25 results on '"Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally"'
Search Results
2. The Mathematical Modeling, Diffusivity, Energy, and Enviro-Economic Analysis (MD3E) of an Automatic Solar Dryer for Drying Date Fruits.
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Metwally, Khaled A., Oraiath, Awad Ali Tayoush, Elzein, I. M., El-Messery, Tamer M., Nyambe, Claude, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Abdeen, Mohamed Anwer, Telba, Ahmad A., Khaled, Usama, Beroual, Abderrahmane, and Elwakeel, Abdallah Elshawadfy
- Abstract
Date fruit drying is a process that consumes a significant amount of energy due to the long duration required for drying. To better understand how moisture flows through the fruit during drying and to speed up this process, drying studies must be conducted in conjunction with mathematical modeling, energy analysis, and environmental economic analysis. In this study, twelve thin-layer mathematical models were designed utilizing experimental data for three different date fruit varieties (Sakkoti, Malkabii, and Gondaila) and two solar drying systems (automated solar dryer and open-air dryer). These models were then validated using statistical analysis. The drying period for the date fruit varieties varied between 9 and 10 days for the automated solar dryer and 14 to 15 days for open-air drying. The moisture diffusivity coefficient values, determined using Fick's second law of diffusion model, ranged from 7.14 × 10
−12 m2 /s to 2.17 × 10−11 m2 /s. Among the twelve thin-layer mathematical models, we chose the best thin drying model based on a higher R2 and lower χ2 and RMSE. The Two-term and Modified Page III models delivered the best moisture ratio projections for date fruit dried in an open-air dryer. For date fruit dried in an automated solar dryer, the Two-term Exponential, Newton (Lewis), Approximation diffusion or Diffusion Method, and Two-term Exponential modeling provided the best moisture ratio projections. The energy and environmental study found that the particular amount of energy used varied from 17.936 to 22.746 kWh/kg, the energy payback time was 7.54 to 7.71 years, and the net CO2 mitigation throughout the lifespan ranged from 8.55 to 8.80 tons. Furthermore, economic research showed that the automated solar dryer's payback period would be 2.476 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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3. Applications of Kepler Algorithm-Based Controller for DC Chopper: Towards Stabilizing Wind Driven PMSGs under Nonstandard Voltages.
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Atia, Basiony Shehata, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Elzein, I. M., Mohamed Abdel-Rahim, Abdel-Moamen, Alkuhayli, Abdulaziz, Khaled, Usama, Beroual, Abderrahmane, and Shaaban, Salma Abdelaal
- Abstract
An optimization technique, the Kepler optimizer (KO), is presented to enable permanent magnet synchronous wind generators (PMSWG) to run safely under faults and to accomplish the goal of low-carbon efficient power delivery and sustainable development. Utility companies are struggling, which is preventing the increase in wind penetration, in spite of the grid incorporation of PMSWG. One of these undisputed concerns is the grid-side voltage dip (VD) and swell (VS) at the PCC. Converters and DCL capacitors are particularly vulnerable to PCC nonstandard voltages because of an imbalance in the DCL input–output powers. Because of this, it is essential to provide WF-GCs to support grid operations, and developing techniques to realize FRTCs has become a crucial GC need. Installing an industrial braking chopper (BC) across the DCL is the suggested technique, due to its effectiveness and low price. In addition, a new KO-based control system for BC is used to enhance its effectiveness. Four situations were examined to assess and analyze the proposed control system regarding the transient response of the system. These situations exposed the investigated system to an irregular grid condition: without BC, with BC controlled by a hysteresis controller, and with BC controlled by KO-based PI (proposed) at (a) 100% VD, (b) 70% VD, (c) 30% VD, and (d) 20% VS. To verify the advantages and efficacy of the suggested control systems in the examined circumstances, MATLAB/SIMULINK was utilized. The simulation findings confirmed the feasibility of the suggested system as a whole and the control structures in suppression of all parameter transient changes, while also achieving FRTC. Furthermore, maintaining a steady DCL voltage serves as an advantage that would lengthen the electrical converters' lifetime and shorten the time that the unit would be turned off if it happens to fail. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. A new automatic sugarcane seed cutting machine based on internet of things technology and RGB color sensor.
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Yang, Liu, Nasrat, Loai S., Badawy, Mohamed E., Mbadjoun Wapet, Daniel Eutyche, Ourapi, Manar A., El-Messery, Tamer M., Aleksandrova, Irina, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Hussein, Mahmoud M., and Elwakeel, Abdallah E.
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CUTTING machines ,INTERNET of things ,AUTOMATIC identification ,SEEDS ,SUGARCANE ,SCANNING systems - Abstract
Egypt is among the world's largest producers of sugarcane. This crop is of great economic importance in the country, as it serves as a primary source of sugar, a vital strategic material. The pre-cutting planting mode is the most used technique for cultivating sugarcane in Egypt. However, this method is plagued by several issues that adversely affect the quality of the crop. A proposed solution to these problems is the implementation of a sugarcane-seed-cutting device, which incorporates automatic identification technology for optimal efficiency. The aim is to enhance the cutting quality and efficiency of the pre-cutting planting mode of sugarcane. The developed machine consists of a feeding system, a node scanning and detection system, a node cutting system, a sugarcane seed counting and monitoring system, and a control system. The current research aims to study the pulse widths (PW) of three-color channels (R, G, and B) of the RGB color sensors under laboratory conditions. The output PW of red, green, and blue channel values were recorded at three color types for hand-colored nodes [black, red, and blue], three speeds of the feeding system [7.5 m/min, 5 m/min, and 4.3 m/min], three installing heights of the RGB color sensors [2.0 cm, 3.0 cm, and 4.0 cm], and three widths of the colored line [10.0 mm, 7.0 mm, and 3.0 mm]. The laboratory test results s to identify hand-colored sugarcane nodes showed that the recognition rate ranged from 95% to 100% and the average scanning time ranged from 1.0 s to 1.75 s. The capacity of the developed machine ranged up to 1200 seeds per hour. The highest performance of the developed machine was 100% when using hand-colored sugarcane stalks with a 10 mm blue color line and installing the RGB color sensor at 2.0 cm in height, as well as increasing the speed of the feeding system to 7.5 m/min. The use of IoT and RGB color sensors has made it possible to get analytical indicators like those achieved with other automatic systems for cutting sugar cane seeds without requiring the use of computers or expensive, fast industrial cameras for image processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Enhancing electric vehicle charging performance through series-series topology resonance-coupled wireless power transfer.
