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This article focuses on Henry Fielding, first as a playwright and later as a political journalist, novelist, and magistrate. His biographers, however, have been disheartened by the surprising paucity of significant contemporary references to him, by the meagerness of the documentary record. He lived boisterously and extravagantly, had a wide circle of friends, and enjoyed a reputation as a brilliant conversationalist. Within the last few years, however, an extraordinarily rich archive, the Malmesbury Papers, containing the correspondence of Fielding's best friend James Harris and his extensive circle, has been made fully available to the public. Some of these documents, notably almost all of Harris's correspondence with Henry and with his sister Sarah Fielding, have already been published.

The article presents information on literature related to Caesars. It is stated that the descendants of the Caesars ended with Nero. In his "Tacitus" Ronald Syme stated that the last six biographies of Suetonius' Caesars which are thought to form the final two of eight books, were not a part of the author's original design. In two later papers, Syme modified his theory, with no less reservation or characteristic brevity. In both theories, he stated that what now stands as the beginning of Galba may have originally been at the end of the account of Nero.

The article profiles the career of Jane B. Robbins as a librarian and her contributions to library science. Robbins was born at Chicago, Illinois to Pearl Irene and Reuben A. Borsch. In 1960, she decided to become a librarian through the encouragement of Jean Lowrie, director of the School of Librarianship at Western Michigan University. Robbins started her career at the Central Intelligence Agency. In 1994, she became dean of the School of Library and Information Studies at Florida State University.

Presents information on the book "Celebrating the Life and Times of Hugh Miller: Scotland in the Early Nineteenth Century," edited by Lester Borley.

Darwin's emotional life has been a preoccupation of biographers and popularizers, while his research on emotional expression has been of keen interest to anthropologists and psychologists. Much can be gained, however, by looking at Darwin's emotions from both sides, by examining the relationship between his emotional experience and his scientific study of emotion. Darwin developed various techniques for distancing himself from his objects of study and for extracting emotional "objects" from feeling subjects. In order to investigate emotions scientifically, his own emotional life, his feelings for others, had to give way--or did it? This question has implications well beyond the life of Darwin, moral implications about the effects of scientific discipline on those who practice it and on the animals and people subjected to it. This dual approach to Darwin's emotions also allows us to address a conundrum of recent histories of "objectivity"--namely, the status of the scientific self as a feeling subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the link between historians and photography. For abolitionist Frederick Douglass, photographs are the only reliable medium that could capture the true pictures necessary to challenge effectively the subversion of somatic racial signs. Yet the importance Douglass ascribed to the photographic portrait has been ignored by his biographers, not to mention by historians of abolitionism in general. The visual gap in historiography is not an isolated instance.

The article presents a biography of American pop artist, James Rosenquist, who is known for his works as F-111, President-Elect, and I Love You with My Ford. Rosenquist was born in 1933 and attended art classes at the University of Minnesota. At age 72, he remains a fountainhead of new visions and ideas. An interview with Rosenquist, in which he freely offered his opinions about collectors, curators, artists, politics,and the art market, is presented.

The biographical study of scientists, though familiar, has mostly seemed anodyne rather than profound as a tool of history of science. But it bears closely on the public role of the scientist, associated nowadays with the detachment of objectivity and with a sense of the scientific life as a fracturing of "the science" from other aspects of a career. Although this division is indeed characteristic of the modern scientific identity, historians should not take it as natural or inevitable. The life of the statistician Karl Pearson, who endeavored to live out a Bildungsroman, demonstrates the survival into the twentieth century of alternative ideals and, with them, of ambitions for science going far beyond the professionalization of a technical field. Pearson's career offers a model for historicizing the relationship of science to public reason. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Taking off from reflections about the relation of biographical writing to fiction, this essay considers the ways in which scientific biography can explore the cultural dynamics of science. The author examines her own experience in using biography to write history of science and refers to several other examples of biographies of eighteenth-century figures that raise issues specific to the persona of the man of science and his audiences in this period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article focuses on the life and works of playwright Christopher Marlowe. The reception of Marlowe has often been marred by a vicious hermeneutic circle within which the play's protagonists are read into Marlowe's biography and the mythographic creature thus constructed informs the criticism of his plays. Marlowe was an atheist, and people who think differently and subversively matter. Marlowe was a homosexual, and sexual difference matters. The configuration of events and personalities that ingenious biographers have managed to relate in one way or another to Marlowe's end have produced rather too many conspiracy theories.

Examines the common source for Jerome, Eutropius, Festus, Ammianus, and the Epitome de Caesaribus between 358 and 378. Thoughts on the date and nature of the "Kaisergeschichte," a now-lost epitome of imperial biographies starting with Augustus that enjoyed a remarkable popularity in the second half of the fourth century, being used by every Latin historian to survive from that period; Most difficult remaining problem is Jerome’s source for secular events after his most important source.

In May 1933 the historian of chemistry. Hélène Metzger addressed a letter to the renowned historian and philosopher of science Emile Meyerson, a cri de coeur against Meyerson's patronizing attitude toward her. This recently discovered letter is published and translated here because it is an exceptional human document reflecting the gender power structure of our discipline in interwar France. At the age of forty-three, and with five books to her credit, Metzger was still a junior scholar in the exclusively male community of French historians and philosophers of science. We sketch the institutional setting of higher learning in France at the time, noting the limited openings it offered to would-be femmes savantes, and situate Metzger in this context. We also describe the philosophical differences between Metzger and Meyerson. Though Metzger never managed to obtain a post of her own, in her letter to Meyerson she forcefully lays claim, at least, to a mind of her own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article illustrates the danger of incorporating religious certitudes and political activities with the study of the prehistoric past as based on the works of Oswald Menghin. Menghin's reconstruction of the past was motivated by a moral crusade against evolutionism. His theories were once adopted and developed by scholars of the Vienna culture-historical school of ethnography. His works were rarely treated in Anglo-American archaeological publications, nor is he provided with an ample biographical sketch.

The article reports on the discussion of topics related to gathering of biographical information on artists held by the Art Libraries Society of North America. The discussion began with citing the problems of gathering information on regional and Native American artists. The importance of the vertical files as a tool is also addressed. The panelists also tackled research methodology, tools and information management.

The article presents a reprint of the article "The Literature of Art," by E. H. Gombrich, which appeared in the book "Atlantisbuch der Kunst: eine Enzyklopädie der bildenden Künste." Humanist and architect Leon Battista Alberti considers a new painting as a science. The tradition of biography of artists in Florence, Italy evolved. The difference between writings on art addressed to contemporary issues and scholarly literature must be recognized.

The article presents the author's views on the book "The Road to Botany Bay," by Paul Carter. Carter's biography of early Australian explorers recaptured the strangeness inherent in the act of discovery. The author states that for all of Carter's close attention to the internal terrain of his subjects' wanderings, his book is often distant from the material world itself. He evokes the explorers' bewilderment when facing the monotonous horizontality of treeless plains or rivers that vanished into desert sands. The author further informs that Carter wisely concludes that aboriginal history cannot be treated as a subset of white history. But Carter then denies that Aborigines might have their own history since contact. Any attempt whatsoever to recapture the aboriginal past would be a symbolic history standing in a metaphorical relationship to the history the Aborigines tell themselves. Toward the end of the book, Carter turns to Australia's first peoples, the Aborigines. Europeans did not recognize the Aborigines as literate because they had no recognizable written language, an absence that allowed Europeans to impose their own names on the land, often with native collusion.