health on "both sides" of political divides, occurring in a time of rapid sociopolitical upheaval, warrants the revisiting of psychosocial mechanisms linked to political health differences. Drawing on national Gallup data (early 2021), we find that predicted differences in health or well-being vary substantially by ideology, party, voting behavior, and policy beliefs, with model fit depending on how politics are measured. Differences in self-rated health, psychological distress, happiness, trouble sleeping, and delayed health care tend to reveal worse outcomes for Democrats or liberals. Such differences often are reduced to insignificance by some combination of mastery, meritocratic beliefs, perceived social support, and COVID-19–related exposures and attitudes. Policy beliefs predict health differences most robustly across outcomes and mechanism adjustments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Mental Health and Well-being Measures for Mean Comparison and Screening in Adolescents: An Assessment of Unidimensionality and Sex and Age Measurement Invariance.
- Author
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Black, Louise, Humphrey, Neil, Panayiotou, Margarita, and Marquez, Jose
- Subjects
COMPETENCY assessment (Law) ,MENTAL illness prevention ,PSYCHIATRIC epidemiology ,WELL-being ,RESEARCH ,AGE distribution ,SELF-evaluation ,MEDICAL screening ,COMPARATIVE studies ,SEX distribution ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,DISEASE prevalence ,FACTOR analysis ,RESEARCH funding ,SENSITIVITY & specificity (Statistics) ,INTERNALIZING behavior ,ADOLESCENCE - Abstract
Adolescence is a period of increased vulnerability for low well-being and mental health problems, particularly for girls and older adolescents. Accurate measurement via brief self-report is therefore vital to understanding prevalence, group trends, screening efforts, and response to intervention. We drew on data from the #BeeWell study (N = 37,149, aged 12–15) to consider whether sum-scoring, mean comparisons, and deployment for screening were likely to show bias for eight such measures. Evidence for unidimensionality, considering dynamic fit confirmatory factor models, exploratory graph analysis, and bifactor modeling, was found for five measures. Of these five, most showed a degree of non-invariance across sex and age likely incompatible with mean comparison. Effects on selection were minimal, except sensitivity was substantially lower in boys for the internalizing symptoms measure. Measure-specific insights are discussed, as are general issues highlighted by our analysis, such as item reversals and measurement invariance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Role of Gardening in Mental Health, Food Security, and Economic Well-Being in Resettled Refugees: A Mixed Methods Study.
- Author
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Gangamma, Rashmi, Walia, Bhavneet, Minkoff-Zern, Laura-Anne, and Tor, Shaelise
- Subjects
FOOD security ,MENTAL health ,WELL-being ,REFUGEE children ,FOOD preferences ,REFUGEE resettlement ,REFUGEE camps ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress - Abstract
Executive Summary: Home and community gardening is emerging as a beneficial intervention for resettled refugee populations. Using an interdisciplinary lens, we examined whether gardening influences mental health, food security, and economic well-being. A mixed methods study (n = 29) was conducted with quantitative surveys to assess indicators of mental health, food security, and economic well-being. Qualitative, semi-structured interviews explored gardener participants' experience of gardening benefits (n = 10). Participants had on average been in the United States for seven and a half years, with most having lived in refugee camps prior to arrival. Findings showed gardeners reporting fewer symptoms of anxiety, depression, and trauma, and lesser food insecurity than non-gardeners, and similar indicators of economic well-being. Non-parametric regression analysis showed that being a gardener significantly predicted less psychological distress. Qualitative data substantiated these findings with gardeners reporting improved mental health, closer family, social relationships and connections with culture, and more access to fresh and organic food. The multiple, simultaneous benefits of gardening reported here provide strong support for building community-based health promotion programs to assist refugee integration, including long after arrival. The study further highlights the importance of examining these interrelated factors of mental health, food security, and economic well-being simultaneously and reevaluating the established goals of refugee resettlement, particularly in the United States. We offer the following recommendations: • Policymakers and refugee resettlement practitioners should integrate culturally appropriate community-based health promotion efforts in refugee programs long after the initial resettlement period. • Researchers on refugee integration outcomes should include interdisciplinary perspectives that offer comprehensive understanding of processes related to health outcomes. • Policymakers on refugee resettlement and integration should consider the linkages between mental health, food security, and economic well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Mindfulness Practice Is Associated With Improved Well-Being and Reduced Injury Risk in Female NCAA Division I Athletes.
