36 results
Search Results
2. Co-Planning of Regional Wind Resources-based Ammonia Industry and the Electric Network: A Case Study of Inner Mongolia.
- Author
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Li, Jiarong, Lin, Jin, Heuser, Philipp, Heinrichs, Heidi, Xiao, Jinyu, Liu, Feng, Robinius, Martin, Song, Yonghua, and Stolten, Detlef
- Subjects
ELECTRIC networks ,WIND power ,ELECTRIC industries ,SPATIAL systems ,AMMONIA ,SUPPLY chains - Abstract
Converting wind energy into ammonia (WtA) has been recognized as a promising pathway to produce “green” ammonia compared with traditional coal-based technologies. As the key part of WtA, Power-to-Ammonia (PtA) has great potential to facilitate the usage of wind generation. This paper proposes a co-planning approach for regional wind resources-based ammonia industry and the electric network (EN). To this end, PtA is first modeled as a flexible power load of power systems with spatial and temporal constraints on hydrogen supply chains (HSC). Then a novel co-planning model of WtA and EN is established to optimize the WtA configuration and the EN expansion. An alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) based algorithm is introduced to effectively solve this model. Real data of Inner Mongolia Province in China is adopted to verify the effectiveness and significance of the proposed approach. It is shown that the siting and operation flexibility of PtA with HSC can reduce the expansion burden of EN. The co-planning of WtA and EN can significantly enhance wind power utilization and reduce total investment costs. Furthermore, feasibility analysis on WtA in comparison with coal-to-ammonia (CtA) and ultra-high voltage transmission (UHV) provides helpful guidelines for the realization of WtA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Healing Practices Regenerate Local Knowledge: The Revival of Mongolian Shamanism in China's Inner Mongolia.
- Author
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Saijirahu Buyanchugla
- Subjects
RELIGIOUS identity ,LOCAL knowledge ,SHAMANISM ,HEALING ,WOUND healing ,MONGOLS - Abstract
Shamanistic healing practices, including divination, have coexisted with other religious and medical practices in modern Inner Mongolia and China for many years. However, scholarly research has yet to investigate the effectiveness of shamanic healing and its physical and psychological benefits. This paper discusses the practice of shamanic activities, including healing rituals, on the boundaries between the spiritual communities and the masses in Eastern Inner Mongolia, and how the contrasts between the perspectives of healers or practitioners and the lay people's more fluid understanding of the practices impact health, illness, and ethnic/cultural identity. Why is it that shamanistic healing is not included in any of the official healing systems, despite its importance as a health resource and as a factor in identity formation in Inner Mongolia. This study will show that shamanistic healing is not included in the official healing systems due to several historical forces and geopolitical events, such as the invasion of exotic cultures and China's ban on religious activities during and after the 1940s, when land reform, socialist transformation policies, and the Cultural Revolution took hold in Inner Mongolia. In addition, the official recognition of Mongolian medicine as a national medicine in the 1960s left no room for other local healing practices, including shamanistic healing. I argue that the revitalization of shamanism during the decades since China has reformed and opened up is due, in part, to the suffering of both individuals and communities from cultural tensions, ecocosmological crises, and lost traditions and the effectiveness of these practices in healing these wounds. Healing practices or rituals have continued to exist in this modernizing socialist state because of their effectiveness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
4. Spatial-Temporal Heterogeneity and Decoupling Mechanism of Resource Curse, Environmental Regulation and Resource Industry Transformation in Post-Development Areas: Evidence from Inner Mongolia, China.
- Author
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Liu, Mingkai, Zhang, Hongyan, Liu, Changxin, and Gong, Xiaoju
- Subjects
RESOURCE curse ,ENVIRONMENTAL regulations ,INDUSTRIAL laws & legislation ,RESOURCE exploitation ,ECOLOGICAL modernization ,INNER cities ,CORPORATE turnaround management ,ENVIRONMENTAL responsibility - Abstract
Resource curse and environmental regulation are the key bottlenecks that hinder the sustainable development of the resource industry. A reasonable assessment of the decoupling relationship between resource supply, environment regulation and resource industry transformation is helpful to promote the decision-making of industrial restructuring in post-development regions. Taking Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China as the research object, panel data related to resources, environment and industry from 2010 to 2021 are selected to evaluate the spatial and temporal evolution of regional resource supply security, environmental regulatory pressure and resource industry transformation efficiency, measure the decoupling index among the factors, and use geographic detector technology to identify the constraints affecting factor decoupling. The results show the following: (1) the resource curse effect of Inner Mongolia is not significant, and some resource industries have prominent advantages; (2) the security of resource supply and the transformation efficiency of the resource industry show overall upward trend, the pressure of environmental regulation is basically balanced, and the development level of factors in resource-endowed regions and central cities is relatively high; (3) the spatial and temporal evolution of the decoupling relationship between resource supply, environmental regulation and resource industry transformation is uncertain, and the resilience of regional economic and social governance is poor; (4) resource endowment and resource industry advantages are the key that restricts the decoupling of factors, and the cumulative effect of ecological governance is likely to lead to the randomness of the decoupling of environmental regulation and resource industry transformation. In addition, this study suggests that the post-development areas should pay attention to the classification of resource industry relief, trans-regional economic and social collaborative governance and special resources exploitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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5. Impacts of Livestock Production on Grassland Grasshopper Disasters.
- Author
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Liu, Sibo, Chen, Meimei, Li, Ping, Baoyin, Taogetao, Hou, Xiangyang, and Yin, Guomei
- Subjects
LIVESTOCK productivity ,GRASSLANDS ,GRASSHOPPERS ,ANIMAL culture ,OVERGRAZING ,DISASTERS ,LOCUSTS - Abstract
Grasshopper disasters threaten grassland animal husbandry, and overgrazing is widely recognized as one of the main causes of locust infestation in grassland regions. However, the impact of overgrazing on grasshopper disasters remains unclear. To address this knowledge gap, this study interviewed 541 households living in locust-prone areas in Inner Mongolia, China. The generalized Poisson model and OLS regression examined the relationship between herders' production behavior and locust disasters. The results showed that 42% of the herders had suffered from locusts more than three times over the past 15 years, with an average of 49 ha of grassland damaged per household. In addition, with the increase in grazing rates, the scale of locust disasters decreased before it increased. The results also showed that operating grassland areas and feeding forage reduced locust disasters significantly, while renting grassland areas and grazing rates worked oppositely. These results suggest that grazing intensity can make a significant difference in the occurrence of locust disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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6. A Novel Method of Modeling Grassland Wildfire Dynamics Based on Cellular Automata: A Case Study in Inner Mongolia, China.