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Benalia, Nadir, Benlaloui, Idriss, Laroussi, Kouider, Elkhateb, Ahmad, Mbadjoun Wapet, Daniel Eutyche, Hassan, Ammar M., and Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally
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WIRELESS power transmission ,ELECTRIC charge ,ELECTRIC vehicles ,ELECTRIC currents ,MUTUAL inductance ,MAGNETIC shielding ,MAGNETIC fields - Abstract
The current electric vehicles (EVs) market is experiencing significant expansion, underscoring the need to address challenges associated with the limited driving range of EVs. A primary focus in this context is the improvement of the wireless charging process. To contribute to this research area, this study introduces a circular spiral coil design that incorporates transceiver coils. First, an in-depth analysis is conducted using Ansys Maxwell software to assess the effectiveness of the proposed solution through the magnetic field distribution, inductance properties, and mutual inductance between receiver and transmitter coils. In the next step, a direct shielding technique is applied, integrating a ferrite core bar to reduce power leakage and enhance power transmission efficiency. The ferrite magnetic shielding guides magnetic field lines, resulting in a significant reduction in flux leakage and improved power transmission. Lastly, a magnetic resonance series (SS) compensation wireless system is developed to achieve high coupling efficiency and superior performance. The system's effectiveness is evaluated through co-simulation using Ansys Simplorer software. The results confirm the effectiveness of the proposed solution, showing its ability to transmit 3.6 kilowatts with a success rate approaching 99%. This contribution significantly advances the development of wireless charging systems for electric vehicles, addressing concerns and promoting global adoption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. A Techno-Economic-Environmental Feasibility Study of Residential Solar Photovoltaic/Biomass Power Generation for Rural Electrification: A Real Case Study.
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Kassem, Rasha, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Ibrahim, Nagwa F., Alkuhayli, Abdulaziz, Khaled, Usama, Beroual, Abderrahmane, and Saleeb, Hedra
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To avert climate change, there has been a rise in the usage of green energy sources that are also beneficial to the environment. To generate sustainable energy in a financially and technically efficient manner, our research attempts to close the gaps. The potential of green sources like photovoltaic (PV) and biomass for a rural community southwest of Sohag Al Gadida City, Sohag, Egypt, is examined in this research considering its techno-economic (TE) and eco-friendly feasibility. The HOMER Pro v3.14 package is used as a scaling and optimization instrument, to calculate the price of the PV/biomass setup and the size and characteristics of its parts. This is to estimate the corresponding electrical production and reduce the total annual cost for the customer. The suggested system structure is validated through the presentation of simulation outcomes and evaluations utilizing MATLAB/SIMULINK R2022a. In addition, a TE-environmental investigation of the optimized PV/biomass structure is performed. The optimum structure is carefully chosen from the best four configurations using the demand predilection by analogy to the perfect technique based on the generation cost, operation cost, energy production, and renewable fraction. The results also indicate that using hybrid PV/biomass is an attractive choice with the initial capital cost (ICC: USD 8.144), net present cost (NPC: USD 11,026), a low cost of energy (LCOE: 0.184 USD/kWh), and the high renewable fraction (RF: 99.9%) of the system. The annual CO
2 emission performance of a PV/biomass system is much better than that of the grid alone and PV/diesel. This method might be applied in rural areas in other developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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7. Optimal controller design for reactor core power stabilization in a pressurized water reactor: Applications of gold rush algorithm.
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Abdelfattah, H, Esmail, M, kotb, Said A., Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Hussein, Hany S., Mbadjoun Wapet, Daniel Eutyche, Omar, Ahmed I., and Ewais, Ahmed M.
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NUCLEAR reactor cores ,PRESSURIZED water reactors ,OPTIMIZATION algorithms ,CONTROL elements (Nuclear reactors) ,NUCLEAR energy ,RENEWABLE energy transition (Government policy) - Abstract
Nuclear energy (NE) is seen as a reliable choice for ensuring the security of the world's energy supply, and it has only lately begun to be advocated as a strategy for reducing climate change in order to meet low-carbon energy transition goals. To achieve flexible operation across a wide operating range when it participates in peak regulation in the power systems, the pressurised water reactor (PWR) NE systems must overcome the nonlinearity problem induced by the substantial variation. In light of this viewpoint, the objective of this work is to evaluate the reactor core (main component) of the NE system via different recent optimization techniques. The PWR, which is the most common form, is the reactor under investigation. For controlling the movement of control rods that correspond with reactivity for power regulation the PWR, PID controller is employed. This study presents a dynamic model of the PWR, which includes the reactor core, the upper and lower plenums, and the piping that connects the reactor core to the steam alternator is analyzed and investigated. The PWR dynamic model is controlled by a PID controller optimized by the gold rush optimizer (GRO) built on the integration of the time-weighted square error performance indicator. Additionally, to exhibit the efficacy of the presented GRO, the dragonfly approach, Arithmetic algorithm, and planet optimization algorithm are used to adjust the PID controller parameters. Furthermore, a comparison among the optimized PID gains with the applied algorithms shows great accuracy, efficacy, and effectiveness of the proposed GRO. MATLAB\ Simulink program is used to model and simulate the system components and the applied algorithms. The simulation findings demonstrate that the suggested optimized PID control strategy has superior efficiency and resilience in terms of less overshoot and settling time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. Extended Kalman Filter design for sensorless sliding mode predictive control of induction motors without weighting factor: An experimental investigation.
