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An optimized color‐reflective LCD with high optical performances and cost‐effective structure has been proposed by association with cholesteric liquid crystal technology. By way of a color dithering algorithm, the cholesteric liquid crystal display (Ch‐LCD) can visualize a 24‐bit RGB color pixel and display over 16 million colors. Moreover, the waveform module (WF) is applied to emulate the display timing controller, which is a lowcost and more accessible way to drive the Ch‐LCD. In this paper, we demonstrated a 13.3‐inch passive matrix (PM) driven Ch‐LCD with a high resolution of 202 PPI, high reflectance of 30%, and high color gamut of 20%, which is suitable for electronic signage applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dual screen e‐Paper is expected to be useful when creating documents using reference documents. This study evaluated performances of referencing conditions using paper, e‐Paper, and LCD and suggested that the working conditions using dual screen e‐Paper brought almost the same performance as the working conditions using paper as a reference. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The local backlight dimming (LBD) technology has attracted significant interest for liquid crystal displays. In automotive, notebook PC, and virtual reality applications, LBD should treat the trade‐off between power saving and visual quality enhancement. However, it requires the cost of the high logic complexity to consider the optimal solution at a higher resolution of the image. This paper proposes the adaptive local backlight dimming control, which can reduce the power consumption of backlight and improve the quality of the display. The proposed method analyzes an image contents with a low complexity algorithm, and it applies a local boosting to achieve a target intensity in backlight control. In performance evaluation using FPGA test system, the designed local dimming processor achieved 7.54% higher power‐saving rate with visual quality enhancement in high‐contrast region. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) capable of efficiently harvesting various mechanical energies from the environment are an effective way to solve the energy supply problem of wearable electronic devices. A series of flexible and lightweight TENGs with different surface morphologies of "dots"–"lines"–"honeycombs" hierarchical micro-structures are developed using low-cost and easily accessible background paper as a substrate. Polydimethylsiloxane films with dots–lines–honeycombs hierarchical micro-structures are prepared by the spin coating to obtain larger contact areas and, thus, enhance the triboelectric effect. Under the same test conditions, the honeycombs TENG (H-TENG) with complex surface morphology has the largest output performance with an open-circuit voltage of 55 V and a short-circuit current of 2.7 μA, which is 2.1 and 2.5 times that of the flat TENG, respectively. By combining with nylon gloves, the H-TENG can harvest the mechanical energy during hand movement and realize sensing of hand movement patterns through the difference of electrical signals. In addition, this device can power the liquid crystal display screen through a rectifier circuit and capacitor. This simple and efficient TENG device shows great potential in the wearable field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reflective liquid crystal displays are attracting attention as portable information systems because of zero- or extremely low power consumption. In this study, we deal with an electrode-free reflective liquid crystal cell, where image formation is achieved by coating one of the substrates with optically active azo dye thin film. To describe reflective characteristics of the cell, we develop a simulation model based on a continuum theory with the successive solution of the Maxwell equations for light propagating in anisotropic liquid crystal media. Computation of reflective characteristics was carried out by using the 8 × 8 transfer matrix method, which is the solution of Maxwell equations. By changing boundary conditions, we have obtained different reflectance coefficients (from ~0.03 to 0.43), and the corresponding chromatic colours were generated. Our results were obtained by using the modelling and optimisation system MOUSE-LCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presented intelligent display technologies integrated in the 55‐inch 4K LCD cell based on a‐Si process. Adaptive adjustment of backlight brightness and optimization of LC response time were achieved utilizing the ALS and TS integration. By using the novel GOA architecture and TCON IC, dynamic local refresh at any position and with different refresh rate at different area on panel were achieved. The power consumption of GOA and data drivers can be reduced by up to 50% respectively. This technology provides hardware foundation for the realization of AI intelligent display. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electronic ink (E‐ink) displays have become increasingly popular in e‐books due to their paper‐like appearance, readability in direct sunlight, low power consumption, and flexible sizing. However, the slow switching speed of bistable LCDs and E‐ink limits their ability to play animations. This paper proposes a novel method for fabricating fast‐ switching bistable liquid crystal displays capable of playing animations. The research is based on a new type of bistable LCD technology that achieves lower driving voltages than existing E‐ink displays. The research team has significant experience developing bistable displays and has invented many new technologies in their laboratory. The proposed technology combines the benefits of bistable displays with the ability to play animations, a significant advancement in display technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, LCD end‐users are putting forward higher and higher requirements