- Author
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Li, Yan, Wu, Guozhou, Zhang, Shuai, Li, Manchun, Nie, Beidou, and Chen, Zhenjie
- Subjects
CELLULAR automata ,FIREFIGHTING ,WILDFIRES ,GRASSLANDS ,HEAT sinks ,WILDFIRE prevention ,FIRE fighters - Abstract
Wildfires spread rapidly and cause considerable ecological and socioeconomic losses. Inner Mongolia is among the regions in China that suffer the most from wildfires. A simple, effective model that uses fewer parameters to simulate wildfire spread is crucial for rapid decision-making. This study presents a region-specific technological process that requires a few meteorological parameters and limited grassland vegetation data to predict fire spreading dynamics in Inner Mongolia, based on cellular automata that emphasize the numeric evaluation of both heat sinks and sources. The proposed method considers a case that occurred in 2021 near the East Ujimqin Banner border between China and Mongolia. Three hypothetical grassland wildfires were developed using GIS technology to test and demonstrate the proposed model. The simulation results suggest that the model agrees well with real-world experience and can facilitate real-time decision-making to enhance the effectiveness of firefighting, fire control, and simulation-based training for firefighters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. An improved method of using two-dimensional model to evaluate the carrying capacity of regional water resource in Inner Mongolia of China.
- Author
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Hu, Mengqi, Li, Changjia, Zhou, Wenxin, Hu, Rina, and Lu, Tong
- Subjects
- *
WATER supply , *TWO-dimensional models , *WATER use , *WATER analysis , *SUSTAINABLE development - Abstract
The evaluation of regional water resource carrying capacity has been repeatedly conducted to provide a scientific basis for the local water resource management and the sustainable development, in particular in the water-limited regions. However, the definition of regional water resource carrying capacity and its evaluation method are still arguable. Through a case study of Inner Mongolia, located in the arid and semi-arid northern China, this paper developed an improved method to calculate regional water resource carrying capacity by the combination of the water supply-demand analysis and the S-shaped curve threshold analysis. The spatial and temporal patterns of the regional water resource carrying capacity in Inner Mongolia during 2000–2019 was evaluated at three scales, namely the province scale, the basin scale and the city scale. The results showed that the average regional water resource carrying capacity of the whole province was 0.25 (the full mark is 1.00); at the basin scale, the Yellow River Basin had the lowest regional water resource carrying capacity (0.17) among all the basins, showing that the utilization of the water resources was unreasonable; at the city scale, the average regional water resource carrying capacities in Hulunbuir and Xilingol were both over 0.25, while those in Alxa, BayanNur and Wuhai were below 0.1; Hulunbuir had 25.48 billion m3 water surplus, while BayanNur suffered from an average water deficit of 4.51 billion m3 from 2000 to 2019. This paper has provided a reasonable way to measure the regional water resource carrying capacity using an improved method by incorporating S-shaped curve threshold analysis, which may have a wider application for the clustering and optimization of regional water management. In addition, the spatial and temporal patterns of regional water carrying capacity are beneficial for policymakers in the implementation of the effective water usage. • Regional water resource carrying capacity is evaluated by water supply-demand analysis and temporal threshold analysis. • The evaluation method is improved by considering temporal threshold at different regional scales. • "S"-shaped logistic curves are used to simulate the temporal pattern of water resource carrying capacity. • Spatial and temporal water resource carrying capacity analysis benefits policymakers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
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8. Why does rangeland integration by transfer fail to overcome the tragedy of anticommons?
- Author
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Chasu, Lianhua, Li, WenJun, and Mu, Yu
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RANGELANDS ,LIVESTOCK productivity ,GRAZING - Abstract
In China, rangeland fragmentation leads to the problems of anticommons, in terms of livestock production and ecological conditions. As the countermeasure, rangeland use right transfer has been encouraged by the governments recently, which aims to integrate the fragmented rangelands by lease. Can transfer overcome the problems of anticommons? We addressed this question through a case study in Inner Mongolia, by comparing livelihoods and ecological conditions between the households with lease-in pastures and those without practicing transfer. We found that though transfer could make the livelihoods of lease-in households with larger rangeland better-off in weather good years, but worse-off in drought years; and the over grazing was intensified on the transferred pastures. We concluded that the transfer may not be able to fundamentally overcome the problems of anticommons. We argued that spatial anticommons and right anticommons are interrelated to each other, rather than two juxtaposed types as defined by anticommons scholars. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Comparative Verification of Leaf Area Index Products for Different Grassland Types in Inner Mongolia, China.
- Author
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Shen, Beibei, Guo, Jingpeng, Li, Zhenwang, Chen, Jiquan, Fang, Wei, Kussainova, Maira, Amarjargal, Amartuvshin, Pulatov, Alim, Yan, Ruirui, Anenkhonov, Oleg A., Zhou, Wenneng, and Xin, Xiaoping
- Subjects
LEAF area index ,GRASSLANDS ,CARBON cycle ,CLIMATE change ,VEGETATION dynamics ,ACT Assessment - Abstract
Leaf area index (LAI) is a key indicator of vegetation structure and function, and its products have a wide range of applications in vegetation condition assessment and usually act as important input parameters for ecosystem modeling. Grassland plays an important role in regional climate change and the global carbon cycle and numerous studies have focused on the product-based analysis of grassland vegetation changes. However, the performance of various LAI products and their discrepancies across different grassland types in drylands remain unclear. Therefore, it is critical to assess these products prior to application. We evaluated the accuracy of four commonly used LAI products (GEOV2, GLASS, GLOBMAP, and MODIS) using LAI reference maps based on both bridging and cross-validation approaches. Under different grassland types, the GLASS LAI performed better in meadow steppe (R
2 = 0.26, RMSE = 0.41 m2 /m2 ) and typical steppe (R2 = 0.32, RMSE = 0.38 m2 /m2 ); the GEOV2 LAI performed better in desert steppe (R2 = 0.39, RMSE = 0.30 m2 /m2 ). When we assessed their spatial and temporal discrepancies during the period from 2010 to 2019, the four LAI products overall showed a high spatial and temporal consistency across the region. Compared with GLASS LAI, the most consistent to least consistent correlations can be ordered by GEOV2 LAI (R2 = 0.94), MODIS LAI (R2 = 0.92), and GLOBMAP LAI (R2 = 0.87). The largest differences in LAI throughout the year occurred in July for all grassland types. Limited by the location and number of sample plots, we mainly focused on spatial and temporal variations. The spatial heterogeneity of land surface is pervasive, especially in vast grassland areas with rich grassland types, and the results of this study can provide a basis for the application of the product in different grassland types. Furthermore, it is essential to develop highly accurate and reliable satellite-based LAI products focused on grassland from the regional to the global scale according to these popular approaches, which is the next step in our work plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2023
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10. How Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) Trends from Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and Système Probatoire d'Observation de la Terre VEGETATION (SPOT VGT) Time Series Differ in Agricultural Areas: An Inner Mongolian Case Study
- Author
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He Yin, Udelhoven, Thomas, Fensholt, Rasmus, Pflugmacher, Dirk, and Hostert, Patrick
- Subjects
NORMALIZED difference vegetation index ,REMOTE sensing ,VEGETATION monitoring - Abstract