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Chebaani, Mohamed, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Tazay, Ahmad F., Mosaad, Mohamed I., and Nouraldin, Noura A.
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SLIDING mode control , *INDUCTION motors , *KALMAN filtering , *TORQUE control , *REACTIVE flow , *DC-AC converters - Abstract
Due to their simplicity, cheapness, and ease of maintenance, induction motors (IMs) are the most widely used motors in the industry. However, if they are not properly controlled, the load torque and motor speed will fluctuate in an unsatisfactory fashion. To effectively control the load torque and speed of these IMs, it is necessary to use specialized drives. The entire system (IMs + Drives) will experience uncertainty, nonlinearities, and disruptions, which calls for an outstanding performance control structure. The sensorless sliding mode predictive torque control (SSM-PTC) for both AC-DC converter and DC-AC inverter, which are utilized for feeding the IM, is investigated in this work. The AC-DC converter is controlled using the SSM-PTC method in order to follow the DC-link reference voltage throughout any changes in the operating point of the IM. While the DC-AC inverter is controlled using a sensorless predictive power control (SPPC). Within a unity power factor, this SPPC regulates the reactive power flow between the motor and the supply to account for the undesirable harmonic components of the grid current. In addition, an experimental performance improvement of SSM-PTC of IM supplied by a 5-leg AC-DC-AC power converter using extended Kalman filter (EKF) without weighting factor (WF) is also studied in this work. Design and implantation of the suggested control systems are performed using a dSPACE 1104 card. The experimental results of the proposed converter control demonstrate that the suggested approach effectively regulated the DC link, reducing load torque and speed fluctuations. In the context of inverter control, a prompt active power response yields a motor current waveform that resembles a sinusoidal pattern, exhibiting minimal levels of harmonic distortion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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9. A new adaptive MPPT technique using an improved INC algorithm supported by fuzzy self-tuning controller for a grid-linked photovoltaic system.
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Ibrahim, Nagwa F., Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Alnami, Hashim, Mbadjoun Wapet, Daniel Eutyche, Ardjoun, Sid Ahmed El Mehdi, Mosaad, Mohamed I., Hassan, Ammar M., and Abdelfattah, H.
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PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems , *SELF-tuning controllers , *MAXIMUM power point trackers , *FUZZY algorithms , *RENEWABLE natural resources , *SOLAR energy , *PID controllers - Abstract
Solar energy, a prominent renewable resource, relies on photovoltaic systems (PVS) to capture energy efficiently. The challenge lies in maximizing power generation, which fluctuates due to changing environmental conditions like irradiance and temperature. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) techniques have been developed to optimize PVS output. Among these, the incremental conductance (INC) method is widely recognized. However, adapting INC to varying environmental conditions remains a challenge. This study introduces an innovative approach to adaptive MPPT for grid-connected PVS, enhancing classical INC by integrating a PID controller updated through a fuzzy self-tuning controller (INC-FST). INC-FST dynamically regulates the boost converter signal, connecting the PVS's DC output to the grid-connected inverter. A comprehensive evaluation, comparing the proposed adaptive MPPT technique (INC-FST) with conventional MPPT methods such as INC, Perturb & Observe (P&O), and INC Fuzzy Logic (INC-FL), was conducted. Metrics assessed include current, voltage, efficiency, power, and DC bus voltage under different climate scenarios. The proposed MPPT-INC-FST algorithm demonstrated superior efficiency, achieving 99.80%, 99.76%, and 99.73% for three distinct climate scenarios. Furthermore, the comparative analysis highlighted its precision in terms of control indices, minimizing overshoot, reducing rise time, and maximizing PVS power output. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. Advanced load frequency control of microgrid using a bat algorithm supported by a balloon effect identifier in the presence of photovoltaic power source.
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Ewias, Ahmed M., Hakmi, Sultan H., Mohamed, Tarek Hassan, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Eid, Ahmad, Abdelaziz, Almoataz Y., and Dahab, Yasser Ahmed
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MICROGRIDS ,CLEAN energy ,SOFT computing ,FREQUENCY stability ,ALGORITHMS ,MAXIMUM power point trackers ,ARTIFICIAL pancreases - Abstract
Due to the unpredictability of the majority of green energy sources (GESs), particularly in microgrids (μGs), frequency deviations are unavoidable. These factors include solar irradiance, wind disturbances, and parametric uncertainty, all of which have a substantial impact on the system's frequency. An adaptive load frequency control (LFC) method for power systems is suggested in this paper to mitigate the aforementioned issues. For engineering challenges, soft computing methods like the bat algorithm (BA), where it proves its effectiveness in different applications, consistently produce positive outcomes, so it is used to address the LFC issue. For online gain tuning, an integral controller using an artificial BA is utilized, and this control method is supported by a modification known as the balloon effect (BE) identifier. Stability and robustness of analysis of the suggested BA+BE scheme is investigated. The system with the proposed adaptive frequency controller is evaluated in the case of step/random load demand. In addition, high penetrations of photovoltaic (PV) sources are considered. The standard integral controller and Jaya+BE, two more optimization techniques, have been compared with the suggested BA+BE strategy. According to the results of the MATLAB simulation, the suggested technique (BA+BE) has a significant advantage over other techniques in terms of maintaining frequency stability in the presence of step/random disturbances and PV source. The suggested method successfully keeps the frequency steady over I and Jaya+BE by 61.5% and 31.25%, respectively. In order to validate the MATLAB simulation results, real-time simulation tests are given utilizing a PC and a QUARC pid_e data acquisition card. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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11. Design and Implementation of a PV-Integrated Solar Dryer Based on Internet of Things and Date Fruit Quality Monitoring and Control.