for dynamic picture display realism. With the increase of display panel refresh rate, dynamic picture fidelity has a significant improvement. The extremely high refresh rate has become one of the most important indicators of high‐end display panels, especially for video game usage scenarios. However, the increase in refresh rate is a challenge to the drive capability of LCD semiconductor TFTs (Thin Film Transistor), the response time of liquid crystal, and the transmission of high‐frequency signals, resulting in the maximum refresh rate of high‐refresh‐rate displays currently on the market still at 240 ~ 300 Hz. In this paper, we solve the display distortion due to low charging ratio at ultra‐high refresh rate by improving GOA（Gate Driver on Array） driver circuit and applying high stability and high mobility bilayer oxide semiconductor technology. At the same time, the 1ms GTG (Gray to Gray) response time is achieved by testing and optimizing the pixel slit angle and cell gap of ADS (Advanced Super Dimension Switch) LCD, ensuring no image trailing at refresh rates up to 600 Hz. Then the anti‐electromagnetic interference ability of high‐speed signal is improved by high‐speed signal transmission quality enhancement technology. Through the application of the above technologies, we have developed the ultra‐high refresh rate IT display panel products such as 600Hz frame rate FHD NB LCD and 500 Hz FHD MNT LCD. And the 16.0" WUXGA 600Hz ADS LCD achieves the highest CMR 9000 rating in VESA latest dynamic picture CMR certification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the market for near‐eye display devices and other similar devices expands, these devices and their display performance are receiving more and more attention and challenges. Therefore, this paper reports a display module consisting of a high PPI fast LCD based on LTPS backplane paired with an ultra‐multi‐partition Mini‐LED backlight. The display adopts a new pixel structure and is able to achieve a transmission rate of 1.8% and a high contrast ratio of 500:1 on 1411 PPI. Besides, the multi‐partition Mini‐LED backlight unit is able to achieve 1728 partitions of local dimming and high dynamic contrast ratio of the display module, meanwhile the brightness of the backlight is increased by 4.9% with the same power consumption, making the overall display module brighter. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article describes electronic paper (e-paper) technology. Also called electronic ink, e-paper refers to a set of electronically modifiable display technologies used to reproduce the appearance of paper. This is usually applied in business, banking, and consumer electronics, and now on press and publishing sectors through using the electronic devices called "readers." e-paper also employs several technologies, such as the electrophoresis which relies on an ink made of micro-capsules and Cholesteric liquid crystal display (LCD) and Bistable Twisted Nematic technologies. Other industries that have begun using e-paper are supermarkets, logistic chains, and advertising.

[Display omitted] • Five new anti-counterfeiting models have been developed using PDLC. • The electro-optical performance with voltage (33.35 V), high contrast (234.06) and response time 11.6 ms. • Combined decoding mode of fluorescent color is not counterfeitable. • The pixel-point anti-counterfeiting mode that is difficult to counterfeit. • The prepared color electronic paper is directly applied to real life. Currently, polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) exhibits great potential in anti-counterfeiting and display device applications, but they still have serious disadvantages of poor stability, small voltage-variable color range, low recognition rate, long response time and single-color variation. In this work, the developed novel multiple modulated anti-counterfeiting modes that combined red, yellow and green fluorescent colors and voltages by using the modification strategy of PDLC. A series of anti-counterfeiting PDLC films with multicolor-modulated decoding modes were prepared by introducing fluorescent materials with different emission wavelengths into PDLC. In order to further enhance anti-counterfeiting ability, the model of the dynamic change of micrometer-sized pixel points under different voltages was developed, which greatly increased the difficulty for PDLC being counterfeited. For display application, our developed PDLC-based flexible electronic papers with single- and multi-pattern displays exhibited dynamic change of patterns that could be intelligently adjusted. Noteworthily, the electronic paper had a fast response time (11.6 ms) and high contrast ratio (234.06). Furthermore, the prepared flexible electronic paper served as a billboard for supermarkets that could dynamically regulate real-time prices. In short, the developed PDLC flexible films with multiple anti-counterfeiting and coding modes will have great promising in anti-counterfeiting and display device applications in real life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current mainstream display technologies include liquid crystal displays (LCD), Organic Light‐Emitting Diode (OLED), and electrophoretic paper displays (EPD). The electrowetting display (EWD) is expected to become a new member of the display family due to its fast response speed, paper‐like reflective display. In recent years, technology breakthroughs of electrowetting have been made in EWD. EWD has achieved playing dynamic videos with the comparable performance of LCD and displays print‐level color images. The current EWD has reached the color gamut NTS 50%, refresh time 12ms, and 260000 colors display. The potential applications of EWD including education, mobile terminals, e‐book readers, outdoor billboards, etc. The advantage of EWD will create new markets which are not accessible now. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The most common electronic paper technology is E‐ink, which enables many novel applications such as e‐readers, watches and electronic shelf labels. However, due to the TFT backplane driving and complex production processes, the cost of this technology is high, which limits its popularity. Recently, a low‐cost π‐bistable twist nematic (π‐BTN) liquid crystal display with a high pretilt angle is proposed. It has the same structure and production method as an ordinary liquid crystal display. Passive driving enables the manufacture of high‐resolution bistable displays without the use of thin‐film transistors. Compared with the current bistable twist nematic display technology, the high pretilt angles structure helps to achieve a lowvoltage and fast‐respond bistable display. This wide viewing angle, high contrast and TFT‐free display is a promising candidate for flexible displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ambient contrast ratio (ACR) has been promoted recently since this index fits most user environment. In this paper, we will focus on the solutions to improve ACR and its viewing angle as well. Different anti reflection technologies are compared. With our Advanced Reflectionless Technology (A.R.T.) adopted in LCD, both the ACR indexes and user viewing experience are greatly improved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: The intent of this study is to determine the minimum ambient illumination requirement for legible electronic-paper display. Not only the young but also the elderly were included as research subjects. Through the method of character-search task, the results indicated that the significant performance improvement of all subjects occurred at 52lux on the search time and at 62lux on the subjective visual fatigue. Therefore, the minimum ambient illumination requirement for legible electronic-paper display can be synthesized at 62lux. This minimum point of ambient illumination for the young and the elderly represents that the reflective-type display started presenting its better legibility and the subjective visual fatigue started decreasing. As electronic-paper display technology applications gradually expand, product designers need notice this fundamental limit of electronic-paper display when they continue to create possible applications in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We demonstrate a mini‐LED backlit 2117‐ppi LCD for virtual reality displays, which greatly enhances the dynamic range and mitigates the screen door effect. The major challenges and potential solutions for achieving over 2000‐ppi LCDs and the advantages of using mini‐LED backlight and low power solutions will be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

After decades of development, VA mode has shown excellent performance, but compared with ADS mode, it still has shortcomings in some specific fields. In the next generation of UV2A model, we adopted the technology of IGZO in UV2A. This article focuses on the current problems in the fields of small‐size TVs, extra‐large‐size TVs, and 8K TVs, and how to use this technology to optimize them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mini‐LED technology is becoming a mainly driving force in the development of LCD industry. Only using excellent spatial viewing angle characteristics, high picture quality and high contrast ratio LCD panel, Mini‐LED can maximize its effectiveness in improving image quality and has the strength to challenge the dominance of OLED in the high‐end market. As we known, ADS technology belongs to plane field switching display mode, taking into account the excellent wide‐angle characteristics and excellent image quality, has been widely used in mobile phone, tablet, notebook, monitor and TV, the only shortcoming is the low contrast ratio (CR), just at 1000‐1200:1. This paper aims to introduce the development of ultra‐high contrast ADS LCD panel and its implementation method. By using low scattering coefficient negative liquid crystal, fine rubbing alignment process, and fine calibrated POL attachment process, an ultra‐high contrast ratio of CR 3000‐3500:1 is achieved for the first time on ADS panel. The slow response time of negative liquid crystal is improved by balancing the operating voltage (Vop) and adjusting the Cell gap, while the decrease in transmittance caused by lower Cell gap can be overcome by the spectral aperture pixel (SAP) design. All the techniques described in this paper are applicable to various types of plane field switching panels. The paper also concludes with a discussion and outlook on how to further improve the contrast ratio of ADS‐like panel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, compactness of Head Mounted Display (HMD) product has been strongly required to improve comfortableness of user. The folded optics, so‐called 'Pancake optics', is suitable for realizing compact HMD, but there is a big drawback of lowering light efficiency. To overcome this problem, we propose novel pancakebased HMD optics named 'Double path pancake optics' using two light paths. The optical simulation is performed and we fixed the appropriate design. From our simple evaluation of transmittance, we conclude that light efficiency of 'Double path pancake optics' becomes 1.8 times higher than conventional pancake optics. We made the prototype using 1,200ppi high resolution Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) and confirmed that the high image quality can be displayed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An optimized Light Field (LF) VR display with ultra‐high pixel density LCD (3.1 inch 1411 PPI) is presented. Field of view (FOV) and the experience of immersion are improved by adopting the 3%3% resolution display panel. Functions of vision correction (glasses free), reduced Vergence‐Accommodation‐Conflict (VAC) and enlarged eye box with eye tracking are also realized. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 2.9‐inch 2K2K (1058 ppi) panel using low‐reflection metal black matrix (BM) has been developed. We confirmed lower surface reflectance of LCD by using low‐reflection metal BM, and confirmed that there was no adverse effect on the display optical characteristics. We have shown that a thinner BM allows us to design more transparent pixels by increasing the aperture ratio, or to increase the color viewing angle. This technique can also be applied to Flip panel structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article provides an overview of advancements in liquid crystal (LC) technology for augmented reality (AR) and virtual reality (VR) devices. It discusses the importance of LC technology in improving visual quality and transitions in AR/VR devices, particularly in lens components. The article also highlights the potential of LC materials for the next generation of AR devices, while acknowledging challenges related to alignment and overcoating. It concludes by emphasizing the need for further research and development in optimizing these materials. The article is a valuable resource for library patrons researching this specific topic. [Extracted from the article]

The development of metaverse has the potential to revolutionize people's life. As the entry to metaverse, virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies are gaining ever‐increasing attention. However, there is vergence‐accommodation conflict problem for most VR or AR 3D displays. In this paper, we propose to realize vari‐focal near‐eye displays based on tunable geometry phase liquid crystal lenses to address this problem. Experimental results validate that images can be rendered at different depth as the tunable lenses change their focal lengths. Thus, correct accommodation cue can be induced, and 3D visual fatigue could be significantly suppressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work presents a Mini‐LED driving circuit with for backlight unit of liquid crystal display. Simulation results indicate that the emission current error rates are all below 9.9% to ensure the capability of the proposed circuit to improve the image quality of displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using a novel zero‐anchoring (ZA) interface, we have realized an ultra‐low power consumption FFS LCD with low voltage drive and higher transmittance than FFS using negative liquid crystal. In addition, we have improved the response time, image sticking and other optical performance, which have been issues for zero anchoring FFS, by developing the alignment layer materials and the optimum liquid crystal materials. It is expected to be adopted in applications requiring low power consumption in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed a high mobility over 20 cm2 /V•s Top Gate Self‐alignment (TGSA) Oxide TFT technology with on‐state current 60μA. The TGSA TFT with dual gate have two electron channel realizing the higher mobility than single gate TFT. The higher mobility make it possible for high resolution, high refresh rate and narrow‐bezel design of LCDs. Therefore, combing with the source line DEMUX 1:2 circuit design, we fabricated a 14.5 inch notebook liquid crystal display (LCD) with resolution of 3K*2K successfully using the high performance TGSA TFTs, achieving the refresh rate of 165Hz and panel left and right border of 1.7mm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LCD is one of the major display solutions for VR headsets due to its maturity. Here we will present a new LCD architecture as a key element to enable glasses‐like form factor. In addition, it can improve optical efficiency, enlarge color gamut and overall image quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Three-color electrowetting (EW) reflective display devices have been achieved using a vertical stack structure with colored oils. Fundamental properties (interface tension and geometry) of the EW process were investigated. Arrays of ∼1000–2000 pixels were constructed with pixel sizes of 200×600 and 300×900 μm2. Each color layer can be switched independently. Open (oil-free) area fraction of ∼80% in each cell is achieved at ∼10–12 V. Switch-on times range from 5 to 15 ms, suitable for video content display. These characteristics demonstrate that the EW vertical structure has the potential to produce attractive video-speed color reflective electronic paper devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Premium displays that offer outstanding characteristics are becoming more important in liquid crystal display market. Globally, researchers are looking for ways to improve contrast, transmittance, viewing angle dependency, resolution and switching speed while keep the high reliability level of liquid crystal devices. UB (Ultra Bright)‐technology (UBplus and UBFFS) can increase panel transmittance by using negative dielectric anisotropy LC mixtures compared with traditional FFS Mode, supporting higher resolution devices. In this paper we demonstrate the advantage of UB‐LC technology for TV as well as IT applications and summarize the recent developments of such liquid crystal mixtures in terms of contrast, switching speed and reliability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LCDs are today's workhorse for automotive displays. In recent years, some premium OEMs started to ship cars with OLED displays. The advantages of OLEDs compared to LCDs are short response time at low temperature (relevant for e‐mirrors) and perfect black at night as well as highly curved and transparent versions. Replacing edge‐lit backlight of LCDs by FALD (full array local dimming) results in highest luminance at acceptable halo. Furthermore, LCDs have a large supply chain, which results in competitive cost. Well‐known challenges of OLEDs deal with high luminance and temperature sensitivity, which can result in reduced lifetime (LT) incl. Burn‐In. Challenges and solutions for LCDs and OLEDs such as halo measurements and viewing angle performance will be discussed