Detailed information from global remote sensing has greatly advanced our understanding of Earth as a system in general and of agricultural processes in particular. Vegetation monitoring with global remote sensing systems over long time periods is critical to gain a better understanding of processes related to agricultural change over long time periods. This specifically relates to sub-humid to semi-arid ecosystems, where agricultural change in grazing lands can only be detected based on long time series. By integrating data from different sensors it is theoretically possible to construct NDVI time series back to the early 1980s. However, such integration is hampered by uncertainties in the comparability between different sensor products. To be able to rely on vegetation trends derived from integrated time series it is therefore crucial to investigate whether vegetation trends derived from NDVI and phenological parameters are consistent across products. In this paper we analyzed several indicators of vegetation change for a range of agricultural systems in Inner Mongolia, China, and compared the results across different satellite archives. Specifically, we compared two of the prime NDVI archives-AVHRR Global Inventory Modeling and Mapping Studies (GIMMS) and SPOT Vegetation (VGT) NDVI. Because a true accuracy assessment of long time series is not possible, we further compared SPOT VGT NDVI with NDVI from MODIS Terra as a benchmark. We found high similarities in interannual trends, and also in trends of the seasonal amplitude and integral between SPOT VGT and MODIS Terra (r > 0.9). However, we observed considerable disagreements in NDVI-derived trends between AVHRR GIMMS and SPOT VGT. We detected similar discrepancies for trends based on phenological parameters, such as amplitude and integral of NDVI curves corresponding to seasonal vegetation cycles. Inconsistencies were partially related to land cover and vegetation density. Different pre-processing schemes and the coarser spatial resolution of AVHRR GIMMS introduced further uncertainties. Our results corroborate findings from other studies that vegetation trends derived from AVHRR GIMMS data not always reflect true vegetation changes. A more thorough understanding of the factors introducing uncertainties in AVHRR GIMMS time series is needed, and we caution against using AVHRR GIMMS data in regional studies without applying regional sensitivity analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
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11. Environmental resettlement and social dis/re-articulation in Inner Mongolia, China.
- Author
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Rogers, Sarah and Wang, Mark
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LAND settlement ,ADAPTABILITY (Personality) ,ANOMY ,PSYCHOLOGICAL adaptation ,LAND settlement patterns ,HUMAN geography ,COMMUNITIES - Abstract
The expanding use of resettlement as a tool for addressing environmental and poverty-related concerns in China calls for further research into its impacts on local populations. Our knowledge of the effects of such resettlement is very limited, particularly in relation to its social impacts. This paper examines the impoverishment risk of social disarticulation as it is experienced by resettlers in an Inner Mongolian environmental resettlement village—Wan Sheng village. We argue that social disarticulation as a risk of resettlement is by no means an inevitable downward spiral towards social oblivion and anomie. Resettlers, in this case at least, have recreated a living, functioning community that provides many aspects of support for its inhabitants. This is in spite of unfavourable construction and increased economic deprivation. It is the adaptive abilities of these resettlers that come to the fore in Wan Sheng, suggesting aspects of rearticulation and cohesion, and not simply disarticulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
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12. Agricultural performance on marginal land in Eastern Inner Mongolia, China — Development in the pre- and post-1978 reform periods.
- Author
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Brogaard, Sara and Li, Xiubin
- Subjects
AGRICULTURAL policy ,RURAL land use ,AGRICULTURAL development ,LAND economics ,ECONOMIC development ,AGRICULTURAL economics ,ECONOMIC indicators - Abstract
Rapid economic development in the aftermath of the Chinese post-1978 reforms has resulted in a shrinking of grain grown area in the southern and eastern regions of the country which in turn is believed to have put the marginal northern regions under increased pressure. This paper examines key indicators of agricultural performance as well as cultivated land area development of the pre- and post-1978 reform periods focusing on the agro-pastoral Tongliao City Prefecture, eastern Inner Mongolia. The results are related to the village level development through a case study as well as to the provincial level. Average annual grain per capita production increased from about 400 kg in the late 1970s to more then 1000 kg in the late 1990s. This was achieved through a combination of intensification and reclamation of cropland, with the latter restricted to pastoral classified counties. Production variability, in particular for the low producing counties, has also increased possibly as an effect of the substitution of traditional mixed pattern of crops with HYV monocultures. Average living standards have improved but have been accompanied by widening income gaps. Poor farmers' livelihoods continue to be insecure, particularly during dry years. Concern is raised regarding the sustainability of the rapid agricultural development; an increased use of costly fertilisers constrains poorer farmer's economy and may lead to deteriorating water quality while increasing irrigation depletes water resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2005
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13. A New Gnetalean Macrofossil from the Mid-Jurassic Daohugou Formation.
- Author
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Yang, Yong, Yang, Zhi, Lin, Longbiao, Wang, Yingwei, and Ferguson, David Kay
- Subjects
FEMALE reproductive organs ,MESOZOIC Era - Abstract
Macrofossil evidence has demonstrated a first radiation of gnetophytes in the Early Cretaceous. However, the origin of the diversity of gnetophytes remains ambiguous because gnetalean macrofossils have rarely been reported from pre-Cretaceous strata. Here, we report a new putative gnetalean macrofossil reproductive shoot which possesses opposite phyllotaxy, long linear leaves more or less decurrent and having a prominent midvein and pedicled ovoid-ellipsoid and longitudinally striated chlamydosperms. Our new fossil is different from other known gnetalean macrofossils in the linear-lanceolate leaves with a midvein and pedicled chlamydosperms. As a result, we describe this new macrofossil reproductive shoot as new to science, i.e., Daohugoucladus sinensis gen. et sp. nov. Our new macrofossil displays additional morphological characters distinct from other known Mesozoic and modern gnetalean species and provides additional evidence of the origin and early evolution of female reproductive organs of gnetophytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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14. Ruppia mongolica (Ruppiaceae), a new species from Inner Mongolia (China), based on morphological and genetic data.
- Author
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Zou, Yang, Wang, Xiaofan, Xu, Xinwei, and Yu, Dan
- Subjects
CHLOROPLAST DNA ,SEED size ,KARYOTYPES ,SPECIES ,CARPEL - Abstract
Ruppia mongolica Y. Zou & X.W. Xu, a new species from Inner Mongolia, China, is described and illustrated. The phylogenetic position of the new species within the genus was analyzed based on eight chloroplast DNA fragments and an ingroup sampling of all Eurasian species of Ruppia. The results showed that R. mongolica formed a separate branch between R. sinensis and the clade of R. maritima, R. brevipedunculata, R. drepanensis, and R. cirrhosa. Based on molecular and geographical evidence, our study reveals that R. mongolica is closely related to R. sinensis and R. brevipedunculata but differs from the former in the length and shape of the peduncle and seed size, and from the latter in the length of the peduncle, number of carpels per flower, and seed size. In addition, the karyotype analysis revealed that R. mongolica is octoploid, which is first reported within Ruppia, further supporting R. mongolica as a new species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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15. Vitamin D status among residents of Molidawa Daur Autonomous Banner, Inner Mongolia, North China.