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Elwakeel, Abdallah Elshawadfy, Wapet, Daniel Eutyche Mbadjoun, Mahmoud, Wael Abou El-magd, Abdallah, Said Elshahat, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Ardjoun, Sid Ahmed El Mehdi, and Tantawy, Aml Abubakr
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FRUIT drying ,DATES (Fruit) ,SOLAR dryers ,ONLINE dating ,FRUIT quality ,QUALITY control - Abstract
In Egypt, the climate has a direct impact on the dried date fruit production. The traditional drying method or open sun drying (OSD) leads to pollution of the final product caused by sand-laden winds, rain, or animals and harmful insects, etc. This study is aimed at designing, implementing, and experimentally validating a solar dryer based on IoT technology and integrated with a PV system in Aswan, Egypt. The purpose of the dryer is to monitor and control the quality of the three most popular date fruit varieties and determine the most effective drying method, with an algorithm that operates the system automatically for optimal performance and high-quality products. The automatic solar dryer (ASD) significantly affects the final moisture content and color characteristics and reaches the equilibrium moisture content (EMC) at a faster rate for dried date samples compared to the OSD. The drying rate of ASD was 29.03% (Sakkoti), 31.04% (Malkabi), and 25.49% (Gondaila) higher than OSD. Also, the dried date fruit samples reached EMC on the ASD after 8 days for both Malkabi and Gondaila and 9 days for Sakkoti, while it took 14 to 15 days on OSD. The maximum open circuit voltage V oc , short circuit current I sc , and output power P output were 41.70 V, 8.84 A, and 365.09 W, respectively. All values of total color change ( Δ E ∗ ) after open-air drying of dry date varieties were higher than solar drying for both drying systems. This study can be then more helpful for producers of dried foods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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12. Multiport Converter Utility Interface with a High-Frequency Link for Interfacing Clean Energy Sources (PV\Wind\Fuel Cell) and Battery to the Power System: Application of the HHA Algorithm.
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Ibrahim, Nagwa F., Ardjoun, Sid Ahmed El Mehdi, Alharbi, Mohammed, Alkuhayli, Abdulaziz, Abuagreb, Mohamed, Khaled, Usama, and Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally
- Abstract
The integration of clean energy sources (CESs) into modern power systems has been studied using various power converter topologies. The challenges of integrating various CESs are facilitated by the proper design of multi-port power converter (MPPC) architecture. In this study, a brand-new two-stage MPPC is suggested as a solution to the intermittent nature and slow response (SR) of CESs. The suggested system combines a DC\DC and a DC\AC converter and storage unit, and the suggested circuit additionally incorporates a number of CESs (PV\wind\fuel cell (FC)). This article discusses the power management and control technique for an integrated four-port MPPC that links three input ports (PV, wind, and FC), a bidirectional battery port, and an isolated output port. One of the recent optimization techniques (Harris Hawk's algorithm) is applied to optimize the system's controller gains. By intelligently combining CESs with complementary characteristics, the adverse effects of intermittency are significantly mitigated, leading to an overall enhancement in system resilience and efficiency. Furthermore, integrating CESs with storage units not only addresses SR challenges but also effectively combats intermittent energy supply. The proposed system exhibits improved dynamic capabilities, allowing it to efficiently distribute excess energy to the load or absorb surplus energy from external sources. This dual functionality not only optimizes system operation but also contributes to a reduction in system size and cost, concurrently enhancing reliability. A comprehensive investigation into operational principles and meticulous design considerations are provided, elucidating the intricate mechanics of the suggested MPPC system. Employing MATLAB/Simulink, the proposed architecture and its control mechanisms undergo rigorous evaluation, affirming the feasibility and efficacy of this innovative system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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13. Regulation of multi-area power system load frequency in presence of V2G scheme.
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Hussein, Mahmoud M., Mohamed, Tarek Hassan, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Aljohania, Mansour, Mosaad, Mohamed I., and Hassan, Ammar M.
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PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems ,IMPACT loads ,ELECTRIC vehicle charging stations ,ELECTRIC power - Abstract
The integration of renewable sources (RSs) and the widespread deployment of electric vehicles (EVs) has transitioned from a luxury to a necessity in modern power systems. This results from the sharp increase in electric power demand and public awareness of switching to green energy. However, in addition to load fluctuations and changes in system parameters, these RSs and EVs negatively impact the load frequency (LF). This work presents a LF control for a modern multi-area power system incorporating photovoltaic (PV) and EV chargers. The proposed controller primarily utilizes EV chargers within modern power systems. This approach offers the advantage of using the already present components instead of introducing new ones. The proposed controller comprises the ecological optimization approach (ECO) and the integral controller (I). Both of these components are designed for autonomous vehicle-to-grid (V2G) devices. The proposed control technique is applied to a three-area power system, where the V2G scheme is located in Area-1. Variations in the load, PV power generated, and system parameters are considered to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed (I+ECO+V2G) controller for controlling the LF. To assess the performance of the proposed I+ECO+V2G system, a comparative analysis is conducted to compare its performance with both the I+ECO system and the standard I-controller. The simulation findings demonstrate that implementing the I+ECO and the proposed I+ECO+V2G strategies results in enhanced system stability and decreased LF fluctuations compared to the conventional I-control approach. Furthermore, while comparing the I+ECO control technique to the suggested control strategy I+ECO+V2G, it was seen that the latter reaches steady state values more quickly. The results validate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed controller in mitigating the impacts of load disturbances, uncertainties, and nonlinearities within the system. These simulations were performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK. To validate the outcomes of the simulation results, an experimental setup consisting of a real-time dSPACE DS1103 connected to another PC via QUARC pid_e data acquisition card was used. The experimental findings have substantiated the accuracy of the simulation findings about the superiority of the I+ECO+V2G methodology compared to both the I+ECO and I-control methodologies concerning system performance and LF control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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14. Enhancing the Functionality of a Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System in a Distant Egyptian Region Using an Optimized Dynamic Voltage Restorer: Application of Artificial Rabbits Optimization.
