This paper exposes a theoretical approach proposal for the analysis of social inequalities through the notions of socialization and subjective experience, from a comprehensive sociology and Schutz's phenomenological perspective. The intention is to emphasize the subjective dimension in the phenomenon of inequality, which refers to the naturalization that occurs through the mental categories that we use to look at and build the social world, and that results in an aspect that strongly adds to structural conditioning of this problem. In particular, it is proposed to study this phenomenon in the context of high school, since it represents a particular period of life in which teenagers appropriate identity categories and in relation to the social order in which they operate. The results, from this approach, propose to rescue the role of the educational institution in the subjective incorporation of this problem, and, with it, address school practices and their objective effects on the lives of students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]