- Author
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Haraldsdottir, Kristin, Sanfilippo, Jennifer, Anderson, Scott, Steiner, Quinn, McGehee, Chad, Schultz, Kevin, and Watson, Andrew
- Subjects
MINDFULNESS ,WELL-being ,SPORTS injuries ,COLLEGE athletes ,ATHLETE training ,MALE athletes ,HIGH school athletes - Abstract
Background: Injury in sport is an inherent risk to participation, and it can have devastating consequences for the athlete, both mentally and physically. Previous research has found that impairments in well-being can increase the risk of injury, and that various forms of mindfulness training and practice can improve well-being and mental health in various populations. Hypothesis: Mindfulness would be associated with greater well-being and lower risk of injury. Study Design: Cohort study. Level of Evidence: Level 3. Methods: A total of 21 female Division I athletes underwent a formal 6-week mindfulness training program and were encouraged to continue mindfulness exercises. The athletes completed daily surveys on their smartphones in relation to mood, muscle readiness (soreness), readiness to train, energy level, daily training load, and whether they had participated in mindfulness training that day. Linear mixed effects models were used to evaluate well-being variables and mindfulness state, and separate mixed effects logistics regression models were used to evaluate injury incidence and wellness variables. Results: On days with mindfulness practice, athletes reported higher mood (19.6 [18.8-20.3] vs 19.4 [18.6-20.1, P = 0.03), muscle readiness (18.9 [17.8-20.0] vs 18.6 [17.5-19.6], P = 0.03), readiness to train (78.7 [75.9-81.5] vs 77.4 [74.7-80.2], P < 0.01), and energy level (19.3 [18.6-20.1] vs 18.8 [18.1-19.5, P < 0.01) than on the days when they did not participate in mindfulness training. Mindfulness practice was associated with significantly reduced likelihood of suffering an acute injury the following day (odds ratio, 0.42; 95% CI, 0.42-0.43; P < 0.01). Conclusion: On an individual level, participation in mindfulness by female collegiate athletes was associated with a dramatic reduction in injury risk the following day. In addition, mindfulness was associated with significantly improved mood, muscle readiness, readiness to train, and energy level. Clinical Relevance: These findings suggest that mindfulness training in athletes may improve well-being and reduce the risk of injury among high-level athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. A small-scale study exploring the efficacy of scale modelling as an open intervention for military veterans with mental health conditions.
- Author
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Lawrence, Ceri and Ellison, Diane
- Subjects
COMPETENCY assessment (Law) ,WELL-being ,STATISTICS ,RESEARCH ,RESEARCH methodology ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,POST-traumatic stress disorder ,PSYCHOLOGY of veterans ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,ART therapy ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DATA analysis - Abstract
Introduction: Medical discharges due to mental health conditions have steadily increased within the British Armed Forces since 2007, with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) cited for 41% of these. Mental health conditions can adversely impact engagement in activities of daily living. Research has shown that meaningful activity has benefits for mental well-being and engagement in this population. Aims: This small-scale study aimed to determine whether scale modelling had a measurable impact on veteran well-being and to describe how the results of this study may inform future occupational therapy research with veterans. Method: This was a retrospective quantitative design using the Short Warwick and Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale to gather pre- and post-engagement data from veterans attending scale-modelling groups. Results: N = 12. There was a positive difference between pre- and post-engagement in scale modelling, p < 0.05, and effect size 0.61 within a limited participant pool. The Model-of-Human-Occupation and the Occupational Perspective of Health framework demonstrated that participants who found meaning and value in an activity were most likely to benefit from it. Conclusion: This study suggests that scale modelling enables health, well-being and independence for veterans if found meaningful by them. This is a limited-size study contributing to an under-researched area, opening pathways for further research with this participant group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Experiences of 'virtual' occupational therapy service delivery in Wales.