- Author
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Jingwen Hu, Yunmei Liang, Guiping Wen, Dezhong Chen, Yuanjing Liu, Hongmei Zhang, and Xiaosong Qin
- Subjects
VITAMIN D ,BANNERS ,VITAMIN D deficiency - Abstract
Objectives: To retrospectively analyze the vitamin D (VD) status of residents in northeastern Inner Mongolia and its relationship with the average monthly sunshine hours. Methods: Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[s-25(OH)D] samples from 4982 outpatients (2092 males) in Moli Dawa Daur Autonomous Banner People's Hospital, Hulunbuir, China from July 2018 to January 2022 were included in this study. Results: The overall median s-25(OH)D was 53.3 nmol/L, VD deficiency (<30 nmol/L), deficiency (30-50 nmol/L), sufficient (>50-250 nmol/L) and excess (>250 nmol/L) were 16% (796/4982), 30% (1495/4982), 53.4% (2658/4982) and 0.7% (33/4982). There were statistically significant differences in median s-25(OH)D by month, age- groups and gender (p<0.001). Low VD status (LVDS, including VD deficiency and insufficiency) in females was 54.6% and males was 33.9%, and the LVDS composition differed significantly by age-group and month (p<0.05). The changing trend of the median s-25(OH)D level was similar to the monthly average sunshine hours, with a slight lag. Conclusion: Nearly half of residents live in LVDS. LVDS is affected by month, gender, and age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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16. The performance and analysis of office building energy consumption in the west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, China.
- Author
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Lu, Shilei, Zheng, Shaoqun, and Kong, Xiangfei
- Subjects
- *
ENERGY consumption , *POWER resources , *OFFICE buildings , *ANALYSIS of variance - Abstract
The large public building energy consumption (BEC) is the focus of Building Energy Saving, therefore, it is necessary to study the characteristics of BEC to find out the important factors affecting BEC. For this purpose, 27 office buildings in the west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region were studied, based on statistical analysis of the researched basic information and energy consumption bill of these buildings. This paper focused on the determination of the significant factors affecting the total and subentry energy consumption intensity (ECI) of office building, as well as the establishment of standardized linear regression models between these selected factors and total and subentry ECI. Firstly, eleven continuous variables, three independent categorical variables, and the climate factor were selected and analyzed the impact on total and subentry ECI by statistical software SPSS20.0, in order to find out the significant influencing factors. Then based on the results of curve fitting, standardized models of total and subentry ECI and their respective significant impact factors were established using multiple linear regression analysis. The regression results showed that the electricity use percentage of the total equivalent electricity consumption was an important factor affecting the total ECI of office building in the west of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. Finally, univariate analysis of variance (ANOVA) was conducted between the three independent categorical variables and the total and subentry ECI, and the results showed that these factors had no significant effect on the ECI of office building. Process of the regressive model establishment and the results of analysis of variance could both guide us to propose more targeted energy saving measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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17. Evaluation of Terrestrial Water Storage Changes and Major Driving Factors Analysis in Inner Mongolia, China.
- Author
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Guo, Yi, Gan, Fuping, Yan, Baikun, Bai, Juan, Xing, Naichen, and Zhuo, Yue
- Subjects
FACTOR analysis ,WATER supply ,WATER storage ,COAL mining ,IRRIGATION ,CLIMATE change - Abstract
Quantitative assessment of the terrestrial water storage (TWS) changes and the major driving factors have been hindered by the lack of direct observations in Inner Mongolia, China. In this study, the spatial and temporal changes of TWS and groundwater storage (GWS) in Inner Mongolia during 2003–2021 were evaluated using the satellite gravity data from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) and the GRACE Follow On combined with data from land surface models. The results indicated that Inner Mongolia has experienced a widespread TWS loss of approximately 1.82 mm/yr from 2003–2021, with a more severe depletion rate of 4.15 mm/yr for GWS. Meteorological factors were the driving factors for water storage changes in northeastern and western regions. The abundant precipitation increased TWS in northeast regions at 2.36 mm/yr. Anthropogenic activities (agricultural irrigation and coal mining) were the driving factors for water resource decline in the middle and eastern regions (especially in the agropastoral transitional zone), where the decrease rates were 4.09 mm/yr and 3.69 mm/yr, respectively. In addition, the severities of hydrological drought events were identified based on water storage deficits, with average severity values of 17 mm, 18 mm, 24 mm, and 33 mm for the west, middle, east, and northeast regions, respectively. This study established a basic framework for water resource changes in Inner Mongolia and provided a scientific foundation for further water resources investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Petrogenesis of the Late Carboniferous Trondhjemite in Central Inner Mongolia in North China and Constraints of Intra-Oceanic Subduction in the Southern Paleo-Asian Ocean.
- Author
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Dong, Peipei, Li, Yingjie, Xie, Yan, Wang, Jinfang, and Li, Hongyang
- Subjects
TRONDHJEMITE ,SUBDUCTION ,PETROGENESIS ,PLATE tectonics ,OCEANIC crust ,TRACE elements ,RARE earth metals - Abstract
Intra-oceanic subduction is a fundamental process on Earth, the study of which can improve the understanding of plate tectonic processes and the history of continental growth. Here, we report on newly recognized trondhjemite in the north of Diyanmiao ophiolite belt in North China. The trondhjemite was found along the Erenhot-Hegenshan suture zone. U-Pb zircon dating revealed that the trondhjemite crystallized at 309 ± 2.1 Ma. The trondhjemite had a high amount of SiO
2 (68.94–76.45 wt %), Al2 O3 (13.37–15.90 wt %), and Sr (232–601 ppm); and a low amount of K2 O (1.57–2.70 wt %), Y (6.91–9.39 ppm), Ni (1.10–4.19 ppm), and Cr (1.55–13.50 ppm). The Na2 O/K2 O ratios were 1.90–4.37. There was a lack of negative Eu anomalies. It was relatively enriched in large-ion lithophile elements (LILEs) such as Rb, Ba, K, and Sr; was depleted in high-field-strength elements (HFSEs) such as Nb, Ta, Ti, and P; and had low total rare-earth element (REE) contents (27.73–49.63 ppm) with distinct REE fractionation (chondrite-normalized (La/Yb)N of 5.76–10.52), which was similar to adakitic rocks formed by partial melting of subducted oceanic crust. The trondhjemite, together with Diyanmiao ophiolite (335.6 Ma), may have formed during the stages of intra-oceanic subduction, suggesting that in the Early Carboniferous–Late Carboniferous, the southern Paleo-Asian Ocean was in its subduction stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Intra- and interannual dynamics of grassland community phylogenetic structure are influenced by meteorological conditions before the growing season.
