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Presents abstracts of papers presented at the Association of American Geographers' 1942 meeting in New York City. "Rural-Urban Population Ratios," by Alford Archer; "Land Classification in the Matanuska Valley," by Meredith F. Burrill; "Siberian Resources for Soviet Warfare," by George B. Cressey; "Geographical distribution of human productivity," by Ellsworth Huntington. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the life and work of the nineteenth-century French-American artist Victor Prevost. While Prevost's name is familiar to photography historians, the diversity of his artistic accomplishments has not been fully appreciated. An artist celebrated for work in several mediums, Prevost was already making large-format calotypes in 1851 while living in New York City. He was also responsible for innovations in telescopic photography, joining with astronomers at the West Point Military Academy in 1854 to capture a solar eclipse on paper. This paper seeks to broaden knowledge of Prevost's life and work as a commercial artist in New York during the nineteenth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents several queries on topics and issues related to art and literature. Search for the original source of a quotation on exchanging babies for a pound of tea; Symbolic meaning of the points in the crown of the Statue of Liberty; Information on the process of making cut and embossed paper scenes.

Homelessness in the United States (US) has been increasing at an exponential rate over the past three decades, and the US has not experienced the current level of homelessness since the Great Depression of the 1930s. In addition, regulations and policies governing shelters have also increased. Given the historic levels of homelessness and increased bureaucracy, this paper aims to expand on the current literature related to governance of shelters by examining: (1) how families residing in the shelters are impacted by policies related to homelessness and governance within shelters (i.e. shelter rules), and (2) potential points of intervention to improve policy, programming, and shelter governance that better address the growing needs of homeless families. Using a convergent parallel design, we conducted a mixed methods study with caregiver residents and their children (ages 13–17 years), as well as staff, from two family shelters located in a large city in the northeastern US. Findings from the study revealed that policies and programs aimed at assisting homeless families often did not adequately respond to the needs of families (e.g. finding permanent housing), and residents found shelter rules to be overly restrictive. Policy and programming recommendations are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights the 11th International Federation of Psychoanalytic Societies forum organized by the William Alanson White Institute in Brooklyn in New York, New York in May 2000. Topics discussed in the congress; Schedule of activities; List of speakers and participants.

This article highlights the career of William D. Straight, a U.S. banker-diplomat from New York City. Historians have differed as to whether the First World War was characterized by Anglo-American co-operation or by fierce competition, particularly in the economic sphere. Several, notably Burton I. Kaufman and Carl P. Parrini, have argued that during the war New York bankers were divided into two groups so far as international banking activities were concerned: those associated with the pre-eminent firm of J. P. Morgan & Co., whose partners favored financial and commercial Anglo-American co-operation on a global scale, and those working with the National City Bank, who preferred fierce competition with the British for export and overseas investment opportunities. Morgans concentrated on war financing for the Allies, while the National City Bank attempted to expand both its network of foreign branches and its overseas investments. Both economic strategies had their weakness: the expansion of United States's war-related commerce, while temporarily profitable, made the U.S. economy dangerously dependent upon business which was, by its very nature, transient; the National City Bank's Russian branches proved a complete loss when the Bolshevik government nationalized them in December 1917.

This paper provides comments on the article by Baumer and Wolff. The key goal of these remarks is to stimulate thinking about the broader context of crime declines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

