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Australia's strategic environment is most influenced by three factors: the status of the US-China relationship, America's willingness to defend the rules-based global order in Asia, and the stability of the Asian region. This commentary examines the 2016 Defence White Paper's analysis of these three factors and examines its overall narrative. As a public document, the White Paper is necessarily limited in its ability to frankly assess the most serious challenges in Australia's strategic environment and the threat they pose to national security. However, there is a risk that the document's optimistic narrative discourages a thoughtful consideration of the changes in Asia's regional order. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The lack of physical activity is a common issue in modern society and is considered a major risk factor for various chronic non-communicable diseases. Bioactive factors secreted by skeletal muscle during exercise play a crucial role in inter-organ interactions. Since the concept of "myokines" was proposed in 2004, hundreds of regulatory myokines have been identified. Visual analysis of research on exercise-regulated myokines is significant to explore research hotspots and frontiers in this field. Methods: Research literature on exercise-regulated myokines from 2003 to 2023 in the "Web of Science" database was used as the data source. Knowledge maps were drawn using "VOS Viewer, CiteSpace, and R-bibliometrix" software. Results: A total of 1,405 papers were included, showing a fluctuating yet slow growth in annual publications. The United States and China led in the number of publications and collaboration networks. Harvard University ranked first with 120 publications. CIBER (centrality 0.16) and the University of California System (centrality 0.16) were pivotal in advancing this field. PEDERSEN BK led author rankings with 41 publications and 1,952 citations. FRONTIERS IN PHYSIOLOGY ranked first among journals with 64 publications and the highest g-index (39), while PLoS One had the highest h-index (25) and most citations (2,599). Key cocited reference clusters included #1 skeletal muscle dysfunction, #2 obesity, #6 ASCs, and #7 adaptive immunocytes. Pontus Boström's paper had a notable citation burst intensity of 77.37. High-frequency keywords were "exercise" (509), "skeletal muscle" (452), and "expression" (293), with long-term keywords such as #0 irisin, #2 insulin resistance, #3 transcription, and #6 physical activity. Recently, keywords like "physical exercise," "resistance exercise," "aerobic exercise," "insulin," and "oxidative stress" have emerged. Conclusion: Research in the field of exercise-regulated myokines shows an overall upward trend. The focus areas include myokines mediated by different types of exercise, the interaction of irisin-mediated muscle with other organs, and the important role of myokine-mediated oxidative stress in exercise simulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vegetation indices provide information for various precision-agriculture practices, by providing quantitative data about crop growth and health. To provide a concise and up-to-date review of vegetation indices in precision agriculture, this study focused on the major vegetation indices with the criterion of their frequency in scientific papers indexed in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) since 2000. Based on the scientific papers with the topic of "precision agriculture" combined with "vegetation index", this study found that the United States and China are global leaders in total precision-agriculture research and the application of vegetation indices, while the analysis adjusted for the country area showed much more homogenous global development of vegetation indices in precision agriculture. Among these studies, vegetation indices based on the multispectral sensor are much more frequently adopted in scientific studies than their low-cost alternatives based on the RGB sensor. The normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) was determined as the dominant vegetation index, with a total of 2200 studies since the year 2000. With the existence of vegetation indices that improved the shortcomings of NDVI, such as enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), this study recognized their potential for enabling superior results to those of NDVI in future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Epilepsy is one of the most common serious chronic neurological disorders, which can have a serious negative impact on individuals, families and society, and even death. With the increasing application of machine learning techniques in medicine in recent years, the integration of machine learning with epilepsy has received close attention, and machine learning has the potential to provide reliable and optimal performance for clinical diagnosis, prediction, and precision medicine in epilepsy through the use of various types of mathematical algorithms, and promises to make better parallel advances. However, no bibliometric assessment has been conducted to evaluate the scientific progress in this area. Therefore, this study aims to visually analyze the trend of the current state of research related to the application of machine learning in epilepsy through bibliometrics and visualization. Methods: Relevant articles and reviews were searched for 2004-2023 using Web of Science Core Collection database, and bibliometric analyses and visualizations were performed in VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Bibliometrix (R-Tool of R-Studio). Results: A total of 1,284 papers related to machine learning in epilepsy were retrieved from the Wo SCC database. The number of papers shows an increasing trend year by year. These papers were mainly from 1,957 organizations in 87 countries/regions, with the majority from the United States and China. The journal with the highest number of published papers is EPILEPSIA. Acharya, U. Rajendra (Ngee Ann Polytechnic, Singapore) is the authoritative author in the field and his paper "Deep Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated Detection and Diagnosis of Epileptic Seizures Using EEG Signals" was the most cited. Literature and keyword analysis shows that seizure prediction, epilepsy management and epilepsy neuroimaging are current research hotspots and developments. Conclusions: This study is the first to use bibliometric methods to visualize and analyze research in areas related to the application of machine learning in epilepsy, revealing research trends and frontiers in the field. This information will provide a useful reference for epilepsy researchers focusing on machine learning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global digital wave has flourished in recent years, and the digital technology revolution has emerged. Digitalization plays an undeniable role in promoting modern economic and social development in multiple aspects such as economy, society, innovation, public services and sustainable development, China's digitalization application is also developing rapidly. In order to better measure the current situation of China's digitalization development level, this paper constructs a comprehensive evaluation index system of digitalization development from four dimensions of talents in the digital field, digital infrastructure construction, digitalization innovation ability and international competitiveness, and tests the index system. The entropy method is used to measure the level of digitalization development between China and the United States, the United Kingdom, France and other major developed countries in the world, and the coefficient of variation method, kernel density estimation and Dagum Gini coefficient method are used to analyze the temporal and spatial characteristics and regional differences of digitalization development level of seven countries. This paper makes a comparative analysis between China and major developed countries from the historical perspective of the evolution of the techno-economic paradigm. With a view to summarizing and exploring from it and drawing on the advanced experiences accumulated by the developed countries over a long period of time, so as to provide China with useful insights and bases for further enhancing its digitalization development level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research aims to find the research focus and to highlight authors, journals, and documents on early childhood education (ECE) in 2022. This article analyzed a dataset with 1586 Clarivate Web of Science indexed articles on this topic, using descriptive, co-occurrence and thematic analyses. The authors applied the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) flow to comply with the dataset. Excel, the R program in the Biblioshiny package, and VOSviewer version 1.7 were used for the descriptive and bibliographic analyses. The findings of this paper demonstrate the remarkable contribution of researchers from the United States and China in terms of research quantity and impact, as well as their collaboration with different researchers. The findings revealed four topics: language and speech; programmes, policies and their impact on children and preschool teachers; behaviour of preschool children; the quality of ECE. In addition, we figured out the top influential authors and journals. This study provided an overview of research in ECE in 2022 and highlighted essential issues that need to be focused on by ECE researchers and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mutual hostility and confrontation characterized the first two decades of relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China. This article examines the impact of the Korean War on creating and perpetuating this mutual enmity. The first half describes how the U.S. reaction to the outbreak of the Korean War and especially Chinese military intervention in the conflict removed any chance for an early reconciliation, discussing Washington's specific policies from June 1950 until the armistice in July 1953 aimed at achieving diplomatic isolation and economic punishment of China's new regime. The second half defines China's five primary postwar foreign policy goals and explains how Beijing faced strident opposition from the United States in its attempts to achieve each objective. While Washington's efforts largely failed, U.S. actions ensured that Sino-American relations would remain poisoned for fifteen more years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ongoing trade war between China and the United States has had a far-reaching impact on a global scale. This rivalry has been most obvious in the semiconductor industry. The two nations have found themselves in a tense geopolitical situation where any economic attack by either side would affect all parties involved. This paper aims to explore the origins of this conflict and highlight the key actions taken by each country, as well as the consequences of those actions. Additionally, it highlights the areas of interdependence between China and the US (i.e., American high-tech chips and Chinese rare earth materials). The study utilizes the theory of weaponizing independence and game theory's Prisoner's Dilemma to conclude that while both China and the US have suffered negative consequences due to this conflict, China's latest technological advancements in the 7nm chip and their supply of rare earth materials have given them a stronger hand in the game. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The global attention on industrial policy's effectiveness spans across various sectors, particularly in international trade where the focus is on enhancing the quality of foreign trade, which is crucial to understand how research hotspots and key issues can synergize. We consider the 2018 "new round" of Sino-US trade friction as an external event and analyze panel data from 2009 to 2022 comprising 1141 Chinese A-share listed enterprises. Our empirical research unequivocally demonstrates that industrial policy has significantly propelled China's foreign trade towards high-quality development by 1.8240%. We conducted rigorous tests for robustness, heterogeneity, and endogeneity. Additionally, our results reveal that inhibitory influences arising from industrial policy on total assets or R&D investment attenuate this promotion effect; There exists a diminishing promotion effect between total assets and R&D investment. Our paper provides valuable insights into understanding their logical relationship while offering guidance for enterprises, markets, and governments in overcoming challenges collectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most prevalent malignancy among men globally. The diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of prostate cancer frequently fall short of expectations. In recent years, the connection between inflammation and prostate cancer has attracted considerable attention. However, there is a lack of bibliometric studies analyzing the research on inflammation within the domain of prostate cancer. Research methods: We utilized the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) as our data source to extract articles and reviews related to inflammation in prostate cancer, published up until April 12, 2024. The collected data underwent meticulous manual screening, followed by bibliometric analysis and visualization using the Biblioshiny package in R. Results: This study encompasses an analysis of 2,786 papers focusing on inflammation-related research within the realm of prostate cancer. Recent years have seen a significant proliferation of publications in this area, with the United States and China being the foremost contributors. The most prolific author in this domain is Demarzoam, with Johns Hopkins University standing out as the most influential institution. The leading journal in disseminating these studies is PROSTATE. Keyword co-occurrence analysis reveals that ‘inflammation-related biomarkers’, ‘inflammation index’, and ‘tumor immune microenvironment’ represent the current research hotspots and frontiers. Conclusion: The findings of this bibliometric study serve to illuminate the current landscape of inflammation-related research in the field of prostate cancer, while further augmenting the discourse on inflammation-mediated cancer therapeutics. Of particular note is the potential of these discoveries to facilitate a more nuanced understanding among researchers regarding the interplay between inflammation and prostate cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes how South Korea, the leader in memory chip manufacturing, is affected by the US-China chip war. To assess the strategy that the Korean government is building to mitigate the adverse effects on its export-dependent economy and national security, the paper looks at the interdependence of the semiconductor supply chain and the conditions of the current conflict. The analysis of the current US-China chip war and its impact on South Korea's semiconductor industry and, by extension, its national economy and security, shows how South Korea is addressing the challenges and exploiting the opportunities to maintain its status as a major semiconductor manufacturer. The paper also explains how South Korea is leveraging its technological power status and experience to ensure the security and continued growth of its semiconductor industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent cancer globally and is associated with significant mortality. Recent research has provided crucial insights into the role of gut microbiota in the onset and progression of breast cancer, confirming its impact on the disease's management. Despite numerous studies exploring this relationship, there is a lack of comprehensive bibliometric analyses to outline the field's current state and emerging trends. This study aims to fill that gap by analyzing key research directions and identifying emerging hotspots. Method: Publications from 2013 to 2023 were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection database. The VOSviewer, R language and SCImago Graphica software were utilized to analyze and visualize the volume of publications, countries/regions, institutions, authors, and keywords in this field. Results: A total of 515 publications were included in this study. The journal Cancers was identified as the most prolific, contributing 21 papers. The United States and China were the leading contributors to this field. The University of Alabama at Birmingham was the most productive institution. Peter Bai published the most papers, while James J. Goedert was the most cited author. Analysis of highly cited literature and keyword clustering confirmed a close relationship between gut microbiota and breast cancer. Keywords such as "metabolomics" and "probiotics" have been prominently highlighted in the keyword analysis, indicating future research hotspots in exploring the interaction between metabolites in the breast cancer microenvironment and gut microbiota. Additionally, these keywords suggest significant interest in the therapeutic potential of probiotics for breast cancer treatment. Conclusion: Research on the relationship between gut microbiota and breast cancer is expanding. Attention should be focused on understanding the mechanisms of their interaction, particularly the metabolite-microbiota-breast cancer crosstalk. These insights have the potential to advance prevention, diagnosis, and treatment strategies for breast cancer. This bibliometric study provides a comprehensive assessment of the current state and future trends of research in this field, offering valuable perspectives for future studies on gut microbiota and breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoporosis (OP) is a systemic metabolic bone disease that is characterized by decreased bone mineral density and microstructural damage to bone tissue. Recent studies have demonstrated significant advances in the research of programmed cell death (PCD) in OP. However, there is no bibliometric analysis in this research field. This study searched the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database for literature related to OP and PCD from 2000 to 2023. This study used VOSviewers 1.6.20, the "bibliometrix" R package, and CiteSpace (6.2.R3) for bibliometric and visualization analysis. A total of 2905 articles from 80 countries were included, with China and the United States leading the way. The number of publications related to PCD in OP is increasing year by year. The main research institutions are Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Chinese Medical University, Southern Medical University, Zhejiang University, and Soochow University. Bone is the most popular journal in the field of PCD in OP, and the Journal of Bone and Mineral Research is the most co‐cited journal. These publications come from 14,801 authors, with Liu Zong‐Ping, Yang Lei, Manolagas Stavros C, Zhang Wei, and Zhao Hong‐Yan having published the most papers. Ronald S. Weinstein was co‐cited most often. Oxidative stress and autophagy are the current research hot spots for PCD in OP. This bibliometric study provides the first comprehensive summary of trends and developments in PCD research in OP. This information identifies the most recent research frontiers and hot directions, which will provide a definitive reference for scholars studying PCD in OP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Head and neck cancer is one of the most common tumors worldwide. However, drug resistance in its treatment has become a major factor limiting the efficacy. This study aims to comprehensively understand the current status of research in this field. Methods: The study analyzes papers related to therapeutic resistance in head and neck cancer published between 2000 and 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection To achieve the research objectives, we searched the WoSCC for research and review papers on therapeutic resistance in head and neck cancer from 2000 to 2023, screened the English literature, and analyzed the research hotspots, academic collaborations, and trends in detail using tools such as Citespace, SCImago Graphica, and VOS viewer. Results: This study summarizes 787 head and neck cancer treatment resistance publications from WoSCC. The analysis showed that China and the United States are the major contributors in this field, and Grandis Jennifer R and Yang Jai-Sing are the key scholars. Keyword analysis showed that "cisplatin resistance" is a continuing focus of attention, while "Metastasis" and "Ferroptosis" may be emerging research hotspots. Literature clustering analysis pointed out that "Ferroptosis", "Immunotherapy" and "ERK signaling" were the recent hotspots that received extensive attention and citations. Finally, we discuss the current status and challenges in drug-resistant therapies for head and neck cancer. Conclusion: This study is the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis of drug resistance in head and neck cancer. Reveals current trends and helps researchers grasp cutting-edge hotspots in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Molecular glues, which reshape E3 ligase receptors to promote targeted protein degradation, are emerging as a promising therapeutic strategy, particularly