- Author
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Lei Dong, Ying Zheng, Jian Wang, Jinrong Li, Zhiyong Li, Jinghui Zhang, Lixin Wang, Bailing Miao, and Cunzhu Liang
- Subjects
GRASSLANDS ,GROWING season ,STRUCTURAL equation modeling ,CLIMATE change ,REGRESSION trees ,COMPETITION (Biology) ,HABITATS - Abstract
The impact of global climate change on ecosystem structure has attracted much attention from researchers. However, how climate change and meteorological conditions influence community phylogenetic structure remains poorly understood. In this research, we quantified the responses of grassland communities' phylogenetic structure to long- and short-term meteorological conditions in Inner Mongolia, China. The net relatedness index (NRI) was used to characterize phylogenetic structure, and the relationship between the NRI and climate data was analyzed to understand the dynamics of community phylogenetic structure and its relationship with extreme meteorological events. Furthermore, multiple linear regression and structural equation models (SEMs) were used to quantify the relative contributions of meteorological factors before and during the current growing season to short-term changes in community phylogenetic structure. In addition, we evaluated the effect of long-term meteorological factors on yearly NRI anomalies with classification and regression trees (CARTs). We found that 1) the degree of phylogenetic clustering of the community is relatively low in the peak growing season, when habitat filtering is relatively weak and competition is fiercer. 2) Extreme meteorological conditions (i.e., drought and cold) may change community phylogenetic structure and indirectly reduce the degree of phylogenetic clustering by reducing the proportion of dominant perennial grasses. 3) Meteorological conditions before the growing season rather than during the current growing season explain more variation in the NRI and interannual NRI anomalies. Our results may provide useful information for understanding grassland community species assembly and how climate change affects biodiversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Observations of Dynamic Turbulence in the Lower Stratosphere over Inner Mongolia Using a High-resolution Balloon Sensor Constant Temperature Anemometer.
- Author
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Ren, Xiaoyu, Liu, Yi, Cai, Zhaonan, and Zhang, Yuli
- Subjects
STRATOSPHERE ,TEMPERATURE sensors ,ANEMOMETER ,ENERGY dissipation ,PERSONAL computers ,AIRSHIPS - Abstract
Copyright of Advances in Atmospheric Sciences is the property of Springer Nature and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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21. Discovery of the protolepidodendralean lycopsid Leclercqia from the Middle to Upper Devonian of Inner Mongolia, northeastern China.
- Author
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Bai, Lingqi, Huang, Pu, Liu, Jianbo, and Xue, Jinzhuang
- Subjects
DEVONIAN Period ,FOSSIL plants - Abstract
The protolepidodendralean lycopsid Leclercqia represents one of the best studied Devonian plants, with a worldwide distribution, but is not known from the palaeocontinents that constitute the present northeastern China. Two species of the genus, Leclercqia cf. L. complexa and Leclercqia sp., are described for the first time from the Hanuo Obo Formation of Dong Ujimqin Qi, Inner Mongolia, northeastern China, an area poorly documented by record of early vascular plants. The first species is characterized by three‐dimensional, five‐tipped leaves, which show a long, downwardly recurved, central segment and two pairs of short, lateral segments, while the latter species bears seven‐tipped leaves and more robust axes. Our discovery confirms that the Hanuo Obo Formation is a distinctive lithological unit in Inner Mongolia, and suggests a Middle to Late Devonian (but no later than Frasnian) age for this formation based on the global spatio‐temporal occurrence of Leclercqia. The present finding indicates the spread of protolepidodendraleans to the Xing'an Block, or a part of the Mongolian Block, representing the northernmost distribution of this group during the Devonian. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Electric vehicles and large-scale integration of wind power – The case of Inner Mongolia in China
- Author
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Liu, Wen, Hu, Weihao, Lund, Henrik, and Chen, Zhe
- Subjects
- *
ELECTRIC vehicles , *WIND power , *ENERGY economics , *RENEWABLE energy sources , *CLIMATE change , *ELECTRIFICATION , *SUPPLY & demand - Abstract
Abstract: Renewable energy is one of the possible solutions when addressing climate change. Today, large-scale renewable energy integration needs to include the experience to balance the discrepancy between electricity demand and supply. The electrification of transportation may have the potential to deal with this imbalance and to reduce its high dependence on oil production. For this reason, it is interesting to analyse the extent to which transport electrification can further the renewable energy integration. This paper quantifies this issue in Inner Mongolia, where the share of wind power in the electricity supply was 6.5% in 2009 and which has the plan to develop large-scale wind power. The results show that electric vehicles (EVs) have the ability to balance the electricity demand and supply and to further the wind power integration. In the best case, the energy system with EV can increase wind power integration by 8%. The application of EVs benefits from saving both energy system cost and fuel cost. However, the negative consequences of decreasing energy system efficiency and increasing the CO2 emission should be noted when applying the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (HFCV). The results also indicate that developing renewable energy is crucial for transportation electrification. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2013
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23. Managing Rangeland as a Complex System: How Government Interventions Decouple Social Systems from Ecological Systems.
- Author
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Wenjun Li and Yanbo Li
- Subjects
- *
RANGE management , *SOCIAL ecology , *ECOLOGY - Abstract
The complexity of natural resource management is increasingly recognized and requires adaptive governance at multiple levels. It is particularly significant to explore the impacts of government interventions on the management practices of local communities and on target social-ecological systems. The Inner Mongolian rangeland was traditionally managed by indigenous people using their own institutions that were adapted to the highly variable local climate and were able to maintain the resilience of the social-ecological system for more than 1000 years. However, external interventions have significantly affected the rangeland social-ecological system in recent decades. In this paper, using livestock breed improvement as an example, we track government interventions from the traditional era through the collective period to the present market economy period based on a review of historical documents and case studies. Using the concept of social-ecological system resilience, we diagnose the impacts of interventions on livestock breed management in the rangeland social-ecological system, and discuss how these interventions occur. We found that government interventions in livestock breeding have gradually decoupled the pastoral society from its supporting ecological system. During this process, external powers have increasingly displaced the local community in defining the nature of rangeland management. Power asymmetry and discourse have contributed to this displacement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. An Analysis of Temporal Evolution of NDVI in Various Vegetation-Climate Regions in Inner Mongolia, China.
- Author
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Cui, Y.P., Liu, J.Y., Hu, Y.F., Kuang, W.H., and Xie, Z.L.