London and New York have often been hailed for their sustainable planning practices. However, when one focuses on the entire city region, there is ever-increasing car-dependent development. This paper focuses on the exurban region of the two cities investigating transport-created CO2emissions. The research is based on the analysis of data of the National Travel Surveys of Great Britain and the USA through a quantification of personal travel and a top-down estimation of CO2emissions. It is the exurban region that accounts for the vast majority of CO2emissions: 77% for London and 87% for New York. In the wider region for both cities there is a policy vacuum and dearth of regional planning mechanisms to deliver policies to reduce CO2emissions. The paper argues that transport needs to be planned at the city-regional scale.ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHERCopyright of Journal of Environmental Planning & Management is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper problematizes public housing privatization. It compares the trajectory of tenure change in two garden communities – Garbatella, Rome and Sunnyside Gardens, New York City – which privileged public and private ownership, respectively. The cases are currently dealing with tenure change. Sunnyside experienced the enclosure of gardens and citizens’ attempt to reclaim what was held in common in order to bring back the communal spaces. Garbatella is a place where growth over time of rights, powers, immunities, and privileges is manifested in long-lasting processes of appropriation of public housing goods. Despite their different stories, Sunnyside helps to problematize the process of public housing privatization in Garbatella which is further complicated by tenure complexity, State-induced rent gap and institutional displacement. The analysis of tenure change, done by using the ‘incidents of ownership’ notion developed by Marcuse, contributes to the understanding of what public housing privatization means in social and spatial terms. Housing privatization leads to an erosion of the in-between space where individual and collective aspiration meet as a precondition for the reproduction of what is held in common: spatial goods such as open spaces and housing – a fundamental aspect of our citizenship. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

In the United States, an increasing number of new teachers are being prepared through alternative, or early entry, routes into teaching. These new forms of teacher preparation raise important questions about how and in what ways candidates are being prepared, particularly in key areas such as classroom management. To shed light upon these questions, this paper draws upon data from a larger study of teacher preparation in New York City which is engaged in examining the features of both alternative and traditional pathways into teaching. This paper uses qualitative data regarding preparation required by 31 childhood teacher education programs and survey data from 460 program graduates, to analyze new teachers' preparation for classroom management in New York City. We found that less than half of the traditional programs required any coursework in classroom management. Early entry candidates were more likely to have had a course in classroom management. The paper also reports survey findings regarding teachers' reports of their opportunities to learn, which suggest that teachers in traditional programs may encounter more foundational knowledge in such courses, while early entry teachers may have more opportunities to learn practical, concrete strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This note is a follow-up to the article "Performing Communism in the American Dance: Culture, Politics, and the New Dance Group" which appeared in the 2008 Volume 7, #1 issue of American Communist History. It focuses particularly on the history of the New York City dance troupe New Dance Group (NDG) established by a group of six radical women in 1932 to promote dance which reflected revolutionary and working-class idealogies. The NDG ceased operations in 2009 and some of its choreographer/performers included Sophie Maslow, Jane Dudley, and Eve Gentry.

The article discusses the alleged blacklisting of U.S. author and former member of the Communist Party Howard Fast during the 1950s. It examines the author's arguments regarding the consequences of blacklisting upon Fast's professional career. It explores the 1947 decision by the Board of Superintendents of New York City (NYC) to recommend that Fast's novel, "Citizen Tom Paine," be removed from city secondary schools. The author also discusses the reaction of U.S. textbook publishers such as Macmillan and Harcourt, Brace. It also discusses the U.S. House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) and book banning censorship in the U.S. The author asserts that Fast's literary career and reputation were not mended until Fast publicly renounced the Communist Party in 1957.