- Author
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Ingham, Laura, Burke, Jan, and Purcell, Catherine
- Subjects
WELL-being ,ATTITUDES of medical personnel ,WORK ,RESEARCH methodology ,INTERVIEWING ,MENTAL health ,MEDICAL care ,OCCUPATIONAL therapy ,EXPERIENTIAL learning ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,STUDENT attitudes ,THEMATIC analysis ,INDUSTRIAL hygiene ,TELEMEDICINE - Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 accelerated the implementation of virtual working at pace, which carries the risk of missed opportunities for shared learning across organisations and services. This study therefore investigated the experiences of 'virtual working' among occupational therapy (OT) staff and students in Wales. The objectives were to establish the meaning of virtual working for occupational therapists (OTs), identify the perceived advantages and disadvantages of the technologies used to support virtual working and explore the specific contextual factors that impact on service delivery. Method: An online questionnaire was completed by 191 registered and unregistered OT staff and students working in Wales, and 11 semi-structured interviews were conducted in a convergent mixed methods design. Results and Findings: The questionnaire data confirmed that the use of virtual working has increased and impacts all areas of service delivery. The semi-structured interviews identified three themes: the art of OT, keeping doors open and looking forward. Conclusion: Virtual working can improve access to services, but one size does not fit all and its use in person centred care should be carefully considered. Virtual working should not compromise high quality service provision and the risks of virtual working to staff's mental and physical health needs to be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Assessment of Anxiety in Long-Term Care Residents: Issues and Strategies.
- Author
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Pifer, Marissa A., Segal, Daniel L., Jester, Dylan J., and Molinari, Victor
- Subjects
- *
WELL-being , *SELF-evaluation , *GERIATRIC assessment , *MENTAL health , *PSYCHOLOGICAL tests , *QUALITY of life , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *ANXIETY , *LONG-term health care - Abstract
The experience of clinically significant anxiety and anxiety disorders represent significant and often debilitating problems for many residents in long-term care (LTC) settings. However, anxiety problems often go undetected and untreated in this growing population. The purposes of this paper are to examine the prevalence and impact of anxiety problems among residents in LTC facilities, describe the efficacy of the current instruments that are used to detect anxiety in these settings, and provide clinical guidance for the thorough assessment of anxiety. Regarding measurement tools, the GAI, GAI-SF, GAS-LTC, and the BADS are the only self-report measures designed for older adults that have been successfully validated for use with older adults living in LTC settings. Clinicians should focus on ways to educate LTC directors and staff to emphasize the importance of screening and assessing for anxiety, using validated measures, to improve the assessment and treatment of anxiety in their residents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Mental Health Outcome Measures in Environmental Design Research: A Critical Review.
- Author
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Shin, Jung-hye, Dennis Jr., Samuel, and Mohammed, Hassnaa
- Subjects
- *
HEALTH outcome assessment , *MENTAL health , *DESIGN research , *PSYCHOMETRICS - Abstract
Aim: During the last several decades, researchers have produced abundant evidence of the environmental impacts on stress, attention, and physical activity. More recently, scholars have turned their focus to the influence environments have on mental wellness. Therefore, a critical review of this more recent research is both timely and crucial for setting the future research agenda. Methods: In this article, we examined 65 papers published between 2008 and 2019 that examined the environmental correlates of a wide variety of mental health outcomes. We coded each study by type of environment, research design, mental health measurement scale used, and p -value. Results: We categorized the research studies into six groups based on mental health outcomes: emotions, moods, vitality, executive function, stress, and general well-being. Our review revealed several trends among the studies, including a heavy focus on nature and outdoor environments with little attention to workplace or residential environments; a lack of consensus on how to operationalize the environment; a heavy reliance on self-reported ratings using a wide variety of scales, many focused on the same outcome; and a disproportionate focus on short-term health effects. Conclusions: There is a need for greater consensus on research constructs and health outcome measurements, focused on a wider variety of environmental settings and scales, in order to better inform evidence-based environmental design practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. COVID-19 Survey Participation and Wellbeing: A Survey Experiment.