in oncology, driven by rapidly advancing insights into their mechanisms and structural properties. Objective: This study aims to offer an insightful depiction and visualization of the knowledge structure, prevalent themes, and emerging trends within the domain since the year 2000, employing bibliometric analysis to achieve this goal. Methods: To conduct this research, a comprehensive collection of literature on molecular glues was sourced from the Web of Science database. Subsequently, the data underwent analysis utilizing CiteSpace and VOSviewer tools, enabling the identification of pivotal countries, institutions, authors, and journals, as well as the delineation of subject hotspots, trends, and the forefront of research in this evolving field. Result: Since 2000, 388 papers on molecular glues have been published, with a notable increase to an annual average of 43 articles post-2018. This research, contributed by 506 authors across 329 institutions, highlights the United States and China as leading nations in output, with 122 and 104 articles respectively. Takuzo Aida, Luc Brunsveld, and Christian Ottmann are identified as key authors. Nature emerges as the foremost publication venue, while the Chinese Academy of Sciences is the top contributing institution, underscoring the global engagement and interdisciplinary nature of molecular glue research. This study identified 19 distinct research clusters within the molecular glues domain. Conclusion: We reveal the current status, hotspots, and trends of molecular glue research since 2000, offering insights and novel scholarly perspectives on the field's prevailing limitations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a severe central nervous trauma that can cause serious consequences. Cell death is emerging as a common pathogenesis after SCI. In the last two decades, numerous studies have been published in the field of cell death after SCI. However, it is still rare to find relevant bibliometric analyses. This bibliometric study aims to visually represent global research trends in the field of cell death after SCI. Methods: Bibliometric data were sourced from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R software ("bibliometrix" package) were used to analyze and visualize bibliometric data. Annual scientific production, countries/regions, institutions, authors, journals, highly cited papers, keywords, and literature co-citation were evaluated to determine research performance. Results: An analysis of 5,078 publications extracted from the WoSCC database revealed a fluctuating yet persistent growth in the field of cell death after SCI over the past 23 years. China and the United States, contributing 69% of the total publications, were the main driving force in this field. The Wenzhou Medical University from China contributed to the most papers. In terms of authors, Salvatore Cuzzocrea from the University of Messina had the highest number of publications. The "Journal of Neurotrauma" was the top journal in terms of the number of publications, however, the "Journal of Neuroscience" was the top journal in terms of the number of citations. The theme of the highly cited articles mainly focused on the mechanism of cell death after SCI. The keyword and literature co-citation analysis mainly focused on the mode of cell death, mechanism research of cell death, and functional recovery after SCI. Conclusion: This study analyzes the research hotspots, frontiers, and development trends in the field of cell death after SCI, which is important for future studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: In this paper, we evaluated the impact of the US "Chip Act" on the participation of the Chinese electronics industry in the global value chain based on the dynamic CGE model. This is a meaningful attempt to use the GTAP-VA model to analyze the electronics industry in China. Design/methodology/approach: We employ a Dynamic GTAP-VA Model to quantitatively evaluate the economic repercussions of the "Chip Act" on the Chinese electronic industries' GVC participation from 2023 to 2040. Findings: The findings depict a discernible contraction in China's electronic sector by 2040, marked by a −2.95% change in output, a −3.50% alteration in exports and a 0.45% increment in imports. Concurrently, the U.S., EU and certain Asian economies exhibit expansions within the electronic sector, indicating a GVC realignment. The "Chip Act" implementation precipitates a significant divergence in GVC participation across different countries and industries, notably impacting the electronics sector. Research limitations/implications: Through a meticulous temporal analysis, this manuscript unveils the nuanced economic shifts within the GVC, substantially bridging the empirical void in existing literature. This narrative accentuates the profound implications of policy regulations on global trade dynamics, contributing to the discourse on international economic policy and industry evolution. Practical implications: We evaluated the impact of the US "Chip Act" on the participation of the Chinese electronics industry in the global value chain based on the dynamic CGE model. This is a meaningful attempt to use the GTAP-VA model to analyze the electronics industry in China. Social implications: The interaction between policy regulations and global value chain (GVC) dynamics is pivotal in understanding the contemporary global trade framework, especially within technology-driven sectors. The US "Chips Act" represents a significant regulatory milestone with potential ramifications on the Chinese electronic industries' engagement in the GVC. Originality/value: The significance of this paper is that it quantifies for the first time the impact of the US Chip Act on the GVC participation index of East Asian countries in the context of US-China decoupling. With careful consideration of strategic aspects, this paper substantially fills the empirical gap in the existing literature by presenting subtle economic changes within GVCs, highlighting the profound implications of policy regulation on global trade dynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bridge influence lines (BILs) and bridge influence surfaces (BISs) are inherent static parameters of bridges which can be extracted from moving vehicle-induced bridge responses. Compared with dynamic parameters, these parameters are directly related to the stiffness and internal forces in each cross-section of a bridge therefore can be considered as an effective bridge metamodel. To accelerate the engineering practice of BIL- and BIS-based bridge evaluation, this paper first briefly reviews the current BIL and BIS field test and identification methods. Then, the bridge evaluation guidelines of China and the United States are introduced as the basis of the evaluation methods. Engineering application scenarios for bridge evaluation, including permit load verification, performance degradation checking, and load carrying capacity evaluation, are summarized, and a multiple-scenario bridge evaluation method is established. At the end of this paper, an evaluation example of a four-span continuous bridge is presented to illustrate the application procedure and verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. The outcomes of this paper provide a promising application method of field test BILs and BISs, which may help bridge engineers more effectively use these parameters in engineering practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) in the field of spinal cord injury (SCI) have garnered significant attention for their potential applications in diagnosis and therapy. However, no bibliometric assessment has been conducted to evaluate the scientific progress in this area. A search of articles in Web of Science (WoS) from January 1, 1991, to May 1, 2023, yielded 359 papers that were analyzed using various online analysis tools. These articles have been cited 10,842 times with 30.2 times per paper. The number of publications experienced explosive growth starting in 2015. China and the United States led this research initiative. Keywords were divided into 3 clusters, including "Pathophysiology of SCI", "Bioactive components of EVs", and "Therapeutic effects of EVs in SCI". By integrating the average appearing year (AAY) of keywords in VoSviewer with the time zone map of the Citation Explosion in CiteSpace, the focal point of research has undergone a transformative shift. The emphasis has moved away from pathophysiological factors such as "axon", "vesicle", and "glial cell" to more mechanistic and applied domains such as "activation", "pathways", "hydrogels" and "therapy". In conclusions, institutions are expected to allocate more resources towards EVs-loaded hydrogel therapy and the utilization of innovative materials for injury mitigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Macrophages are considered an essential source of inflammatory cytokines, which play a pivotal role in the development of diabetes and its sequent complications. Therefore, a better understanding of the intersection between the development of diabetes and macrophage is of massive importance. Objectives: In this study, we performed an informative bibliometric analysis to enlighten relevant research directions, provide valuable metrics for financing decisions, and help academics to gain a quick understanding of the current macrophage-related diabetes studies knowledge domain. Methods: The Web of Science Core Collection database was used for literature retrieval and dataset export. Bibliometrix R-package was performed to conduct raw data screening, calculating, and visualizing. Results: Between 2000 and 2022, the annual publication and citation trends steadily increased. Wu Yonggui was the scholar with the most published papers in this field. The institute with the highest number of published papers was the University of Michigan. The most robust academic collaboration was observed between China and the United States of America. Diabetologia was the journal that published the most relevant publications. The author's keywords with the highest occurrences were "inflammation", "diabetic nephropathy", and "obesity". In addition, "Macrophage polarization" was the current motor topic with potential research prospects. Conclusions: These comprehensive and visualized bibliometric results summarized the significant findings in macrophage-related diabetes studies over the past 20 years. It would enlighten subsequent studies from a macro viewpoint and is also expected to strengthen investment policies in future macrophage-related diabetes studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has garnered significant attention in the past decade