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Ibrahim, Nagwa F., Alkuhayli, Abdulaziz, Beroual, Abderrahmane, Khaled, Usama, and Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally
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PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems ,VOLTAGE ,ELECTRIC power distribution grids ,MATHEMATICAL optimization ,PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation ,FAULT currents - Abstract
Photovoltaic (PV) systems are crucial to the production of electricity for a newly established community in Egypt, especially in grid-tied systems. Power quality (PQ) issues appear as a result of PV connection with the power grid (PG). PQ problems cause the PG to experience faults and harmonics, which affect consumers. A series compensator dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) is the most affordable option for resolving the abovementioned PQ problems. To address PQ difficulties, this paper describes a grid-tied PV combined with a DVR that uses a rotating dq reference frame (dqRF) controller. The main goal of this study is to apply and construct an effective PI controller for a DVR to mitigate PQ problems. The artificial rabbits optimization (ARO) is used to obtain the best tune of the PI controller. The obtained results are compared with five optimization techniques (L-SHADE, CMAES, WOA, PSO, and GWO) to show its impact and effectiveness. Additionally, Lyapunov's function is used to analyze and evaluate the proposed controller stability. Also, a mathematical analysis of the investigated PV, boost converter, and rotating dqRF control is performed. Two fault test scenarios are examined to confirm the efficacy of the suggested control approach. The parameters' (voltage, current, and power) waveforms for the suggested system are improved, and the system is kept running continuously under fault periods, which improves the performance of the system. Moreover, the findings demonstrate that the presented design successfully keeps the voltage at the required level with low THD% values at the load side according to the IEEE standards and displays a clear enhancement in voltage waveforms. The MATLAB/SIMULINK software is used to confirm the proposed system's performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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15. Design and analysis of photovoltaic/wind operations at MPPT for hydrogen production using a PEM electrolyzer: Towards innovations in green technology.
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Awad, Mohamed, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Elbarbary, Z. M. S., Mohamed Ali, Loai, Fahmy, Shazly Nasser, and Omar, Ahmed I.
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HYDROGEN production , *GREEN technology , *INTERSTITIAL hydrogen generation , *PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems , *POLYMERIC membranes , *POLYELECTROLYTES - Abstract
In recent times, renewable energy systems (RESs) such as Photovoltaic (PV) and wind turbine (WT) are being employed to produce hydrogen. This paper aims to compare the efficiency and performance of PV and WT as sources of RESs to power polymer electrolyte membrane electrolyzer (PEMEL) under different conditions. The study assessed the input/output power of PV and WT, the efficiency of the MPPT controller, the calculation of the green hydrogen production rate, and the efficiency of each system separately. The study analyzed variable irradiance from 600 to 1000 W/m2 for a PV system and a fixed temperature of 25°C, while for the WT system, it considered variable wind speed from 10 to 14 m/s and zero fixed pitch angle. The study demonstrated that the applied controllers were effective, fast, low computational, and highly accurate. The obtained results showed that WT produces twice the PEMEL capacity, while the PV system is designed to be equal to the PEMEL capacity. The study serves as a reference for designing PV or WT to feed an electrolyzer. The MATLAB program validated the proposed configurations with their control schemes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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16. Experimental Investigation of Different Extraction Methods for Producing Biofuel from Jatropha Seeds and Castor Seeds.
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Khalaf, Mohammed, Abdel-Fadeel, Waleed, Hashish, H. M. Abu, Wapet, Daniel Eutyche Mbadjoun, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Elhady, Salama Abd, and Esmail, Mohamed F. C.
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JATROPHA ,SEEDS ,BIOMASS energy ,FOSSIL fuels ,CASTOR oil ,OILSEEDS ,DIESEL fuels ,SOIL heating - Abstract
While energy production is highly dependent on fossil fuels, which consider the main source of global warming, biofuels would play a significant impact in diminishing such warming. In this paper, biooils were extracted from inedible seeds (Jatropha and Castor) using different continuous devices (solvents, screw presses, and hydraulic press-machines), aiming to achieve the highest oil's yield of improved extraction properties at reduced time and energy. A wide range of engine speeds of 35, 60, 85, 110, and 135 rpm and preheating temperatures of 100, 125, 150, 175, 200, and 250°C were extensively studied to find their impact on the extraction properties. Results proved the ability of the screw press machine to extract the highest biooil yields from Jatropha and castor seeds. The optimum yield of Jatropha and castor were achieved at an extraction temperature range of 150-175°C at a motor speed of 135 rpm and a temperature range of 200-250°C at a motor speed of 35 rpm, respectively. Noteworthy, the yield of extracted castor oil is potentially solidified at low temperatures <100°C, leading oil samples to become like a dough. In contrast, lowering the temperatures of the Jatropha seeds improved the physical and chemical properties of the extracted oil. At a certain temperature (e.g., 100°C), the properties of both extracted and diesel oils are quite similar, which can be used directly in diesel engines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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17. Application of Whale Optimization Algorithm Based FOPI Controllers for STATCOM and UPQC to Mitigate Harmonics and Voltage Instability in Modern Distribution Power Grids.
