Search

Nonfullerene electron acceptors (NFAs) improve the photoelectrical conversion efficiency of organic solar cells (OSCs), but they suffer from high synthetic cost and time‐consuming thermal annealing treatment. Nevertheless, low‐cost NFAs and simple device fabrication are still crucial issues to boosting the commercial application of OSCs. Herein, one kind of low‐cost pentacyclic NFAs based on benzothiadiazole and thiophene derivatives named L1‐EH and L1‐BO with different substitutions is successfully synthesized and characterized. The optimized OSCs based on PM6:L1‐BO (2‐butyloctyl side chain) display an outstanding power conversion efficiency of 13.15%. Moreover, OSC devices based on these acceptors operate in thermal annealing‐free conditions. Further studies manifest that the proper side chains in NFAs can induce more favorable face‐on molecule orientation, enhance carrier mobility, balance charge transport, and reduce recombination losses. This research demonstrates that these types of low‐cost NFAs are promising active layer candidates of high‐efficiency organic solar cells featuring simple device manufacture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The effect of iron‐containing substances with different forms on the properties of carbon‐black filled natural rubber compound is discussed. The ionic iron substances (FeCl2, FeCl3, Fe(SA)3) have a detrimental effect on the rubber. Based on the oxidation induction temperature values, the relative deteriorating effects of ionic iron substances on the rubber are in the order: Fe(SA)3 > FeCl3 ≈ FeCl2. Not only are the metal ions (Fe2+, Fe3+) with adjacent stable oxidation states catalytically active in degrading rubber, but also the counterions have an influence on the effect of oxidation, particularly the stearic anion. Ionic iron materials can decrease the molecular weight, especially for the case of Fe(SA)3 as measured by gel permeation chromatography. Due to the degrading effect on the rubber molecules, Fe(SA)3 brings about a torque decrease in moving die rheometer and evident decrease of the Mooney viscosity at 100°C, which is different from the effects of Fe2O3 and 304L‐Fe. The insoluble iron substances behave more like hard fillers. Additionally, Fe(SA)3 remarkably alters the bound rubber content and the tensile properties after aging via two different process (scission and crosslinking). Overall, this work has a thorough comparison of effect of iron‐containing materials on rubber aging and provides useful inspiration to protect the rubber from deterioration by foreign reagents and regulating the rubber stability and degradation rate via introducing degradative metal ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite drug delivery nanoplatforms receiving extensive attention, development of a simple, effective, and multifunctional theranostics nanoplatform still remains a challenge. Herein, a versatile nanoplatform based on a zirconium framework (UiO‐66‐N3) was synthesized, which demonstrated a combined photodynamic therapy (PDT), photothermal therapy (PTT), and chemotherapy (CT) for cancer treatment. A RuII polypyridyl alkyne complex (Ra) as a photosensitizer was modified into a nanoplatform by click reactions for the first time. When exposed to suitable light irradiation, the as‐prepared multifunctional nanoplatform (UiO‐Ra‐DOX‐CuS) not only demonstrated efficient 1O2 generation, but also exhibited excellent photothermal conversion ability. In particular, the nanotherapeutic agent presented a dual‐stimuli response; either acidic environment or NIR laser irradiation would trigger the drug release. The synergetic efficacy of UiO‐Ra‐DOX‐CuS combined PDT, PTT, and CT, which was evaluated by cell experiments. Moreover, the design could promote the development of RuII polypyridyl alkyne complexes based multifunctional nanoparticles and multimodal cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report a new, simple strategy to apply honeycomb films for the patterning of colloidal particles. By combination of a 'bottom-up' breath figure method and the electrochemical properties of the honeycomb films of ferrocenyl-based oligomers, highly ordered hybrid membranes coated with ring-like patterning of 0D- and 1D-Ag nanoparticles (NPs) have been fabricated. One interesting phenomenon is that the nucleation and adsorption of Ag dots occurred preferentially at the edges of the micropores. The hybrid membranes exhibited richly electrochemical activities towards reduction of iodate and enhanced effectively catalytic reduction of organic dyes. We believe that this method can be used to decorate and/or assemble functional metal NPs such as Au, Pd, and Cu on honeycomb-patterned materials for the further applications of photonics, sensors, and catalysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]