as a prevalent chronic liver condition. Despite a growing body of evidence implicating mitochondria in NAFLD development, comprehensive bibliometric analyses within this research domain are scarce. This study aims to provide a thorough overview of the knowledge framework and key research areas related to mitochondria in the context of NAFLD, utilizing bibliometric techniques. Methods: A comprehensive search of publications on mitochondria in NAFLD from 2000 to 2023 was conducted using the Web of Science Core Collection database. VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix" were employed for a precise assessment of the literature. Results: Examining 2530 articles from 77 countries, primarily led by the United States and China, revealed a consistent increase in publications on mitochondria's role in NAFLD. Leading research institutions include the University of Coimbra, the University of Missouri, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fudan University, and Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Notably, the International Journal of Molecular Sciences emerged as the most popular journal, and Hepatology was the most frequently cited. With contributions from 14,543 authors, Michael Roden published the highest number of papers, and A. J. Samyal was the most frequently cocited author. Key focus areas include investigating mitochondrial mechanisms impacting NAFLD and developing therapeutic strategies targeting mitochondria. Emerging research hotspots are associated with keywords such as "inflammation," "mitochondrial dysfunction," "autophagy," "obesity," and "insulin resistance." Conclusion: This study, the first comprehensive bibliometric analysis, synthesizes research trends and advancements in the role of mitochondria in NAFLD. Insights derived from this analysis illuminate current frontiers and emerging areas of interest, providing a valuable reference for scholars dedicated to mitochondrial studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land use change is the most important driving factor of terrestrial carbon stock change. Soil is the largest carbon reservoir of terrestrial ecosystems, and the impact of land use change on soil carbon sequestration is related to major issues such as the global warming process and food security. The research can provide a basis for land managers and policy makers to develop appropriate planning strategies for soil carbon sequestration management. Despite the widespread attention of relevant studies, macro reviews are still lacking. In order to objectively reveal the current situation of the research field, firstly this paper conducted a bibliometric analysis based on relevant papers in the Web of Science Core Collection database from 1985 to 2021. Secondly, we conducted a review study of land use change on soil carbon sequestration. The research results showed that: (1) the overall amount of the published literature in related fields showed an upward trend, and the development could be divided into three stages, growing slowly from 1985 to 1999, steadily from 2000 to 2009, and rapidly from 2010 to 2021. (2) From the perspective of national distribution, the published papers were mainly from the United States and China, which were much higher than those in other countries. There was mutual cooperation between research institutions in different countries and on a certain scale. (3) Since 2000, soil carbon sequestration has been more frequently mentioned in articles on land use change. Related research was mostly focused on exploring the impact of different land use types and different farming methods on soil organic carbon content in the context of global warming. Land use change and management among agricultural land, woodland, and grassland are the focus of research. The conversion of woodland to agricultural land and grassland is an important reason for the decrease in soil carbon sequestration. Corresponding management measures can be taken to improve soil carbon sequestration. Future research should use multidisciplinary technical means and methods to further explore the interaction mechanism between climate change, land use change, and soil carbon sequestration, so as to carry out more accurate prediction and assessment of different climate scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Stem cells are widely used in scientific research because of their ability to self-renew and differentiate into a variety of specialized cell types needed for body functions. However, the self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells are regulated by various stimuli, with mechanical stimulation being particularly notable due to its ability to mimic the physical environment in the body. This study systematically collected 2638 research papers published between 1994 and 2024, employing tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and GraphPad Prism to uncover research hotspots, publication trends, and collaboration networks. The results indicate a yearly increase in global research on the shear stress stimulation of stem cells, with significant contributions from the United States and China in terms of research investment and output. Future research directions include a deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying mechanical stimulation's effects on stem cell differentiation, the development of new materials and scaffold designs to better replicate the natural cellular environment, and advancements in regenerative medicine. Despite considerable progress, challenges remain in translating basic research findings into clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the impact of exchange rate changes on the trade balance of China and its major trading partners. In the past, many studies have been focussed on the linear effect of exchange rate change, but in this paper, a non-linear Autoregressive Distribution Lag (NARDL) model is proposed. Empirical results show that there are nonlinear and asymmetric effects on the trade balance of exchange rate. In particular, the effect of exchange rate appreciation on Sino-US trade balance is more significant than that of depreciation. A genuine devaluation of the domestic currency would improve the balance of the domestic trade. However, the opposite effect is found in the case of Sino-Japan and the Euro, and the depreciation of the currency will make the trade balance worse. These results provide a solid basis for understanding the relation of exchange rate variation and trade balance. In terms of economic reality, it is also a useful reference for adjusting exchange rate and commercial policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Collaborative problem-solving is a crucial skill to be developed in education. With the development of information technology, collaborative problem-solving in online environments has received increasing attention in recent years. There has been some foundation of research on computer-supported collaborative learning (CSCL) and collaborative problem-solving (CPS). They both have a focus, but there is a trend to combine them. Further understanding of the current state of research on online collaborative problem-solving is much needed. This study reviews 528 relevant papers from the last decade. The researchers summarized the current state of research and hotspots in online collaborative problem-solving based on the visual analysis of CiteSpace. It was found that the number of papers on online collaborative problem-solving is on the rise, with CPS and CSCL as the main research content and 'feature extraction', 'task analysis', and 'computation modeling' as the hot research topics in the past three years. The current research power on CPS and CSCL is mainly distributed in China and the United States, but the inter-institutional collaboration is little. Based on the research results, this paper proposes four future directions to improve the research in online collaborative problem-solving: identity awareness in online collaborative problem-solving, interdisciplinary online collaborative problem-solving, online collaborative problem-solving for teachers, and online collaborative problem-solving and ICT skills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The number of publications on acupuncture for cancer pain is increasing rapidly with an upward tendency. Considering that no bibliometric articles related to this topic have been published yet. It is necessary to evaluate the global scientific output of research in this field, and shed light on the direction of clinical cancer pain management in the future. Methods: Research publications regarding acupuncture on cancer pain from inception to 2022 were downloaded from the Web of Science Core Collection. Bibliometric analyses were performed using CiteSpace software, the bibliometrix R package, and VOSviewer software. Network maps were generated to assess the collaborations between different countries, institutions, authors, and keywords. And clusters map was generated to evaluate reference. Results: A total of 790 articles related to acupuncture therapy for cancer pain were identified. We observe that the number of publications is gradually increasing over time. China and the United States were the main contributors. Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr (38 papers) and Beijing Univ Chinese Med (28 papers) contributed the most publications, becoming the leading contributors in this field. Although J Clin Oncol (28 articles) ranked ninth in terms of publication volume, it was the journal with the most citations and the highest number of IF (50.717) and H-index (494) at the same time. MAO J from Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr was the most prolific author (23 articles). The main hot topics included matters related to acupuncture (239 times), pain (199 times), management (139 times), quality of life (107 times), electroacupuncture (100 times), and breast cancer (82 times). Conclusion: Our bibliometric analysis provides a comprehensive overview of the development of acupuncture for cancer pain, enabling relevant authors and research teams to identify the current research status in this field. At the same time, acupuncture for breast cancer (BC) pain, aromatase inhibitor-induced arthralgia (AIA), and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) may soon become prospective focus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The burden on society grows as the number of individuals with cognitive impairment rises. Numerous research have discovered a connection between cognitive impairment and the gut-brain axis, which is useful in examining the pathophysiology of cognitive impairment and potential therapeutic approaches. As a result, this article explores developments and trends in the research concerning the gut-brain axis and cognitive impairment through a bibliometric analysis of the contributions made by various countries/regions, institutions, authors, and journals. Methods: We looked for articles on gut-brain axis and cognitive impairment from 2014 to 2023 in the Web of Science Core Collection. For the descriptive analysis, figures and tables were taken using GraphPad Prism 6 and WPS Office 2024. For the visual analysis of the countries/regions, institutions, authors, and keywords, VOSviewer was utilized. Results: We obtained 458 publications from 1 January 2014 to 9 September 2023. The country with the most publications (175, 38.21%) was China. The country with the greatest total number of citations (3,138, 17.22%) was the United States of America. The highest number of articles (15, 3.26%) was issued by Zhejiang University. The most published first author is Karsas M. In this field, Nutrients have published the most articles (24). The most often occurring keywords include "Alzheimer's disease," "cognitive impairment," "gut microbiota," "inflammation," "diet," etc. "Stroke," "tau," "probiotics," "exercise," "fecal microbiota transplantation," etc. emerged later. Conclusion: An increasing amount of research has focused on the connection between cognitive impairment and the gut-brain axis. In this area, the United States of America and China have both made significant contributions. The author team's collaboration has to be improved. Our study contributes to understanding the field's current state and predicting its future trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes this shift in the relationship between China and the United States, focusing in particular on the role of American corporations in shaping US geopolitical strategies with regard to China. Once aggressive promoters of economic integration with China, these firms now defend policies designed to block the growth of Chinese firms in Western markets and protect America's lead in critical emerging technologies. The current tension between the US and China, we argue, reflects, in part, a dispute for control over technical progress in these key areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laminated composite plates have become a crucial point of interest in the industry, with the need to ensure sustained and stable structures throughout the plates' lifespan. This study conducted a bibliometric analysis using the Scopus database, gathering 8221 documents for further scrutiny based on the linked meta-data. Utilizing the VOS viewer software version 1.6.19, maps were generated from scientific publishing network data, illustrating connections between researchers' nations and keywords. The investigation into co-occurring phrases associated with laminated composite plates employed author keywords. The results reveal a significant and close relationship among top authors, suggesting a strong research connection, with the United States and China leading the field. Top cited documents and keyword correlations are examined to gauge current research interests. These critical reviews serve as essential resources for scholars and practitioners in the field. Additionally, the review discusses the advancements in and practical applications of different theories for laminated composite plates, with a focus on a bibliometric study using the Scopus database. This paper categorizes models within the context of an equivalent single-layer laminate, analyzing variations in established theories and methodologies for modeling laminated composite plates to offer a nuanced understanding of approaches and assessments in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patients undergoing chemotherapy often encounter troubling and common side effects, notably Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). This side effect not only impairs the patient's quality of life but could also result in the interruption or discontinuation of the chemotherapy treatment. Consequently, research into CINV has consistently remained a focal point in the realm of clinical medicine. In this research domain, bibliometric analysis has not been conducted. The purpose of this study is to deliver a thorough summary of the knowledge framework and key areas of interest in the field of Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, using bibliometric methods. This approach aims to furnish novel concepts and pathways for investigators working in this area. Methods: Publications focusing on Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, spanning from 2004 to 2023, were identified using the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database. Tools such as VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix" were employed for this bibliometric analysis. Results: This research covers 734 publications from 61 countries, with the United States and China being the primary contributors. There has been a significant rise in the volume of papers published in the most recent decade compared to the one before it, spanning over the past twenty years. However, the annual publication rate in the last ten years has not shown a significant upward trend. The University of Toronto, Merck & Co., Sun Yat-sen University, and Helsinn Healthcare SA emerged as the principal research institutions in this field. Supportive Care in Cancer stands out as the most frequently published and cited journal in this domain. These works are contributed by 3,917 authors, with Rudolph M Navari, Matti Aapro, Shimokawa Mototsugu, and Lee Schwartzberg being among those who have published the most. Paul J. Hesketh is notably the most co-cited author. The primary focus of this research field lies in exploring the mechanisms of CINV and the therapeutic strategies for managing it. Key emerging research hotspots are represented by terms such as "Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting," "nausea," "vomiting," "chemotherapy," and "antiemetics.". Conclusion: This represents the inaugural bibliometric study to thoroughly outline the research trends and advancements in the field of CINV. It highlights the latest research frontiers and trending directions, offering valuable insights for scholars engaged in studying CINV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Obesity is associated with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). We aimed to elucidate the research status and explore research trends and future directions of research on obesity and PCOS. Methods: A bibliometric analysis of the published papers in the field of obesity and PCOS between 2012 and 2022 was conducted on the basis of the Web of Science Core Collection database. The collaboration networks, research trends, literature sources, citation analysis, co-citation analysis, and keywords analysis were statistically analyzed and visualized using the VOSviewer software. Results: We retrieved 2843 records from 681 journals by 12307 authors from 2942 institutes in 99 countries. The number of published papers and citations had a roughly increasing trend annually. The United States and China contributed the majority of the records. Monash University, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Karolinska Institute, University of São Paulo, and Tehran University of Medical Sciences were the biggest nodes in their cluster of the collaboration network map, and Moran LJ, Teede HJ, Joham AE, Escobar-Morreale HF, and Macut D were prolific authors. Research trends and hotspots were identified and visualized in the field of obesity and PCOS. Research hotspots in this field focused on insulin resistance (IR), metabolic syndrome, metformin, and inflammation. Bariatric surgery, mitochondrial dysfunction, binding globulins, and comorbidities may be the frontiers of future research. Conclusions: We concluded the research status and trends in the field of obesity and PCOS. A better understanding of collaboration patterns, research hotspots, and frontiers may be useful for researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Accelerating economic globalization is a major driver of the transfer of embodied pollutant emissions from trade. China and the United States are currently the largest importers and exporters of agricultural products, respectively, and are also major producers and consumers of these products. This paper aims to analyze and compare the patterns of embodied agricultural carbon emissions (ACE) in the two countries, which is crucial for understanding how trade influences the transfer of such emissions. In this study, we calculated the embodied ACE of China and the United States from the perspectives of production and consumption for the years 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, 2010, and 2016 by establishing a multi-regional input–output (MRIO) model. Additionally, we employed the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) decomposition method to analyze the driving factors behind the changes in embodied ACE over time. The findings indicated that the embodied ACE associated with imports and exports in China and the United States followed a pattern of increase and subsequent decrease during the period 1970–2016, with net imports escalating from −18.79 million tons and −3.62 million tons to 40.35 million tons and 51.22 million tons, respectively. This study identified two main factors contributing to the reduction in embodied ACE in both countries: the declining intensity of embodied ACE per unit of traded products and the diminishing proportion of the primary industry. The growth in GDP per capita, population expansion, and an increase in the proportion of agricultural products in international trade are predicted to promote an increase in embodied ACE imports and exports in both countries. This paper advocates for the reduction of embodied ACE through the continuous promotion of research and application of energy-saving and emission-reduction technologies, an optimized industrial structure, and the implementation of relevant energy-saving and emission-reduction policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This bibliographic article on Drought and Water Level examined the relationship between organizations, nations, institutions, authors, references, and publishers. It examined 742 papers from Web of Science at the Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology's. The total annual publication volume of articles was increased steadily from 2012 to 2021, with China and the United States ranking first and second in terms of publication volume and citations but in quality Switzerland and England were