- Subjects
BIOLOGICAL evolution ,VEGETATION & climate ,CLIMATE change ,AGRICULTURAL climatology ,ECONOMIC development - Abstract
Abstract: Inner Mongolia is an important ecological barrier in northern China. The vegetation coverage and changes in the region will directly affect many important economic regions in China. In this paper, based on the long time series NOAA/AVHRR NDVI dataset and vegetation-climate regions map in Inner Mongolia, we utilized the Mann - Kendall non-parametric test to analyze vegetation change treads in different vegetation-climatic regions from 1982 to 2006. The results showed that different vegetation-climate regions had different vegetation change treads. Therein, Central and Western parts of Inner Mongolia had an ascending trend, while, the eastern part had a descending trend. Inner Mongolia span different climatic regions, and plants lived there had various adaptive capacities under different environments. Therefore, its change trends also were quite different. All these illustrate that, under the background of climate change, the sensibility of vegetation are significant different and some plants in different regions have showed their adaptive capacities. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2012
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25. Property rights and grassland degradation: A study of the Xilingol Pasture, Inner Mongolia, China
- Author
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Jun Li, Wen, Ali, Saleem H., and Zhang, Qian
- Subjects
- *
ENVIRONMENTAL management , *ENVIRONMENTAL degradation , *PROPERTY rights ,GRASSLAND environmental conditions - Abstract
The semi-private property rights arrangement called the Household Production Responsibility System (HPRS) was started in the early 1980s in Xilingol pasture of Inner Mongolia (China), and stimulated the development of stockbreeding. The grassland has been degrading severely with increasing numbers of livestock. Based on a historical review of property rights regimes in Inner Mongolia and empirical surveys in Xilingol pasture during 2001–2003, this paper assesses the implementation of HPRS and its impacts on incomes of households as well as the environmental impact on the grassland. It was found that HPRS does not mitigate the “Tragedy of the Commons”, instead it has exacerbated the situation. It was also found that co-management of grassland and livestock among a few households presents a sustainable use of grassland to develop livestock breeding. We conclude with the recommendation that small-scale collective property rights systems should be encouraged in Xilingol pasture of Inner Mongolia. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2007
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- View/download PDF
26. A 168-year temperature recording based on tree rings and latitude differences in temperature changes in northeast China.
- Author
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Jiang, Yangao, Cao, Yuting, Zhang, Junhui, Li, Zhuo, Shi, Guoqiang, Han, Shijie, Coombs, Cassius E. O., Liu, Chuan, Wang, Xiaoguang, Wang, Junwei, Hao, Lin, Xu, Qi, and He, Haisheng
- Subjects
TREE-rings ,LATITUDE ,TEMPERATURE ,LINEAR equations ,DATA recorders & recording ,LARCHES - Abstract
A ring-width series was developed from Dahurian larch (Larix gmelinii) in the northeastern forest area of Inner Mongolia, China. By analyzing the relationships between tree-ring data and climate records, an August–September mean maximum temperature (T
89 ) series during 1845 and 2012 was reconstructed based on a simple linear regression equation. This reconstructed series explained 40.9% variance of the observed temperature from 1959 to 2012. The reconstructed T89 series was consistent with the historical disaster events caused by extreme climate (e.g., flood, frost disaster, and cold damage). Besides, the temperature comparisons showed that the year in which the warm months (April–September) in northeast China began to warm up has latitude differences. It started with a gradual delay from north to south, starting 1980 in the south region, after 1950 AD in the central region and after 1940 in the north region. Our study can enrich high-resolution temperature series in Northeast China and help clarify the characteristic of recent warming in northeast China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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27. Dietary adaptations and palaeoecology of Lophialetidae (Mammalia, Tapiroidea) from the Eocene of the Erlian Basin, China: combined evidence from mesowear and stable isotope analyses.
- Author
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Gong, Yanxin, Wang, Yuanqing, Wang, Yang, Mao, Fangyuan, Bai, Bin, Wang, Haibing, Li, Qian, Jin, Xun, Wang, Xu, Meng, Jin, and Hautier, Lionel
- Subjects
STABLE isotope analysis ,FOSSIL teeth ,CLIMATE change ,MAMMALS ,RESOURCE exploitation - Abstract
Lophialetidae is an extinct group of endemic Asiatic tapiroids that are widely distributed in the Eocene sediments of Asia. Schlosseria magister and Lophialetes expeditus are the most abundant species in this family. However, their dietary and ecological characteristics are largely unknown. For the first time, we reconstruct the palaeodiet and habitat of these two lophialetids using a combination of mesowear and stable carbon isotope analysis of fossil teeth excavated from the Erlian Basin, China. Mesowear analysis (n = 141) suggests that the dietary structure of S. magister and L. expeditus shifted from less to more abrasive diets from ~52 to ~42 Ma. Stable carbon isotope analysis (n = 137) suggests that the habitats of S. magister and L. expeditus became drier and/or more open through time. The dietary shifts of the two lophialetids are consistent with evident changes in habitat. The changes in the diet and habitat were probably related to global climate change during that time period. The gradual drop in global temperatures during the early–middle Eocene led to a drier and more open terrestrial ecosystem in the Erlian Basin, probably resulting in changes in floral composition of the environment inhabited by S. magister and L. expeditus. Hence, herbivores highly susceptible to vegetation modification had to develop new resource exploitation strategies to adapt to these changes. Schlosseria magister, considered to be the sister‐group of L. expeditus and with a low level of ecological flexibility, was unable to adapt to the habitat changes finally becoming extinct at ~45 Ma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
28. Genesis and tectonic setting of the Bulage Pb–Zn deposit, Inner Mongolia, China: Evidence from geology, fluid inclusions, EMPA, H–O isotope systematics, zircon U–Pb geochronology, and geochemistry.
- Author
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Li, Jian, Cai, Wen‐yan, Fu, Li‐juan, Zhang, Xue‐bing, Wang, Ke‐yong, Ma, Xue‐li, Sun, Yao‐chao, and Tang, L.
- Subjects
FLUID inclusions ,RARE earth metals ,GEOCHEMISTRY ,GEOLOGICAL time scales ,GEOLOGY ,ZIRCON ,TONALITE - Abstract
The recently discovered Bulage Pb–Zn deposit is located in the central part of the Erlianhot–Dongwuqi Metallogenic Belt (eastern Central Asian Orogenic Belt) in Inner Mongolia, China. The ore bodies of the deposit are hosted in alkali feldspar granite and in dacitic crystal tuff within Unit 2 of the Carboniferous Baoligaomiao Formation. The Bulage deposit is a low to moderate temperature hydrothermal vein‐type deposit and is controlled by fractures. The hydrothermal mineralization can be divided into three stages: early (quartz + specularite ± magnetite), middle (quartz + sphalerite + galena ± chalcopyrite ± pyrite), and late (calcite ± quartz + sphalerite + galena). The deposit contains liquid‐rich two‐phase (VL‐type) and pure‐liquid (L‐type) fluid inclusions. The initial ore‐forming fluids are attributed to the low to moderate temperature and low salinity of a NaCl–H2O system. Hydrogen and oxygen isotopic compositions of quartz and calcite indicate that the ore‐forming fluids were dominated by meteoric water with minor contributions of magmatic water. The quartz diorite, monzonite porphyry, and alkali feldspar granite in the deposit yield LA–ICP–MS zircon U–Pb ages of 305–300 Ma. These high‐K calc‐alkaline I‐type granitoids are enriched in large‐ion lithophile elements (LILEs; e.g., Rb, Cs, and K) and light rare earth elements (LREEs) and are depleted in high‐field‐strength elements (HFSEs; e.g., Nb, Ta, and Ti) and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs). The primary magma of these granitoids was derived from the partial melting of lower crust. The parental magma of the quartz diorite may have provided part of the ore‐forming material and acted as a heat source for mineralization. Therefore, we infer that the Bulage Pb–Zn deposit was formed as a result of the southward subduction of the Paleo–Asian Ocean beneath the North China Craton during the Late Carboniferous. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