This paper examines the ongoing challenge faced by the Chicana author in developing and implementing a feminist of colour curriculum for an after-school women group in a large New York City high school. The focus of this paper is to explore the challenges of diverse cultural exchanges of feminist knowledge, even within the same geographical location and especially where there exists unequal institutional, political or social power among and between group members and facilitators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is an empirical examination of the process of 'super-gentrification' in the Brooklyn Heights neighbourhood of New York City. This intensified regentrification is happening in a few select areas of global cities like London and New York that have become the focus of intense investment and conspicuous consumption by a new generation of super-rich 'financifiers' fed by fortunes from the global finance and corporate service industries. This latest resurgence of gentrification can be distinguished from previous rounds of revitalisation and poses important questions about the historical continuity of current manifestations of gentrification with previous generations of neighbourhood change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper compares Malaysia's Multimedia Super-corridor (MSC) and New York's Silicon Alley to assess whether state-led development of digital districts is a viable alternative to neo-liberal approaches. The changing nature of east Asia's developmental states as they adopt neo-liberal elements (such as venture capital) casts doubt on the idea that east Asian cities are 'embedded' in developmental frameworks. Using actor-network theory to conceptualise the nesting of cities as processes of 'translation', the paper examines how state frameworks in the US and Malaysia shaped the respective efforts of district entrepreneurs to weave together ideas, resources and relationships. The findings confirm actor-network theory's claim that the significance of a particular element depends on the network it becomes enmeshed in. In the case of Silicon Alley, neo-liberal regimes did not directly participate but promoted devices (such as venture capital, options) that enabled venture capitalists to bring together myriad enterpreneurs. In contrast, the Malaysian state, which is deemed a 'developmental hybrid', devised a comprehensive plan for the MSC and itself used devices such as venture capital to enrol participants. While Silicon Alley was a temporary base for circulating capital, the MSC effort is creating an enduring foundation for digital industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Regional Studies is the property of Routledge and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper outlines plans for a research project on representations of basketball in New York City. It argues that a highly performative style of playground basketball strongly associated with racialized urban ghettos, often referred to as “streetball,” has become a significant way that basketball-related products has been marketed in the late-twentieth and early-twenty-first centuries. These marketing efforts are an important source of popular fantasy about the “iconic ghetto,” and work to maintain racialized spatial relations in the U.S. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Highlights a national convention on speech education to be held at the Hotel McAlpin in New York City in December 1925. Various sessions to be featured at the conference; Papers to be presented.

Discusses the experiences of a cub reporter in New York City that served as the apprenticeship of Lincoln Steffens, one of America's great political commentators whose autobiography remains a classic of such literature. Indication that newspaper's structural characteristics and political ideology shaped the reporting apprenticeship on New York and other metropolitan dailies in 1890s.

Transportation is an area where operations research has had a great impact on systems by improving service quality and reducing operating costs. In particular, one of the most visible applications is in routing and scheduling school buses. In this paper we investigate various issues related to the development of a computerized system to help route and schedule school buses throughout the five boroughs of New York City. The routing problem presents many challenges because of its magnitude, the vast resources involved and the intricacies one encounters when routing in a completely urban environment. We analyze various aspects of the problem including the generation of routes in the Borough of Manhattan and provide a solution requiring far fewer buses than are currently in use. The computerized system, called CATS, incorporating many of the results obtained in this research, is currently being used to route Special Education students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper sets forth a research methodology to evaluate the social impact of projects on people. The data and measurement techniques are drawn from a preliminary social impact assessment of the Nuclear Fuel Services facility in West Valley, New York. In addition to collecting socio-economic and demographic information on the region, a survey of West Valley area residents was conducted. Respondents were questioned about their level of awareness of the issues surrounding the plant, their knowledge about the issue sphere, the nature and level of their concern regarding the facility, and proposed policies to deal with the plant. A major finding is that residents living in the region are apprehensive about the health dangers that can result from radioactive contamination of the environment, and favor removal of the plant and restoration of the area. How the results of our study were incorporated into the policy making process is discussed at the conclusion of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the electronic publishing initiative of the Columbia University in New York, New York. Perspectives on the Online Books Evaluation Project of the university; Interest of scholars on online books; Costs of producing and owning print and online books.