top-level. Institutional-partnership analyses indicated disparities in network density and connections, with the Chinese Academy of Sciences (2012) receiving the highest citations and degrees. The document co-citation analysis (DCA) network was created to improve understanding of the frequency and amplitude of bursts of various publications in separate clusters. The most cited work was J Hydrol (2012), with 302 citations. The analytical tool from CiteSpace collected high-frequency keywords and performed co-occurrence, grouping, and emerging word recognition. Gorges Dam is the most crowded cluster, followed by drought stress. The greatest burst duration and most significant phrase is reservoir (2019), followed by "water quality," which has a 5 year burst period. Estuaries perform important functions such as water purification and coastal. "Reservoir, water quality, restoration, phytoplankton, temperature, wetland, time series, diversity and carbon dioxide" are the most important terms, while "climate change, drought, water level, impact, growth, variability, response, dynamics, management and model" are the most frequently used keywords. In terms of citations, references, and academic influence, Zhang Q. (2012), the R Core team (2014), and Jappen E. (2015) were the top three contributors. Cook, ER (2013), and Allen, R.G. (2019) ranked first and second in terms of frequency, respectively. In this review work, significant information gaps were discovered in the areas of microbiological dynamics, environmental variables, fen peat incubation, lake water, drought risk reduction, biological ecology, lake acidification, salinity variations, and attribution. Future researchers should focus on these and similar topics, while Chinese and USA authors should concentrate on article quality rather than publishing numbers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study uses a content analysis method to systematically review 83 research papers from 2002-2018 to explore consumer-to-consumer (C2C) e-commerce research trends. The findings of this study indicate that (1) C2C e-commerce is discussed and investigated in many disciplines, but mainly published in e-commerce journals; (2) studies on C2C e-commerce increasingly focus on diverse topics, but concentrate on regions such as China and the United States; (3) the focus of academic collaboration has shifted from domestic to international collaboration, and collaboration within the same institution. However, collaboration is scarce across different study teams; (4) the data-driven approach is the main approach used in studies on C2C e-commerce; (5) while the number of recent C2C e-commerce studies adopted theories is increasing, few have developed theoretical frameworks or models. Finally, study implications and future study suggestions are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the contemporary era, the strategic rivalry between the United States and China is increasingly manifesting itself in the economic domain, leading to concerns about potential economic warfare. This paper delves into the concept of economic war within the context of the U.S.-China strategic competition, examining the various tactics employed, the implications for global trade and investment, and the potential paths forward. Economic warfare refers to the strategic use of economic measures, such as trade barriers, sanctions, subsidies, and other policy tools, to gain an advantage over a competitor. The U.S. and China, being the world's two largest economies, have engaged in a range of economic actions aimed at weakening the other's economic power while strengthening their own. The U.S. has employed tactics such as tariffs, blacklisting Chinese technology companies, and initiating a trade war, citing concerns over unfair Chinese trade practices. China, on the other hand, has pursued strategies like subsidizing domestic industries and promoting indigenous innovation. This economic competition has far-reaching implications for global trade and investment flows, as well as for multinational corporations operating in both markets. Additionally, it raises concerns about potential unintended consequences and the risk of escalation. The paper explores the nuances of this economic rivalry, highlighting the complexities and interdependencies between the two economies. It concludes by offering insights into potential paths forward, emphasizing the importance of dialogue, cooperation, and finding a balance between competition and collaboration in the pursuit of mutual economic interests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Context: Anaplastic thyroid cancer (ATC) is a relatively rare and extensively malignant kind of thyroid carcinoma. The poor prognosis and high mortality rate of ATC can be attributed to its invasive features and undifferentiated phenotype. At present, there is a lack of efficacious therapeutic options. In light of the elevated fatality rate, it is vital to possess a comprehensive comprehension of the scientific terrain pertaining to ATC. To gather the perspectives of different researchers about the topic of ATC treatment, we did a bibliometric network analysis, which offers a comprehensive view of the scholarly literature. Methodology: A systematic search was conducted on the WoSCC database to identify publications pertaining to ATC treatment between the years 2000 and 2023. In this bibliometric investigation, the tools VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix" were employed to investigate the general attributes, developmental framework, and academic frontiers of the subject matter. Results: 1223 publications in total, written by 6937 scholars from 53 areas and 1402 institutions and published in 358 scholarly journals, were analyzed. There has been a gradual increase in the quantity of publications pertaining to ATC treatment. The United States and China emerged as the most prominent nations. The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center and Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Counseling Center are prominent research institutions in highly productive countries. The journal Thyroid holds a prominent position within its discipline, being widely recognized as both the most popular and highly co-cited publication. According to the available data, Maria Cabanillas has authored the highest number of published articles, while RC Smallridge has received the highest number of co-citations. It turned out that the prevailing keywords encompassed expression, therapy, apoptosis, survival, activation, proliferation, metastasis, and other related terms. Immunotherapy, targeted therapy, and prognostic factors are the emerging research hotspots and trends. Conclusions: This paper presents a complete overview of research trends and advancements in the treatment of ATC using bibliometric analysis. The acquisition of information will offer vital insights for funding and potential creative strategies in researching the treatment of ATC, which indicates the research frontiers as well as prevalent directions in recent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In today's rapid economic development, trade exchanges between countries are increasingly close, and there are inevitable trade frictions that follow as a consequence. The World Trade Organization (WTO) dispute settlement mechanism (DSM) has become a predominant choice to deal with trade frictions for majority of the WTO member states. As part of the process of applying the Sino-US trade friction to the WTO DSM, the rise of US trade protectionism has caused serious damage to the WTO DSM. Also, the DSM similarly exposes its own inherent defects. Hence, the research on improvement of the WTO DSM under the background of trade friction has profound practical value. Based on this background, this paper proposes a framework for the effective evaluation of WTO DSM based on the artificial neural network. The contributions of the paper include the following: (1) Introduction of domestic and foreign scholars' research on different issues in the WTO DSM, wherein the retaliation mechanism is introduced in detail. Also, it is conducive for further deepening of the purpose and significance of the retaliation system in the WTO DSM. (2) The characteristics and structure of the CNN are introduced, and a suitable evaluation system for analyzing the impact of WTO DSM is constructed. Further, an evaluation model based on the CNN is proposed. (3) As per the dimension principle of CNN interlayer calculation, the network structure parameters are selected considering an optimal comprehensive evaluation index of the network. The results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, when compared with the other state-of-the-art network models, it is found that CNN generates the highest evaluation accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The US global leadership in science and technology has greatly benefitted from immigrants from other countries, most notably from China in the recent decades. However, feeling the pressure of potential federal investigations since the 2018 launch of the China Initiative, scientists of Chinese descent in the United States now face higher incentives to leave the United States and lower incentives to apply for federal grants. Analyzing data pertaining to institutional affiliations of more than 200 million scientific papers, we find a steady increase in the return migration of scientists of Chinese descent from the United States to China. We also conducted a survey of scientists of Chinese descent employed by US universities in tenured or tenure- track positions (n = 1,304), with results revealing general feelings of fear and anxiety that lead them to consider leaving the United States and/or stop applying for federal grants. If the situation is not corrected, American science will likely suffer the loss of scientific talent to China and other countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The US-China chip war is becoming more intense as both countries understand the significance of semiconductors for their economic security and national defense. As a result of nationalist and unilateral actions taken by the US and China under the chip war, other Asian economic powerhouses are reassessing their semiconductor strategies, leading to new opportunities for semiconductor partnerships in Asia among middle powers. South Korea, a leading semiconductor power in Asia, is facing critical challenges amid the chip war, that, in turn, resulted in reshaping its trade and overseas production strategies that are heavily reliant on China. To maintain its semiconductor dominance and ensure economic security, Korea is adopting new approaches such as export and production diversification. In the meantime, India, amid the ongoing US-China tech war, is also seeking to construct a resilient supply chain and decrease its reliance on China for imports. In the process, New Delhi is looking to develop its semiconductor industry and build chip ties with like-minded countries in production and workforce development. This opens up significant prospects for Korea-India semiconductor partnerships. This paper proposes three areas where Korea and India could collaborate: semiconductor trade partnerships, semiconductor production partnerships, and semiconductor workforce collaboration. By doing so, it highlights how the US-China chip war is creating new opportunities for other Asian economic powerhouses to collaborate in the semiconductor industry. This paper also provides insights for policymakers to set a new agenda for India-Korea partnerships as both countries celebrate the 50th anniversary of their diplomatic ties in 2023. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Research on exosomes in metabolic diseases has been gaining attention, but a comprehensive and objective report on the current state of research is lacking. This study aimed to conduct a bibliometric analysis of publications on "exosomes in metabolic diseases" to analyze the current status and trends of research using visualization methods. Methods: The web of science core collection was searched for publications on exosomes in metabolic diseases from 2007 to 2022. Three software packages, VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and R package "bibliometrix" were used for the bibliometric analysis. Results: A total of 532 papers were analyzed, authored by 29,705 researchers from 46 countries/regions and 923 institutions, published in 310 academic journals. The number of publications related to exosomes in metabolic diseases is gradually increasing. China and the United States were the most productive countries, while Ciber Centro de Investigacion Biomedica en Red was the most active institution. The International Journal of Molecular Sciences published the most relevant studies, and Plos One received the most citations. Khalyfa, Abdelnaby published the most papers and Thery, C was the most cited. The ten most co-cited references were considered as the knowledge base. After analysis, the most common keywords were microRNAs, biomarkers, insulin resistance, expression, and obesity. Applying basic research related on exosomes in metabolic diseases to clinical diagnosis and treatment is a research hotspot and trend. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive summary of research trends and developments in exosomes in metabolic diseases through bibliometrics. The information points out the research frontiers and hot directions in recent years and will provide a reference for researchers in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Cervical carcinoma is a type of malignant tumor that primarily develops in the cervix, the lower part of the uterus. In recent years, Despite the considerable progress made in immunotherapy research for cervical carcinoma, an important aspect has been largely overlooked - the absence of a comprehensive bibliometric analysis in this field. By employing bibliometric techniques, this study aims to fill this gap and provide a comprehensive overview of the knowledge structure and research hotspots within the realm of immunotherapy in cervical carcinoma. Method: A comprehensive search was conducted on the web of science core collection(WoSCC) database to identify publications related to immunotherapy specifically for the treatment of cervical carcinoma. The search spanned the period from the year 2000 to 2023. Several analytical tools were employed. These included VOSviewers, CiteSpace, and the R package "bibliometrix". Results: A total of 654 research articles from 66 different countries have been included in the analysis. The United States and China have emerged as the leading countries in publishing research on immunotherapy in cervical carcinoma. Leiden University and Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from the Netherlands and the United States respectively have a close cooperation. Fudan University from China and the German Cancer Research Center are also among the key institutions leading research in this area. Frontiers in Oncology has emerged as the most popular and widely recognized publication in the field of immunotherapy in cervical carcinoma. Journal of Clinical Oncology is frequently cited by researchers in this area. Van Der Burg, Sjoerd H has published the highest number of papers. Tewari, Krishnansu S has been the most co-cited author. Keywords such as PD-L1, chemotherapy, and immune checkpoint inhibitors have gained significant attention in recent years. Conclusion: This is the first bibliometric study that comprehensively summarizes the research trends and developments of immunotherapy in cervical carcinoma. This groundbreaking study not only summarizes the current research trends and developments in immunotherapy for cervical carcinoma but also provides a reference for scholars studying the treatment of cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With its multilayered complexities, Taiwan is not just a contentious issue but a potential flashpoint for war between China and the United States (US). Since 1949, Taiwan’s politics has oscillated between its unique status of UNSC’s permanent membership and veto power to its present status of de facto sovereignty. Despite losing its UN membership in 1971, Taiwan maintains a de facto sovereign status, which can lead to conflict at any moment. China, the US, and Taiwan maintain conflicting views over the future status and resolution of the Taiwan issue. Taiwanese prefer independent and separate identity. China demands Taiwan’s reunification with the mainland. The US pursues an unclear policy of whether, in case of aggression from China on Taiwan, the US would defend Taiwan or not. While there has been relative peace, China’s rapid rise, Taiwan’s preference against unification, declining US deterrence, and ongoing Sino-US major power rivalry increase the likelihood of forceful unification. The US policy of “Strategic Ambiguity”—an acknowledgement of the One-China policy and commitment to Taiwan’s defence—further exacerbates the risk of war over Taiwan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fire risk assessment is a crucial step in effective fire control, playing an important role in reducing fire losses. It has remained a significant topic in the field of fire safety. To explore the research hotspots and frontier trends in fire risk assessment and to understand its macroscopic development trajectory, a sample of 1596 papers from 1976 to 2023, extracted from the Web of Science (WoS) database, was utilized to create a knowledge map. The study employed bibliometric methods, visual analysis, and content analysis to uncover the research pulse and hotspots in the field, offering insights into its future development. The findings indicate that research in fire risk assessment has demonstrated continuous growth over the past 50 years. China and the United States are the dominant research forces in the field, while India and Australia show potential as new drivers for development. Expert groups have formed in this field, with intra-institutional cooperation being the primary focus, while inter-institutional collaboration remains limited. The research outcomes exhibit multidisciplinary crossovers, exerting a significant impact on various disciplinary domains. The research hotspots primarily revolve around investigating fire and explosion accidents, assessing the vulnerability of fire subjects, and identifying potential fire hazards. The application of artificial intelligence technology is identified as a pivotal tool for future development. However, to achieve substantial progress, it is important to enhance the importance accorded to fire risk assessment, foster multinational and cross-institutional cooperation, and prioritize research innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers motor, sensory, and autonomic impairments that adversely damage patients' quality of life. Its pathophysiological processes include inflammation, oxidative stress, and apoptosis, although existing treatment options have little success. Macrophages have a vital function in controlling inflammation in SCI, with their M1-type and M2-type macrophages dominating early inflammatory effects and late brain tissue repair and regeneration, respectively. However, there is a dearth of rigorous bibliometric study in this sector to explore its dynamics and trends. This study intends to examine the current status and trends of macrophage usage in SCI using bibliometric methodologies, which may drive novel therapeutic options. Methods: In this study, the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) was utilized to collect publications and reviews on macrophages in SCI from 2002 to 2023. Bibliometrics and visualization analyses were performed by VOSviewer, CiteSpace, the R package "bibliometrix", and online analytic platforms. These analyses covered a variety of aspects, including countries and institutions, authors and co-cited authors, journals and co-cited journals, subject categories, co-cited references, and keyword co-occurrences, in order to provide insights into the research trends and hotspots in this field. Results: 1,775 papers were included in the study, comprising 1,528 articles and 247 reviews. Our research analysis demonstrates that the number of relevant studies in this sector is expanding, specifically the number of publications in the United States and China has risen dramatically. However, there are fewer collaborations between institutions in different nations, and international cooperation needs to be reinforced. Among them, Popovich PG became the leader in the field, and significant journals include Experimental Neurology, Journal of Neurotrauma, and Journal of Neuroscience. Research hotspots involve macrophage polarization, microglia, astrocytes, signaling, cytokines, inflammation, and neuroprotection. Conclusions: This analysis gives, for the first time, a comprehensive overview of bibliometric studies on macrophages in SCI over the past 20 years. This study not only gives an extensive picture of the knowledge structure but also indicates trends in the subject. The systematic summarization gives a complete and intuitive understanding of the link between spinal cord damage and macrophages and provides a great reference for future related studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines how APEC has transformed itself