29. New cleroid beetles from the Middle-Late Jurassic of China.
- Author
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KOLIBÁČ, JIŘÍ and DIYING HUANG
- Subjects
BEETLES ,BEETLE anatomy ,FOSSILS ,AEDEAGUS ,CLAWS ,FAMILY relations - Abstract
Four specimens of fossil beetles recorded from the Middle and Late Jurassic boundary beds of Inner Mongolia, China are assigned to the melyrid lineage of Cleroidea. Three of them are described as Sinomelyris praedecessor gen. et sp. nov. and constitute the earliest known representatives of the family Melyridae. The new species habitually resembles some extant beetles of the subfamily Melyrinae but it is distinctly smaller and possesses four elytral carinae, the pronotum without a pair of the dorsolateral carinae, and the tarsal claw simple. The fourth specimen Juraniscus majeri gen. et sp. nov., is classified as Cleroidea incertae sedis. The new species has the symmetrical antennomeres including three terminal ones, the tarsomeres 1-4 with the lobes, the tarsal claw simple, and the aedeagus with the separated parameres. It is considered to be a member of the melyrid lineage and its relations to the relevant families Mauroniscidae, Rhadalidae, Dasytidae, and Malachiidae are discussed. A complete list of fossil species in the melyrid lineage described to date is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
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- View/download PDF
30. PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF FLUORINE CONTENT IN SOIL AND PLANTS AROUND WUDA COALFIELD, INNER MONGOLIA, CHINA.
- Author
-
Xiuping Hong, Han-dong Liang, Kang Yang, and Yang Chen
- Subjects
COALFIELDS ,FLUORINE content of soils - Abstract
A total of 69 soil samples and 80 Bassia dasyphylla (sandwort) leaf and stem samples from Gobi desert land in the Wuda coalfield, Inner Mongolia, were analyzed. The results show that the average fluorine content in the soil of the coalfield area, the periphery of the coalfield area, and the Wuda urban area was 1250, 757, and 552 µg/g, respectively, which is higher than the background value. This suggests that the coal seam fire burning there, leads directly to fluorine pollution within a limited area. The average fluorine content in the leaves and stems of Bassia dasyphylla sampled immediately around the sites of the ongoing coal fire was 532 and 388 µg/g, respectively, while the concentration in leaf and stem samples collected in areas remote from the fire, but within the field, was 146 and 107 µg/g, respectively. This implies that this historic coal fire, which has been burning for the past 50 years, is responsible for a general deposition of fluorine in the local area. This result suggests that coal seam fires may also be a novel source of fluorine pollution in some urban areas. The scenario of urban areas being adjacent to coal seam fires is not limited to Wuda but is relatively common in northern China, and elsewhere. Whether or not there are other cities currently under the influence of coal seam fires merits further investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
31. NEW JURASSIC CERCOPOIDEA FROM CHINA AND THEIR EVOLUTIONARY SIGNIFICANCE (INSECTA: HEMIPTERA).
- Author
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BO WANG, SZWEDO, JACEK, and HAICHUN ZHANG
- Subjects
JURASSIC Period ,PALEONTOLOGY ,FOSSIL hemiptera ,CLASSIFICATION of insects - Abstract
A new family, Sinoalidae Wang and Szwedo fam. nov., is described from the Middle Jurassic Daohugou Biota (Inner Mongolia, China). Two new genera with three new species (Sinoala parallelivena Wang and Szwedo gen. et sp. nov., Jiania crebra Wang and Szwedo gen. et sp. nov., and Jiania gracila Wang and Szwedo sp. nov.) are erected based on well-preserved whole-bodied specimens. The morphologi-cal characters of Procercopidae and the new family are given, and a key to the species of Sinoalidae is presented. The genera Luanpingia Hong, 1983 and Huabeicercopis Hong, 1983 are revised and attributed to Sinoalidae. The genera Mesocercopis Hong, 1983 and Sinotettegarcta Hong, 1986 are considered junior synonyms of Anthoscytina Hong, 1983. Taxa assigned to Sinoalidae fam. nov. cannot be attributed to any previously known family, but share some general (plesiomorphic) characters with ancient Clypeata, for example, postclypeus distinctly swollen, transversely wrin-kled, antenna with a flagellum of a few elongate segments, frons with median ocellus and lateral ocelli on crown. More-over, the new family is closely related to Procercopidae (Cercopoidea) based on a pronotum with a median incision at the hind margin; tegmen slender, partly punctuate, basal portion of Sc not exceeding apex of basal cell, and hind legs with lateral spines. It has a mixture of ancestral characters shared with Hylicelloidea and Jurassic Procercopidae and some derived characters. Therefore, it is tentatively placed in Cercopoidea. A preliminary phylogram of Clypeata is presented based on the combination of fossil and morphological data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. The return periods and risk assessment of severe dust storms in Inner Mongolia with consideration of the main contributing factors.
- Author
-
Liu, Xueqin, Li, Ning, Xie, Wei, Wu, Jidong, Zhang, Peng, and Ji, Zhonghui
- Subjects
RISK assessment ,DUST storms ,SOIL moisture ,REMOTE sensing - Abstract
This study presents a methodology for return period analysis and risk assessment of severe dust storm disaster. Meteorological observation data, soil moisture data, and remote sensing data from 30 meteorological stations in Inner Mongolia (western China) from 1985 to 2006 were used for the study. A composite index of severe dust storm disaster (Index I) based on the influence mechanisms of the main contributing factors was developed by using the analytic hierarchy process and the weighted comprehensive method, and the hazard risk curves (i.e., the transcendental probability curves of I) for the 30 stations were established using the parameter estimation method. We then analyzed the risk of the occurrence of severe dust storm under different scenarios of 5-, 10-, 20-, and 50-year return periods. The results show that the risk decreased from west to east across Inner Mongolia, and there are four severe dust storm occurrence peak value centers, including Guaizihu, Jilantai, Hailisu, and Zhurihe-Erenhot. The severity of dust storms in seven places will be intolerable in the 50-year return period scenario and in three places in the 20-year return period scenario. These results indicate that these locations should concentrate forces on disaster prevention, monitoring, and early warning. The I was developed as an easily understandable tool useful for the assessment and comparison of the relative risk of severe dust storm disasters in different areas. The risk assessment was specifically intended to support local and national government agencies in their management of severe dust storm disasters in their efforts to (1) make resource allocation decisions, (2) make high-level planning decisions, and (3) raise public awareness of severe dust storm risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
33. Spatio-temporal pattern and rationality of land reclamation and cropland abandonment in mid-eastern Inner Mongolia of China in 1990-2005.