This paper describes and evaluates some fundamental facts about the contemporary crime drop, summarizes the major explanations that have been offered for it, and assesses the validity of these explanations in light of observed trends. In contrast with much of the recent literature, we argue that the locus of the crime drop in the 1990s is not wholly consistent with the available data and that while New York City experienced substantial crime decreases, its uniqueness has been exaggerated. We suggest that it is important to partition the crime drop observed in New York City and elsewhere into global and more localized shifts, and we offer some observations about the factors that appear most germane to driving these different dimensions of recent crime drops. We conclude with some suggestions for future inquiry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Provides information on the papers presented at symposia held during the Association of American Geographers' 1942 meeting in New York City. Papers focusing on selected counties of the Southern United States; Papers on problems of post-war reconstruction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While the scope of activities that constitute teacher leadership has become better defined, the professional development of emerging teacher leaders is just beginning to be discussed. In this study, the teacher leadership activities of beginning English-as-a-second-language teachers in a wide variety of settings in New York City public schools were examined in terms of the professional direction, support and development that these new teachers received that set them on the path to teacher leadership. Identified were several paths to teacher leadership, which ranged from well-defined to ill-structured. This paper sheds light on the generative processes involved, and contextualizes the role of novice teacher leaders against increased attention to teacher leadership in the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The unprecedented toxic release in lower Manhattan on September 11, 2001 created one of the worst environmental disasters in US history, followed by a contentious and ongoing battle over the existence, etiology, and legitimation of World Trade Center-related illness. In this paper, I explore the enactment of epistemic authority by a complex array of stakeholders-government officials, scientists, physicians, environmentalists, advocates, journalists, and politicians-who have woven medical-scientific knowledge into their competing agendas and platforms. Despite the scientific validation of environmental dangers, the clinical documentation of illness and the epidemiological substantiation of links between environmental exposure and illness onset, the political-economic interests of federal, state, and local bodies have often been privileged over the protection of public health. 9/11 illness is a 'contested illness' enmeshed in politically charged disputes regarding the relationship of environmental toxins to disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study focuses on Barry H. Gottehrer, who authored "City in Crisis," an acclaimed New York Herald Tribune series about the problems facing New York City in the 1960s. Gottehrer subsequently joined Mayor John Lindsay's administration to help quell civil unrest in the face of events such as the Vietnam War and the assassination of Martin Luther King, Jr. This study considers Gottehrer's place among journalists who abandoned journalistic neutrality to become active government players. Gottehrer's methods reflected a novel communications strategy in which he tried to avoid press coverage of himself and his associates while working to give media access to disenfranchised people with the understanding that gaining such attention was often the underlying goal of protests and riots. He employed his strategy at a time of a shifting media landscape with the close of numerous newspapers in New York City and the rise of local TV news. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the highlights of the "Obama Meets the World: Realities and Recommendations for a New Administration" symposium held at the March 2009 Dialogue Left Forum at Pace University in New York City. The symposium features four presenters and discussed issues related to U.S. President Barack Obama's capacity to change, including educational reform, peace in the Middle east and foreign policy. The limitations of the symposium are cited. Overview of the papers presented at the symposium are also provided.

