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Introduction: The paper "Moluscos de la Isla del Coco" (Mollusks of Cocos Island) published in the Revista del Colegio Superior de Señoritas (1935) is the translation to Spanish of one of the last works of Paul Biolley Matthey (1862-1908), Swiss naturalist that lived in Costa Rica. This article was one product of a malacological research carried out during a scientific expedition organized by the 'Instituto Físico- Geográfico Nacional de Costa Rica' (IFGN) in 1902 to Cocos Island, at a time when the country claimed its sovereignty both in this territory. Objective: To analyze the contributions of the article "Moluscos de la Isla del Coco" from the Social History of Science approach. Methods: Most of the researches that have applied this approach in Costa Rica analyze processes of institutionalization of scientific disciplines. The methodology used in these works was very useful for the analysis of the Biolley article, together with the information of historical data provided by other texts about Cocos Island and the development of scientific research in Costa Rica from a temporal perspective. In addition, tables were made to synthesize the classification of the species and genera studied by Biolley in Cocos Island to identify their provenance and the habitat in which they lived. Results: This study of Biolley constitutes a text of interest from the point of view of the Social History of Science, due to the descriptions it offers of the physical conditions of the territory of Cocos Island, of the different species of mollusks located in them and to the exchange of information with national and foreign scientists that show the participation of Biolley in scientific networks. Conclusions: The analysis of the information with the Social History of Science approach, concludes that the compilation of the flora and fauna permits a greater knowledge of the natural resources of the explored territories, in order to colonize them and integrate them into the economic dynamics of the Central Valley of Costa Rica. However, attempts colonize Cocos Island failed given the distance between this and the continent, in addition to the topographic conditions that prevent the permanent establishment of human populations and their productive activities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Correct use of Spanish when writing biological papers. We present a list of the most frequent errors in biological manuscripts written in Spanish, and we explain which are the recommended options. Our article is based on the International Codes of Nomenclature, and the guidelines of the Real Academia de la Lengua and the Council of Science Editors. We group the indications in four categories: lexical errors (e.g. English cognates); spelling (graphic accents, punctuation, font), morphology (use of prepositions) and style (linguistic economy). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the newspaper's coverage on the subject of renewable energy and renewable energy technologies and how that information has been exhibited in the Costa Rican case by the newspapers La Nacion and El Financiero between January 2006 and December 2011 (considered the period of emergence and establishment of the most important public discussions on the issue). It's presented a general analysis of the form of presentation of information and content through the representations analysis on the subject, taking as a starting point some works that have emerged in recent years in Latin America and the rest of the world, concerning to the communication of science and technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper is a theoretical reflection on the nature and importance of the processes of scientific communication within the academic world. The communication of science is a process used by researchers to present their findings; it may be aimed at specialized academic or public peers, or wider and heterogeneous public. Communicating science can be done directly, by who investigates or by mediation of professionals in journalism, who do reach the public to the knowledge generated in academic areas. Understanding the process of communicating gear science is crucial to create effective strategies for their development and visualization as a specific objective of the process of scientific research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to examine Leibniz' theory of knowledge in terms of its relationship to the aesthetic universe inaugurated by Baumgarten. Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten (1714-1762) is well known for having used the concept of Aesthetica as the name of a new and independent discipline focusing on a “special" type of knowledge (concerning with sensitivity), that is characteristic of art and artistic beauty. Baumgarten was trained in the Wolffian school, but he had to return to the works of Leibniz to find an epistemology that would serve as the basis for an approach to sensible knowledge science, that could become a philosophical knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The impact of the German thinker G.W Leibniz in the philosophical scene in Costa Rica is the subject of this paper. With this purpose we have analyzed the 125 issues of the Revista de Filosofía de la Universidad de Costa Rica so far published, where most of the local production devoted to the thought of the philosopher has appeared. We also include references to syllabi in the curriculum of the School of Philosophy and the Graduate Program in Philosophy in the University of Costa Rica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper discusses the relationship between science, technology and women. Thus, it resorts to the history of science and gender as a theorethical instrument because it provides a new way to interrogate reality, visualizing new analytical categories in order to explain aspects of reality that had not been taken into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

in this paper we analize a third period in Russell's ethics, from 1940 to 1970. Representative of this phase is his Human Society in Ethics and Politics (1954). In his Autobiography Russell does not seem to be aware of the existence of this third phase, a fact that makes more valuable this investigation. In his 1954 book Russell tries to find a middle ground between reason and passion, subjectivity and objectivity in ethics, as well as between science and ethics. This period can also be characterized as a transition from ethical realism (19001914) to emotivism (1915-1940). We contend that Russell's answer to the problem of the relations between reason and passion are not entirely satisfactory. In addition, doubts and contradictions can be found in his writings of this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The object of this paper is to analyse the status of opinion (doxa) within Aristotle's theory of scientific knowledge, taking as a starting-point the text of APo. I 33. In the course of the discussion, we show that science (episteme) and opinion can have the same object and even coincide in the selection of the same properties of the same object (both necessary and contingent), because the fundamental difference between science and opinion is not one of object. The fundamental difference between science and opinion is that science knows as a necessary truth what opinion states as a contingent fact. Incidentally, this conclusion implies that Aristotle subscribes the distinction between sentence and proposition (which is normally regarded as a discovery of the Stoics), since we can only make sense of Aristotle's theory by recognising that, for such a theory, science and opinion express different propositions even when they pronounce the same sentence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presentamos una lista de los errores más comunes en los manuscritos biológicos redactados en lengua española, explicando cuáles son las palabras recomendadas. Nos basamos en las recomendaciones de la Real Academia Española y los Códigos Internacionales de Nomenclatura, así como en las normas del Consejo de Editores Científicos. Agrupamos las correcciones y recomendaciones en cuatro categorías: léxico (e.g. anglicismos), ortografía (acentuación gráfica, puntuación, mayúsculas), morfología (régimen preposicional) y estilo (economía lingüística).Correct use of Spanish when writing biological papers. We present a list of the most frequent errors in biological manuscripts written in Spanish, and we explain which are the recommended options. Our article is based on the International Codes of Nomenclature, and the guidelines of the Real Academia de la Lengua and the Council of Science Editors. We group the indications in four categories: lexical errors (e.g. English cognates); spelling (graphic accents, punctuation, font), morphology (use of prepositions) and style (linguistic economy). Rev. Biol. Trop. 56 (4): 1589-1593. Epub 2008 December 12.