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Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Atia, Basiony Shehata, Esmail, Yahia M., Ardjoun, Sid Ahmed El Mehdi, Anwer, Noha, Omar, Ahmed I., Alsaif, Faisal, Alsulamy, Sager, and Mohamed, Shazly A.
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METAHEURISTIC algorithms , *ELECTRIC power distribution grids , *VOLTAGE , *RELIABILITY in engineering , *HARMONIC distortion (Physics) , *RENEWABLE energy sources - Abstract
In recent modern power systems, the number of renewable energy systems (RESs) and nonlinear loads have become more prevalent. When these systems are connected to the electricity grid, they may face new difficulties and issues such as harmonics and non-standard voltage. The proposed study suggests the application of a whale optimization algorithm (WOA) based on a fractional-order proportional-integral controller (FOPIC) for unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) and STATCOM tools. These operate best with the help of their improved control system, to increase the system's reliability and fast dynamic response, and to decrease the total harmonic distortion (THD) for enhancing the power quality (PQ). In this article, three different configurations are studied and assessed, namely: (C1) WOA-based FOPIC for UPQC, (C2) WOA-based FOPIC for STATCOM, and (C3) system without FACTS, i.e., base case, to mitigate the mentioned drawbacks. C3 is also considered as a base case to highlight the main benefits of C1 and C2 in improving the PQ by reducing the %THD of the voltage and current system and improving the systems' voltage waveforms. With C2, voltage fluctuation is decreased by 98%, but it nearly disappears in C1 during normal conditions. Additionally, during the fault period, voltage distortion is reduced by 95% and 100% with C2 and C1, respectively. Furthermore, when comparing C1 to C2 and C3 under regular conditions, the percentage reduction in THD is remarkable. In addition, C1 eliminates the need for voltage sag, and harmonic and current harmonic detectors, and it helps to streamline the control approach and boost control precision. The modeling and simulation of the prepared system are performed by MATLAB/Simulink. Finally, it can be concluded that the acquired results are very interesting and helpful in the recovery to the steady state of wind systems and nonlinear loads, thereby increasing their grid connection capabilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Adaptive frequency control in smart microgrid using controlled loads supported by real-time implementation.
- Author
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Ewais, Ahmed M., Elnoby, Ahmed M., Mohamed, Tarek Hassan, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Qudaih, Yaser, and Hassan, Ammar M.
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ADAPTIVE control systems ,MICROGRIDS ,FREQUENCIES of oscillating systems ,ELECTRICAL load ,IMPACT loads - Abstract
The operation of the system's frequency can be strongly impacted by load change, solar irradiation, wind disturbance, and system parametric uncertainty. In this paper, the application of an adaptive controller based on a hybrid Jaya-Balloon optimizer (JBO) for frequency oscillation mitigation in a single area smart μG system is studied. The proposed adaptive control approach is applied to control the flexible loads such as HPs and EVs by using the JBO which efficiently controls the system frequency. The suggested technique uses the power balance equation to provide a dynamic output feedback controller. The main target is to regulate the frequency and power of an islanded single area μG powered by a PV and a diesel generator with integrations of smart bidirectional loads (HPs and EVs) that are controlled by the proposed adaptive controller in presence of electrical random loads. Moreover, the JBO is designed to minimize the effect of the system load disturbance and parameter variations. For a better assessment, the proposed controller using JBO technique is compared with two other methods which are the coefficient diagram method (CDM) and adaptive one using classical the Jaya technique. In the obtained results, the frequency deviation is found as 0.0015 Hz, which is fully acceptable and in the range of the IEEE standards. The MATLAB simulation results reveal that the suggested technique has a substantial advantage over other techniques in terms of frequency stability in the face of concurrent disturbances and parameter uncertainties. The real-time simulation tests are presented using a dSPACE DS1103 connected to another PC via QUARC pid_e data acquisition card and confirmed the MATLAB simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Modeling, Simulation, and Experimental Validation of a Novel MPPT for Hybrid Renewable Sources Integrated with UPQC: An Application of Jellyfish Search Optimizer.
- Author
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Elmetwaly, Ahmed Hussain, Younis, Ramy Adel, Abdelsalam, Abdelazeem Abdallah, Omar, Ahmed Ibrahim, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Alsaif, Faisal, El-Shahat, Adel, and Saad, Mohamed Attya
- Abstract
Changes in climatic circumstances, as well as intermittency, which has a significant impact on the overall energy system output from renewable energy sources (RESs), require the development of control strategies for extracting the maximum power available from RESs. To accomplish this task, several techniques have been developed. An efficient maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique should be utilized to guarantee that both wind-generation and PV-generation systems provide their full advantages. In this paper, a new MPPT approach with jellyfish search optimization (JSO) is developed; in addition, a unified power-quality conditioner (UPQC) is utilized to enhance the performance of the microgrid (MG) and to solve the power-quality issues for the sensitive load. The MG, which includes a photovoltaic (PV), a wind turbine, and a fuel cell battery, is examined and modeled for uniform and nonuniform wind speed and solar irradiance. A comparison between the developed algorithm and different maximum power tracking algorithms is presented. Additionally, four case studies are carried out to verify the effectiveness of the introduced UPQC in enhancing power-quality problems. The research outcome shows high performance from the developed algorithm when assessed with additional algorithms. MATLAB/Simulink software is utilized for the simulation of the wind, PV, and FC control systems. However, experiment validation tests are given under the same condition of PV irradiation to validate the simulation results. The experimental validation is executed by utilizing the PV module simulation model, threefold, 23 V/2A CO3208-1A with solar altitude emulator CO3208-1B board, and the results are compared to the simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Integration of Wind Systems with SVC and STATCOM during Various Events to Achieve FRT Capability and Voltage Stability: Towards the Reliability of Modern Power Systems.