The New York City Police Department (NYPD) has made enforcement of laws against disorder and quality-of-life offenses a central part of its policing strategy. Concomitantly, New York City (NYC) experienced a renaissance in orderliness, cleanliness, tourism, real estate value, and crime reduction, although other problems such as poverty, unemployment, drug abuse, racial tensions, and homelessness persist. This paper examines quality-of-life policing practices in NYC, describes the philosophical underpinnings, explores the critical response to the program, and presents lessons of potential relevance to other policing organizations in the USA and around the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the repeated appearance of scenes showing the partial or complete destruction of New York City in American cinema of the Cold War. While this theme goes across genres, it has been especially prevalent in science fiction films which are the focus of this study. It begins by showing the particular reasons for this morbid fascination and the history of such imagery in nineteenth and early twentieth century literature and cinema. The paper then analyses the changing presentations of destruction from the 1950s to the 1980s and relates them to the dominant fears and anxieties of each period. It concludes by taking a brief look at the continuation of the theme in the post-Cold War period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Universities that promote a liberal education through creative, cross-cultural curriculum nurture the goals of democracy and assist students in becoming 'citizens of the world.' Democratic education for social justice and global consciousness are necessary tools in the peaceful transformation of today's violent conflicts, which now supersede national and cultural boundaries. This paper focuses on how a course in Conflict Resolution can assist a student's development of a democratic global consciousness. The author draws upon her experience as both a graduate student of peace and conflict studies and a professor of Conflict Resolution at a New York City university. Specifically, the article offers a framework for a transdisciplinary conflict resolution education that is cosmopolitan and promotes social justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines Afrocuban cultural practices in New York City, specifically the 'folkloric' music and dance complex known as rumba. I look at these cultural performances as arenas in which black Cubans from the post-1980 migratory cohorts (among others) craft and negotiate identifications that are shaped—discursively and spatially—by the larger social contexts, but are also sites for contesting hegemonic constructions of Cuban identity. Although most participants claim they are not political, I argue that they are engaged in a politics of recognition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This descriptive paper characterizes the sexual behaviors of a diverse sample (N = 311) of gay, bisexual, and other nonidentified men who have sex with men (MSM) who regularly attended gyms in New York City. Approximately 50% of the sample indicated sex with primary male partners, while 88% of the men had sexual relations with male casual partners in the 6 months prior to assessment. The participants met their casual partners in a variety of different venues, including the Internet. Differences were noted along key demographic factors with regard to the contexts in which men met their partners. The data indicate that the men use serosorting, strategic positioning, and contexts in which they meet other men, to influence choices concerning sexual partners and practices as a form of health protection. It is proposed that these patterns of sexual behavior are representative of the totality of the lives of gay, bisexual, and other MSM, because despite engaging in gym behaviors, which might be considered health promoting, these men are simultaneously taking risks. Such findings point to varying motivations as to why gay, bisexual, and other MSM actually attend the gym. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper applies the emerging construct of transnationalism to a detailed exploration of cultural identity and social relationships in the life stories of Indian immigrants to New York City (NYC). NYC is home to one of the most rapidly growing Indian diaspora communities in the USA. The participants' social relations with family, peers and ethnic community were explored through individual interviews. Their pre-immigration expectations of life in the USA and their actual post-immigration experiences were compared and contrasted. The study found that India's hierarchal social class system was present in NYC's diaspora community, despite the widespread stereotype in the USA of its Asian Indian population as uniformly composed of affluent professionals. The participants articulated and stressed a difference between two types of identity, that is, their personal identity as Indian and as members of the Indian diaspora community in NYC. The implications for ethnic and cultural identity issues among US-born Indian Americans ("American-born desis") in the transnational contexts of their lives are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT This paper examines the educational and social experiences of Korean-origin, working-class youth in New York City public high schools. By elucidating how Asian- origin youth understand, negotiate and resist the Asian model minority discourse, the participants (1) disrupt popular characterisations of the Asian-origin community, (2) critique dominant ideologies such as meritocracy and (3) share stories that Asian-origin youth can utilise to 'strengthen traditions of social, political, and cultural survival and resistance' (D. G. Solorzano & T.J. Yosso (2002) Critical race methodology: counter-storytelling as an analytical framework for education research, Qualitative Inquiry, 80), pp. 23-44). In addition to contributing important narratives to the discourse on school improvement, multiculturalism and urban education, these youth challenge educators to rethink problematic notions of identity and culture that perpetuate the marginalisation of Asian-origin people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on a study that was part of the Workplace Literacy Program for inner-city adults conducted at Columbia University in New York City. The program involves residents of public housing projects in Harlem, New York and provides a community-based alternative to vocational education. Participants receive training and mentoring on specific projects as well as guidance in assimilating to their new workplace ethos and in seeking new careers in information technology. The program was instrumental in developing the Inner-City Workplace Literacy Arc, which provides a scheme for assessing the workplace assimilation of inner-city adults along definable stages of development of contemporary labor-market skills. The program involves community organizations, institutions of higher education, and local businesses and thereby provides a more balanced approach to community-based learning than simple training programs. Participants have benefited by the use of reflection-with-action methods in their learning journals, group sessions and mentoring meetings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The audacious and devastating attacks by Islamic militants on the World Trade Center (WTC) and the Pentagon in the United States on September 11, 2001 constitute a watershed event in modern world history whose repercussions are still being felt everywhere. The subsequent attempts by the United States to build a global coalition against terrorism and the military action that it initiated in Afghanistan which saw the collapse of the Taliban regime in Kabul had far-reaching implications for the geopolitics of the region and far beyond. This paper, however, seeks to focus on the American decision to convert Pakistan yet again into a 'frontline state', this time in its fight against international terrorism, and the implications of this partnership for India-Pakistan relations, particularly their dispute over Jammu and Kashmir (hereafter 'Kashmir'). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores some of the unique characteristics that define globalization and global cities through an investigation of recent design trends in New York City restaurants, specifically gentrification, new users of global cities, casualization, and the processes of contestation and absorption of the dominant as well as nondominant cultures and classes in the city as they are played out in the physical, social, and economic morphology of the city over the past fifteen years. I will argue that these features define place in very specific and complex ways. Although locally oriented, restaurants reflect deeper and broader social and economic global forces that help to create the meaning of that space. The importation and exportation of specific restaurants to other existing and emerging global cities is already in progress. As such, restaurants offer a basis for analyzing emerging cities—those that, although not global, have an important relationship to global cities. The findings offered here are part of a larger five-year study of restaurants and come from personal interviews, questionnaires, onsite observations, and sources internal to the restaurant industry as well as other relevant sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The attack on the World Trade Center occurred less than a quarter of a mile from Pace University in Lower Manhattan. This paper represents a compilation of the recollection of the events of September 11, 2001, and its aftermath from the four senior staff members of the Counseling Center. Our purpose is to share our experiences and perspectives of these events from the point of view of the closest university to the attack. We will also share some of the ways in which we coped as a staff, how we helped the larger community to cope, and some of the lessons we learned from both a professional and personal point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advent of antiretroviral therapies in 1996 prompted an interest in the role played by ancillary services in improving access to and retention in medical care, particularly since the success of the new therapies is often contingent upon ongoing and appropriate primary medical care. Using self-reported survey data from a longitudinal representative sample of 577 HIV-positive adults in New York City, this paper explores the impact of such supportive services as drug treatment, case management, housing assistance, mental health treatment and transportation on engagement with medical care. The study's principal finding was that specific ancillary services were significantly associated with an increase in an individual's likelihood of entering medical care and maintaining appropriate medical care services for HIV, particularly when the services addressed a corresponding need. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Eastern and Ocean Parkways in Brooklyn, New York, designed by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux and built in the 1870s, are exemplars of the American version of the multi-way boulevard street form, a complex street type that allows many diverse activities to exist in close proximity to each other. Their physical form remains today much as originally built, despite changing attitudes toward street design that have worked against street complexity. This paper tells the story of these streets: how they were conceived, how they evolved, how they were managed, how they survived, and the impact they have had on urban form. It also describes how these streets helped create a unique sense of local place, how local place making intersected with larger, non-local forces, and the conflicts over meaning and use that ensued. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the crisis of liberalism in New York City in 1966 over a referendum for the proposal to abolish the civilian review board that was tasked to provide effective oversight of the New York City Police Department. Opposition of the Patrolmen's Benevolent Association to the creation of the review board; Victory of the Patrolmen's Benevolent Association in influencing the voters to oppose the review board; Reaction of liberal politicians to the referendum results.