into an international forum for the vision of regional integration. It aims to quantify the documentation produced by the international organization and provide quantifiable evidence that aligns with prior knowledge rather than relying solely on intuition. For this purpose, I use various text mining techniques to extract multi-dimensional features from the text of APEC Leaders' Declarations from 1993 to 2023. In terms of interest and expectations for APEC as a forum, it is found that members have experienced two major peaks and troughs over the last three decades. It is found that the change point coincides with the Asian financial crisis of 1997 and the tensions between the United States and China since 2017. To explore more various aspects of economic integration in the Asia-Pacific region, this study also considers how consistently APEC has been an international forum for addressing issues, which members are active, and how members have clustered based on their views of APEC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper critically examines China's national security review regime of foreign investment and compares it with that of the United States. Over the years, China has gradually established a comprehensive legal framework for national security review of foreign investment. Recent efforts were made to refine the public enforcement mechanism of the review in tandem with a new "pre-establishment national treatment plus negative list" system under the 2020 Foreign Investment Law. The United States also enacted the Foreign Investment Risk Review Modernization Act of 2018 to enhance its national security review regime. By analyzing the law and practices of China and the United States, this paper finds that the national security review regimes of the two jurisdictions have functional convergences despite some formal divergences caused by diverse political-economy landscapes. Their functional convergences are highlighted by China's local practices, such as the de-facto national security screening in the name of anti-monopoly review. There are many factors affecting China's national security review regime for foreign investment, including the ongoing (and escalating) US-China competition (or conflict) at the international level and the evolution of state or party capitalism at the domestic level. These research findings will not only contribute to the existing comparative law scholarship but also benefit multinational enterprises that seek to enter Chinese and the US markets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the increasing number of studies on nanomedicine-based cancer immunotherapy, the overall research trends in this field remain inadequately characterized. This study aims to evaluate the research trends and hotspots in nanomedicine-based cancer immunotherapy through a bibliometric analysis. As of March 31, 2024, relevant publications were retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. Analytical tools including VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and an online bibliometric analysis platform were employed. A total of 5,180 publications were analyzed. The study reveals geographical disparities in research output, with China and the United States being the leading contributors. Institutionally, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, and Sichuan University are prominent contributors. Authorship analysis identifies key researchers, with Liu Zhuang being the most prolific author. "ACS Nano" and the "Journal of Controlled Release and Biomaterials" are identified as the leading journals in the field. Frequently occurring keywords include "cancer immunotherapy" and "drug delivery." Emerging frontiers in the field, such as "mRNA vaccine," "sonodynamic therapy," "oral squamous cell carcinoma," "STING pathway,"and "cGAS-STING pathway," are experiencing rapid growth. This study aims to provide new insights to advance scientific research and clinical applications in nanomedicine-based cancer immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malignant tumors of the digestive system pose a serious threat to human health due to their highly malignant nature. Depression, as the most common psychiatric symptom of digestive system tumors, has attracted much attention regarding its potential relationship with these tumors. A thorough investigation into the connection between digestive system tumors and depression is extremely important for strengthening patients' quality of life and treatment outcomes. Methods: From 2014 to 2023, we conducted a literature search using specific keywords in the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) and performed visual analysis of the selected literature using Microsoft Excel, CiteSpace, and VOSviewer software. In this study, we analyzed countries, institutions, authors, journals, and keywords. Results: A total of 384 research articles on the relationship between digestive system tumors and depression were identified. The number of publications showed a gradual increase over time. In terms of disciplinary distribution, Oncology, Health Care Sciences Services, and Medicine General Internal ranked top in terms of publication volume. In terms of geographical distribution, China and the United States were the countries contributing the most publications. Additionally, Maastricht University contributed the most publications. Regarding authors, Beekman, Aartjan T.F. and Dekker, Joost had the highest number of publications, while Zigmond, A.S. had the most citations. It is worth mentioning that Supportive Care in Cancer was the journal with the most publications in this field. In terms of keyword analysis, research mainly focused on mechanisms and treatment strategies related to the relationship between digestive system tumors and depression. Conclusion: The relationship between digestive system tumors and depression has become a new research hotspot in recent years, offering new directions for future research. This research reveals novel perspectives on comprehending the connection between the two, which can guide future research and practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In recent years, with the rapid advancement of fundamental ultrasonography research, the application of ultrasound in disease treatment has progressively increased. An increasing body of research indicates that microbubbles serve not only as contrast agents but also in conjunction with ultrasound, enhancing cavitation effects and facilitating targeted drug delivery, thereby augmenting therapeutic efficacy. The objective of this study is to explore the current status and prevailing research trends in this field from 2009 to 2023 through bibliometric analysis and to forecast future developmental trajectories. Methods: We selected the Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-Expanded) from the Web of Science Core Collection (WOSCC) as our primary data source. On 19 January 2024, we conducted a comprehensive search encompassing all articles and reviews published between 2009 and 2023 and utilized the bibliometric online analysis platform, CiteSpace and VOSviewer software to analyze countries/regions, institutions, authors, keywords, and references, used Microsoft Excel 2021 to visualize the trends of the number of articles published by year. Results: Between 1 January 2009, and 31 December 2023, 3,326 publications on ultrasound combined with microbubble therapy technology were included. There were a total of 2,846 articles (85.6%) and 480 reviews (14.4%) from 13,062 scholars in 68 countries/regions published in 782 journals. China and the United States emerged as the primary contributors in this domain. In terms of publication output and global institutional collaboration, the University of Toronto in Canada has made the most significant contribution to this field. Professor Kullervo Hynynen has achieved remarkable accomplishments in this area. Ultrasound in Medicine and Biology is at the core of the publishing of research on ultrasound combined with microbubble therapy technology. Keywords such as "sonodynamic therapy," "oxygen," "loaded microbubbles" and "Alzheimer's disease" indicate emerging trends in the field and hold the potential to evolve into significant areas of future investigation. Conclusion: This study provides a summary of the key contributions of ultrasound combined with microbubble therapy to the field's development over the past 15 years and delves into the historical underpinnings and contemporary trends of ultrasound combined with microbubble therapy technology, providing valuable guidance for researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To identify the cooperation and impact of authors, countries, institutions, and journals, evaluate the knowledge base, find the hotspot trends, and detect the emerging topics regarding ferroptosis research. Methods: The articles and reviews related to ferroptosis were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection on November 1, 2020. Two scientometric software (CiteSpace 5.7 and VOSviewer 1.6.15) were used to perform bibliometric and knowledge-map analysis. Results: A total of 1,267 papers were included, in 466 academic journals by 6,867 authors in 438 institutions from 61 countries/regions. The ferroptosis-related publications were increasing rapidly. Cell Death & Disease published the most papers on ferroptosis, while Cell was the top co-cited journal, publication journals and co-cited journals were major in the molecular and biology fields. The United States and China were the most productive countries; meanwhile, the University of Pittsburgh, Columbia University and Guangzhou Medical University were the most active institutions. Brent R Stockwell published the most papers, while Scott J Dixon had the most co-citations; simultaneously, active cooperation existed in ferroptosis researchers. Ten references on reviews, mechanisms, and diseases were regarded as the knowledge base. Five main aspects of ferroptosis research included regulation mechanisms, nervous system injury, cancer, relationships with other types of cell death, and lipid peroxidation. The latest hotspots were nanoparticle, cancer therapy, iron metabolism, and in-depth mechanism. Notably Nrf2 might have turning significance. The emerging topics on ferroptosis research were the further molecular mechanism of ferroptosis and the wider application of ferroptosis-related disease with advanced technology. Conclusion: This study performed a full overview of the ferroptosis research using bibliometric and visual methods. The information would provide helpful references for scholars focusing on ferroptosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]