- Author
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Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Salama, Hossam S., Bajaj, Mohit, Aly, Mohamed M., Vokony, Istvan, Bukhari, Syed Sabir Hussain, Wapet, Daniel Eutyche Mbadjoun, and Abdel-Rahim, Abdel-Moamen M.
- Subjects
- *
VOLTAGE regulators , *SYSTEM integration , *WIND power , *STATIC VAR compensators , *SYNCHRONOUS capacitors , *WIND speed , *REACTIVE power - Abstract
FACTS tools in modern power systems provide a vital solution to the problems of voltage deviation and fault ride-through (FRT) capability in electrical power systems especially during the integration of wind power. Many distinct journals highlight that the wind-driven squirrel cage generator (SCIG) still accounts for around 15% of operating wind generators so far. To enhance voltage stability and FRT capacity, this paper recommends a cost-effective static VAR compensator (SVC) which has a size rating of six MVAR, and this improves the efficiency of the electrical power system. Different events are considered in this study such as high turbulent wind speed, low turbulent wind speed, unsymmetrical faults, and symmetrical faults to validate the suggested option. Moreover, the suggested solution is compared with the static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) and a fixed capacitor to ensure that during the studied wind speed profiles and faults, voltage stability, reactive power consumption, and FRT capability are realized. An overall comparison among them is performed under all studied scenarios to summarize their benefits and impacts. The simulated results show the effectiveness and superiority of SVC in improving the operation of an integrated wind system based on a grid-linked SCIG and the performance of the power system. The modeling of SCIG, SVC, and STATCOM is designed by MATLAB/Simulink toolbox. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Performance Enhancement of an Islanded Microgrid with the Support of Electrical Vehicle and STATCOM Systems.
- Author
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Kamel, Omar Makram, Diab, Ahmed A. Zaki, Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Al-Sumaiti, Ameena Saad, and Sultan, Hamdy M.
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MICROGRIDS ,ELECTRIC power distribution grids ,RENEWABLE energy sources ,STOCHASTIC systems ,ENERGY storage - Abstract
Modern electrical power systems now require the spread of microgrids (MG), where they would be operating in either islanded mode or grid-connected mode. An inherent mismatch between loads and sources is introduced by changeable high renewable share in an islanded MG system with stochastic load demands. The system frequency is directly impacted by this mismatch, which can be alleviated by incorporating cutting-edge energy storage technologies and FACTS tools. The investigated islanded MG system components are wind farm, solar PV, Electric vehicles (EVs), loads, DSTATCOM, and diesel power generator. An aggregated EVs model is connected to the MG during uncertain periods of the generation of renewable energy (PV and wind) to support the performance of MGs. The ability to support ancillary services from the EVs is checked. DSTATCOM is used to provide voltage stability for the MG during congestion situations. The MG is studied in three scenarios: the first scenario MG without EVs and DSTATCOM, the second scenario MG without DSTATCOM, and the third scenario MG with all components. These scenarios are addressed to show the role of EVs and DSTATCOM, and the results in the third scenario are the best. The system voltage and frequency profile is the best in the last scenario and is entirely satisfactory and under the range of the IEEE standard. The obtained results show that both EVs and DSTATCOM are important units for improving the stability of modern power grids. The Matlab/Simulink program is considered for checking and validating the dynamic performance of the proposed configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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22. Application of a Novel Synergetic Control for Optimal Power Extraction of a Small-Scale Wind Generation System with Variable Loads and Wind Speeds.
- Author
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Boudjemai, Hamza, Ardjoun, Sid Ahmed El Mehdi, Chafouk, Houcine, Denai, Mouloud, Elbarbary, Z. M. Salem, Omar, Ahmed I., and Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally
- Subjects
WIND speed ,WIND pressure ,MAXIMUM power point trackers ,PERMANENT magnet generators ,ELECTRICAL load ,POWER electronics ,RURAL electrification ,WIND power - Abstract
The synergetic control technique (SCT) has the solution for understanding the symmetry inherent in the non-linear properties of wind turbines (WTs); therefore, they achieve excellent performance and enhance the operation of the WT. Small-scale WTs are efficient and cost-effective; they are usually installed close to where the generated electricity is used. This technology is gaining popularity worldwide for off-grid electricity generation, such as in rural homes, farms, small factories, and commercial properties. To enhance the efficiency of the WT, it is vital to operate the WT at its maximum power. This work proposes an efficient and fast maximum power point tracking (MPPT) technique based on the SCT to eradicate the drawbacks of the conventional methods and enhance the operation of the WT at the MPP regardless of wind speed and load changes. The SCT has advantages, such as robustness, simplified design, fast response, no requirement for knowledge of WT characteristics, no need for wind sensors or intricate power electronics, and straightforward implementation. Furthermore, it improves speed convergence with minimal steady-state oscillations at the MPP. The investigated configuration involves a wind-driven permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG), uncontrolled rectifier, boost converter, and variable load. The two converters are used to integrate the PMSG with the load. Three scenarios (step changes in wind speed, stochastic changes in wind speed, and variable electrical load) are studied to assess the SCT. The results prove a high performance of the suggested MPPT control method for a fast convergence speed, boosted WT efficacy, low oscillation levels, and applicability under a variety of environmental situations. This work used the MATLAB/Simulink program and was then implemented on a dSPACE 1104 control board to assess the efficacy of the SCT. Furthermore, experimental validation on a 1 kW Darrieus-type WT driving a PMSG was performed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Evaluation and Comparison of Different Methods for Improving Fault Ride-Through Capability in Grid-Tied Permanent Magnet Synchronous Wind Generators.