The isolation of information technology professionals within their companies often prevents them from becoming active participants in the learning organization. This paper is a case study of the Information Technology (IT) department at Ravell Corporation (a pseudonym) in New York City. The author was retained as a consultant to improve the performance of the department and solve political problems. The IT department was isolated from the rest of the organization. The author undertook a program to involve IT more fully with the various departments at Ravell and to foster the growth of a learning organization in which all departments could learn from one another using reflection and reflective practices. IT staff were re-assigned and relocated to work in different areas of the business, and reflective practices were instituted to promote regular contact between IT and non-IT personnel. Through reflective discussions and attrition, values changed and the IT organization became more integrated into the business. This integration also assisted in the creation of a learning organization at Ravell. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The exploration of young people's environmental transactions and their strategies for negotiating the urban environment on the Lower East Side of Manhattan, reveals the implications of the post-industrial landscapes of gentrification and disinvestment, informal economies, and current public policy and discourses for the public spaces adolescents traverse everyday and the private spaces of their mental lives. In order to explore young people's understanding of their neighbourhood, their experiences in it, and their construction of self, I have developed the concept of 'street literacy'. Street literacy is a conceptual framework that describes the dynamic processes of experiential knowledge production and self-construction in a specified context, public urban space. This paper, theorizes how the environment, and in particular, the street, is a significant context for learning. The discussion will report on findings from work with junior high school students and their final collaborative research enterprise, the 'Streetwise Guide to the Lower East Side by Teenagers for Teenagers'. Analysis will focus on the contradictory nature of teenagers' 'Rules to the Neighbourhood' and consider the social and psychological repercussions for street literate young people, who have mastered the skills of survival. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article highlights the role of Italian-American Congressman Vito Marcantonio in ethnic politics of New York region, as of January 1, 1983. Marcantonio served seven terms in the U.S. House, entering both democratic and republic primaries but running mainly on American Labor Party ticket. He combined a personal, pragmatic style of "machine politics" with a progressive legislative program based on radical principles. Marcantonio was able virtually to ignore Italian majority in his congressional district, relying on the personal services provided by his organization to keep voters on his side and enabling him to search for new sources of political support in Puerto Rican population. Marcantanio's interest in Puerto Rican interests was wide-ranging. From 1936 onwards, he introduced five bills for the independence of Puerto Rico, each of which was defeated. Conventional accounts of Maracantio's career have tended towards two extremes, his dogged adherence to the Communist party line and his support of working class interests as an archetypal "people's politician."