- Author
-
Jinwei Dong, Jiyuan Liu, Huimin Yan, Fulu Tao, and Wenhui Kuang
- Subjects
SPATIO-temporal variation ,RECLAMATION of land ,FARMS ,HABITAT conservation - Abstract
The Mid-eastern Inner Mongolia of China, a typical agro-pastoral transitional zone, has undergone rapid agricultural land use changes including land reclamation and cropland abandonment in past decades due to growing population and food demand, climatic variability, and land use policy such as the 'Grain for Green' Project (GFG Project). It is significant to the regional ecology and sustainability to examine the pattern and its rationality of land use change. The processes of land reclamation and cropland abandonment were accessed by using land use change dataset for four periods of 1990, 1995, 2000, and 2005, derived from the interpretation of Landsat TM images. And then the rationality of land reclamation and cropland abandonment was analyzed based on the habitat suitability for cultivation. The results indicated that: (1) land reclamation was the dominant form of agricultural land use change from 1990 to 2005, the total cropland area increased from 64,954.64 km in 1990 to 76,258.51 km in 2005; However, the speed of land reclamation decreased while cropland abandonment increased around 2000. The Land Reclamation Degree decreased from 1995-2000 to 2000-2005, meanwhile, Cropland Abandonment Degree increased. (2) As for the habitat suitability levels, moderately and marginally suitable levels had largest areas where cropland was widespread. Pattern of agricultural land use trended to become more rational due to the decrease of land reclamation area in low suitable levels and the increase of cropland abandonment in unsuitable area after 2000. (3) The habitat suitability-based rationality analysis of agricultural land use implicated that the GFG Project should take cultivation habitat suitability assessment into account. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. A new oviraptorid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Bayan Mandahu, Inner Mongolia.
- Author
-
LONGRICH, NICHOLAS R., CURRIE, PHILIP J., and DONG ZHI-MING
- Subjects
OVIRAPTORIDAE ,FOSSIL animals ,CRETACEOUS stratigraphic geology ,CRETACEOUS paleontology - Abstract
A new oviraptorid is described on the basis of a partial forelimb collected from the Upper Cretaceous redbeds of Bayan Mandahu, Inner Mongolia. Machairasaurus leptonychus, gen. et sp. nov. is diagnosed by slender, weakly curved manual unguals, reduced flexor tubercles, penultimate phalanges that are subequal in length to the preceding phalanges, and short, robust manual digits. Machairasaurus is found to be a member of the Ingeniinae, along with Ingenia yanshini, Heyuannia huangi, Conchoraptor gracilis, and Nemegtomaia barsboldi. Machairasaurus exhibits unusual proportions of the manus, suggesting that the manus was not primarily used to grasp prey. Instead, Machairasaurus and other oviraptorids are likely to have fed largely on plant material. The recognition of a previously unknown oviraptorid at Bayan Mandahu provides further evidence that the Bayan Mandahu dinosaur assemblage is distinct from that found at the Djadokhta Formation exposures at Bayn Dzak, Tugriken Shireh, and Ukhaa Tolgod. Given that these localities are separated by just a few hundred kilometres and represent similar palaeoenvironments, marked differences in the fauna suggest that the Bayan Mandahu Formation of Inner Mongolia is not coeval with the known Djadokhta localities in Mongolia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Leaf nitrogen:phosphorus stoichiometry across Chinese grassland biomes.
- Author
-
Jin-Sheng He, Liang Wang, Flynn, Dan F. B., Xiangping Wang, Wenhong Ma, and Jingyun Fang
- Subjects
PHOSPHORUS ,STOICHIOMETRY ,GRASSLANDS ,BIOTIC communities - Abstract
Leaf N and P stoichiometry covaries with many aspects of plant biology, yet the drivers of this trait at biogeographic scales remain uncertain. Recently we reported the patterns of leaf C and N based on systematic census of 213 species over 199 research sites in the grassland biomes of China. With the expanded analysis of leaf P, here we report patterns of leaf P and N:P ratios, and analyze the relative contribution of climatic variables and phylogeny in structuring patterns of leaf N:P stoichiometry. Average values of leaf P and N:P ratio were 1.9 mg g
−1 and 15.3 (mass ratio), respectively, consistent with the previous observation of a higher N:P ratio in China’s flora than the global averages (ca. 13.8), resulting from a lower leaf P. Climatic variables had very little direct correlation with leaf P and N:P ratios, with growing season precipitation and temperature together explaining less than 2% of the variation, while inter-site differences and within-site phylogenetic variation explained 55 and 26% of the total variation in leaf P and N:P ratios. Across all sites and species, leaf N and P were highly positively correlated at all levels. However, the within-site, within-species covariations of leaf N and P were weaker than those across sites and across species. Leaf N and P relationships are driven by both variation between sites at the landscape scale (explaining 58% of the variance) and within sites at the local scale (explaining 24%), while the climatic factors exerted limited influence (explaining less than 3%). In addition, leaf N:P ratios in two dominant genera Kobresia and Stipa had different responses to precipitation. This study suggests that geographic variation and between-species variation, rather than climatic variation, are the major determinants of grassland foliar stoichiometry at the biome level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
36. POACHING STATE POLITICS IN SOCIALIST CHINA: UXIN JU'S GRASSLAND CAMPAIGN, 1958-1966.
- Author
-
Jiang, Hong
- Subjects
GRASSLAND restoration ,GRASSLAND management ,ENVIRONMENTALISM ,SOCIALISTS - Abstract
This study explores the local experience of a state-initiated campaign to improve the grassland in Uxin Ju, a Mongolian community in northern China, from 1958 to 1966. The contrast between the local experience and the official representation reveals great discrepancies and attests to the ability of local people to utilize state policies to meet local needs, transforming socialist ideologies into local rationales. Applying Michel de Certeau's theory of everyday practice that sees book reading as poaching and the use/consumption of political and cultural discourses as a process of creative empowerment, I examine how the Mongols in Uxin Ju "poached" state politics to their own advantages and appropriated the grassland campaign in the making of the local landscape. This poaching further elucidates James Scott's concept of ideological resistance by focusing on the creative use of nonoppositional nature, which is an important way in which local people could express their agency in the oppressive regime of socialist China. This article calls attention to how nonsubversive co-optation of state policies can function as an expression of agency in the making of local human-environmental history, even on the part of individuals who are actively accommodating to the ideology of the dominant regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2006
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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