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Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Atia, Basiony S., Esmail, Yahia M., Bajaj, Mohit, Mbadjoun Wapet, Daniel Eutyche, Ratib, Mohamed Khalid, Biplob Hossain, Md., AboRas, Kareem M., and Abdel-Rahim, Abdel-Moamen M.
- Subjects
- *
SYNCHRONOUS generators , *ELECTROMAGNETS , *PERMANENT magnets , *PERMANENT magnet generators , *ENERGY industries - Abstract
Several advantages make wind-driven permanent magnet synchronous generators (PMSGs) very promising in the wind energy market, especially their fault ride-through capabilities. With the high penetration levels of today, both the grid and wind power (WP) systems are being affected by each other. Due to grid faults, the DC-bus in PMSG systems typically experiences overvoltage, which can negatively affect the generator parameters and trip the system. However, advancements in power electronics, control systems, fault limiters, FACTS, and energy storage technology make it possible to find and design satisfactory solutions and approaches. The most recent FRTC-improving techniques are mainly modified or external techniques based on controllers in PMSG-based WP. This paper evaluates the in-depth schemes of FRTC, introducing the underlying theory and traits of the different approaches to highlight the advantages and drawbacks of each. Five scenarios of DC-link voltage under zero-grid voltage are carried out by using the MATLAB SIMULINK program to assess the FRTC methods. This study shows that external device-based approaches can be efficient, but some of them are expensive, thus updated controller methods are recommended to cut costs. Research findings of this study are expected to support the deployment of FRTC technologies, as well as provide valuable input into WP research on grid integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Dynamic Performance Assessment of PMSG and DFIG-Based WECS with the Support of Manta Ray Foraging Optimizer Considering MPPT, Pitch Control, and FRT Capability Issues.
- Author
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Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Atia, Basiony Shehata, Abdelaziz, Almoataz Y., and Aldin, Noura A. Nour
- Subjects
MOBULIDAE ,PERMANENT magnet generators ,INDUCTION generators ,WIND speed ,RENEWABLE energy sources - Abstract
Wind generators have attracted a lot of attention in the realm of renewable energy systems, but they are vulnerable to harsh environmental conditions and grid faults. The influence of the manta ray foraging optimizer (MRFO) on the dynamic performance of the two commonly used variable speed wind generators (VSWGs), called the permanent magnet synchronous generator (PMSG) and doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG), is investigated in this research article. The PMSG and DFIG were exposed to identical wind speed changes depending on their wind turbine characteristics, as well as a dangerous three-phase fault, to evaluate the durability of MRFO-based wind side controllers. To protect VSWGs from hazardous gusts and obtain the optimum power from incoming wind speeds, we utilized a pitch angle controller and optimal torque controller, respectively, in our study. During faults, the commonly utilized industrial approach (crowbar system) was exclusively employed to aid the studied VSWGs in achieving fault ride-through (FRT) capability and control of the DC link voltage. Furthermore, an MRFO-based PI controller was used to develop a crowbar system. The modeling of PMSG, DFIG, and MRFO was performed using the MATLAB/Simulink toolbox. We compared performances of PMSG and DFIG in reference tracking and resilience against changes in system parameters under regular and irregular circumstances. The effectiveness and reliability of the optimized controllers in mitigating the adverse impacts of faults and wind gusts were demonstrated by the simulation results. Without considering the exterior circuit of VSWGs or modifying the original architecture, MRFO-PI controllers in the presence of a crowbar system may help cost-effectively alleviate FRT concerns for both studied VSWGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Voltage Quality Enhancement of Low-Voltage Smart Distribution System Using Robust and Optimized DVR Controllers: Application of the Harris Hawks Algorithm.
- Author
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Mahmoud, Mohamed Metwally, Esmail, Yahia M., Atia, Basiony Shehata, Kamel, Omar Makram, AboRas, Kareem M., Bajaj, Mohit, Hussain Bukhari, Syed Sabir, and Mbadjoun Wapet, Daniel Eutyche
- Subjects
- *
VOLTAGE , *PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems , *ALGORITHMS , *SMART homes , *LYAPUNOV functions - Abstract
The voltage quality (VQ) index has become a significant measure of recent power system stability. The integration of photovoltaic (PV) systems plus smart home loads (SHLs) at low voltage levels (LVLs) has resulted in various issues such as harmonics rise and voltage instabilities as a result of faults and systems nonlinearity. In this work, a dynamic voltage resistor (DVR) is implemented to enhance VQ, and its dynamic performance hinges on its control system ability. To enhance the DVR's control system, for surpassing nonstandard voltage with a quick response and harmonics reduction at LVL under harsh operating events, an optimal controller design using the Harris Hawks algorithm (HHA) is proposed. To verify the value of the suggested solution, the hard operating events (voltage sag, voltage swell, fluctuating voltage, and imbalanced voltage) are examined and assessed. To show the effectiveness of the HHA technique, a comparison of the % total harmonic distortion (THD) reductions achieved by the suggested and conventional controllers of DVR is conducted for the scenarios under study. Moreover, the suggested controller stability is analyzed and assessed using Lyapunov's function. The benefits of the optimized controller system are inferred from the results, including their robustness, simplicity, efficient harmonic rejection, minimal tracking error, quick response, and sinusoidal reference track. The results of the simulation show that the DVR's optimized controller is efficient and effective in maintaining a voltage at the needed level with low THD, safeguarding the sensitive load as expected, and showing a noticeable improvement in voltage waveforms. The mathematical modeling of HHA, PV system, DVR, and SHLs are all verified using MATLAB\Simulink. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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