This paper examines the classification of terrorism articles in two newspaper indexes, the New York Times Index and the London Times Index, and two periodical indexes, the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature and the British Humanities Index, from 1966 to 1985. The indexes are compared in several ways: by the year in which the category terrorism first appeared; by the changing nature and number of headings and related headings; by the changing number of articles under each heading; and by the different tactics, regions, targets, and other themes emphasized in these articles for each year The changing patterns in these quantitative and qualitative parameters over the 20-year period are analyzed in terms of regional differences (United States versus United Kingdom) and index differences (newspapers versus periodicals). The results are also compared with other research on media and terrorism that shows that images of terrorism in the media do not represent an accurate picture of the nature and extent of terrorism in the real world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a case study on the solutions utilized by the City College of New York library to gain control over requests for serials management information. Use of database software in the production of serials financial and collection management report; Serial subscriptions at the library; Design of the spreadsheet project; Gathering of data and creating the spreadsheet.

This paper describes the characteristics of accessory apartments (rented housing units within owner-occupied single family homes) and the circumstances which give rise to them. Survey data from a New York suburb indicate that these apartments provide inexpensive housing for entry level workers many of whom are related to the home owners. Analyses suggest that ‘empty nest’ households who anticipate a decline in income and live in a house whose structure facilitates a conversion are likely to create accessory apartments in their homes. Some implications of these findings for residential succession in suburban areas are explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The built forms of New York City and Boston differed dramatically in the second half of the nineteenth century. This paper focuses on the changing forms of their retail districts and evaluates the divergence in those patterns in relation to their socioeconomic context. Historical atlases and city directories identified the locations of department stores, which were used as indicators of the retail districts while primary and secondary historical sources related locational decisions to their economic position and the structure of their elite classes. New York's unstable elite classes continued to move their residences north on Manhattan Island throughout the latter half of the nineteenth century and were unable and unwilling to stop the northward expansion of the retail district. Boston's stable ruling class was able to control retail expansion through various political acts limiting development and through social barriers that limited displays of conspicuous consumption. The importance of the structure of elite classes in mediating the processes of land allocation suggests that findings of New York, as a city of competitive capitalism with a splintered elite, and Boston, as a city of controlled capitalism with a ruling elite, might provide a useful framework for understanding the specific contexts within other urban built forms.

Editorial. Comments on the 1922 convention of the National Association of Teachers of Speech in New York City. Aims of the association.