- Author
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Sollis, Kate, Biddle, Nicholas, Edwards, Ben, and Herz, Diane
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,PARTICIPATION ,COMMUNITY involvement ,WELL-being ,SOCIAL impact ,SOCIAL sciences education - Abstract
Individuals throughout the world are being recruited into studies to examine the social impacts of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). While previous literature has illustrated how research participation can impact distress and wellbeing, to the authors' best knowledge no study has examined this in the COVID-19 context. Using an innovative approach, this study analyses the impacts of participation in a COVID-19 survey in Australia on subjective wellbeing through a survey experiment. At a population level, we find no evidence that participation impacts subjective wellbeing. However, this may not hold for those with mental health concerns and those living in financial insecurity. These findings provide the research community with a deeper understanding of the potential wellbeing impacts from COVID-19-related research participation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Association Between Social Networks and Subjective Well-Being in Adolescents: A Systematic Review.
- Author
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Webster, Deborah, Dunne, Laura, and Hunter, Ruth
- Subjects
SUBJECTIVE well-being (Psychology) ,ONLINE social networks ,SOCIAL networks ,BODY image ,TEENAGERS ,WELL-being - Abstract
Social networks are ubiquitous in the lives of adolescents. This work systematically reviewed all studies which investigated the relationship between subjective well-being and the social networks of adolescents. Twenty-nine articles (out of 1,204 hits) were included within the review. Offline social networks have a positive association between the mood, self-esteem, and loneliness of adolescents but not body image. Nine of the studies investigating online social networks found a positive association on mood, life satisfaction, and loneliness through support seeking and receiving positive feedback. Fifteen of the studies found a negative association between online social networks and mood, self-esteem, life satisfaction, body image, and overall subjective well-being through high investment, passive use, receiving negative feedback, and social media ostracism. There is a need for intervention programs and education for young people, educators, and parents to address the risks to subjective well-being brought about by online social networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Relationship of Living and Eating Arrangements to Mental Distress Among Older Korean Immigrants: Gender Difference in the Mediating Role of Loneliness.
- Author
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Park, Nan Sook, Jang, Yuri, Chung, Soondool, Chiriboga, David A., and Haley, William E.
- Subjects
IMMIGRANTS ,FOOD habits ,WELL-being ,AGE distribution ,MENTAL health ,SEX distribution ,SOCIAL isolation ,LONELINESS ,RESEARCH funding ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,FACTOR analysis ,MENTAL depression ,RESIDENTIAL patterns ,PSYCHOLOGICAL distress ,OLD age - Abstract
This study examined how different living/eating arrangements were associated with loneliness and depressive symptoms among older Korean immigrants. We examined gender differences considering: (1) patterns of living/eating arrangements and their relations with loneliness and mental distress and (2) indirect effect of living/eating arrangements on mental distress through feeling lonely. Data were drawn from the Study of Older Korean Americans that surveyed older; Korean immigrants during 2017–2018 (N = 2150). Living/eating arrangements were classified in the combination of four categores. Using the PROCESS macro, we tested gender differences in the mediation effect of loneliness on the relationship between living/eating arrangements and mental distress while controlling for background/health characteristics and social connectedness-related variables. The mediating role of loneliness was manifested differentially between men and women. By administering simple measures of living/eating arrangements, practitioners could potentially identify key targets to improve social and mental well-being, particularly among older immigrants with limited resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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