more in detail. Latest automotive demonstrators show the potential of micro‐LEDs and electrically pumped Quantum Dots (QD) displays. Both have the potential to outperform LCDs and OLEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We evaluate and compare the performance of a 15.6‐inch mini‐LED backlit LCD (mLCD) with a commercial OLED panel. Results show that the mLCD exhibits advantages over the OLED panel in peak brightness, gamma curve, color volume, power consumption, and ambient contrast ratio. The LMK imaging photometer with a high‐resolution CMOS sensor is employed to characterize the halo effect and reconstruct the real luminance profiles based on the non‐ideal profile of the OLED display. We have also proposed a novel strategy to measure the backlight's point spread function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Process optimization for increasing the response speed of liquid crystal optical rewritable e-paper was investigated. It is demonstrated that by filling LC in atmosphere condition rewriting time could be decreased to 6 seconds with good repeatability. Increasing the spin coating speed and time could also decrease the azimuthal anchoring energy, but it will cause non-continuous film form of alignment layer which causes large speed dispersion that is not good for practical use. Serial experiments show that with smaller azimuthal anchoring energy the rewriting time could be smaller. The results demonstrate that with proper fabrication process of alignment layer for liquid crystal optical rewritable e-paper, azimuthal anchoring energy could be adjusted to an optimal value which is beneficial for achieving fastest rewriting speed and at the same time strong enough to well align LC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have developed a large size reflective LCD providing good visibility under bright circumstances and high productivity. To obtain wide viewing angle reflective mode, the panel design for the 2‐domain aligned LCD with UV2 A technology was examined. We adopted it into a prototype and successfully fabricated a 90‐inch TFT LCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have evaluated performances and subjective impressions of paper, LCD tablet, and e‐Paper during study tasks of reading and writing on each medium. Paper showed general superiority in correct answer rate, processing speed, and most of subjective impression. It should also be noted that e‐Paper showed better correct answer rate than tablet. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Fire alarm achieves sensitive response of 2 s at lower temperature of 250 °C. • A novel way based on light intensity change for response time is employed. • Designed fire alarm is coupled to a wireless communication interface firstly. Highly sensitive smart sensors for early fire detection with remote warning capabilities are urgently required to improve the fire safety of combustible materials in diverse applications. The highly-sensitive fire alarm can detect fire situation within a short time quickly when a fire disaster is about to occur, which is conducive to achieving fire tuned. Herein, a novel fire alarm is designed by using flame-retardant cellulose paper loaded with graphene oxide (GO) and two-dimensional titanium carbide (Ti 3 C 2 , MXene). Owing to the excellent temperature dependent electrical resistance switching effect of GO, it acts as an electrical insulator at room temperature and becomes electrically conductive at high temperature. During a fire incident, the partial oxygen-containing groups on GO will undergo complete removal, which results in the conductivity transformation. Besides the use of GO feature, this work also introduces conductive MXene to enhance fire detection speed and warning at low temperature, especially below 300 °C. The designed flame-retardant fire alarm is sensitive enough to detect fire incident, showing a response time of 2 s at 250 °C, which is calculated by a novel and quantifiable technique. More importantly, the designed fire alarm sensor is coupled to a wireless communication interface to conveniently transmit fire signal remotely. Therefore, when an abnormal temperature is detected, the signal is wirelessly transmitted to a liquid crystal display (LCD) screen when it displays a message such as "FIRE DANGER". The designed smart fire alarm paper is promising for use as a smart wallpaper for interior house decoration and other applications requiring early fire detection and warning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When more and more display devices are used as interaction interface, touch has been essential function integrated in display devices. Homogeneous alignment LCDs and full in cell touch technology has been developed and applied on mobile phone, tablet PC, notebook PC, Monitor and even TV scale. In this paper, we made a comparison on different display technology in the point of not only display specification but also human experience. ADS type homogeneous alignment LCDs would keep its major position in small and middle size market and expand share on big size in furtherfollowing the development of interaction devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We developed the ultra‐thin and stretchable LCD using the deformable polarizer. The LCD has substrate‐less structure formed by direct coating of silver nanowire electrode on the polarizer. The total thickness of the LCD is 23μm and it achieved excellent bending and stretching performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Visual performance and visual fatigue of electronic paper displays (electrophoretic display and cholesteric liquid crystal display) under ambient illuminances and light sources were studied and compared with paper. Forty-eight participants participated in a character-search task in the experiment. The results showed that search speed depends on the illuminance but not light source. Search speed increased as illumination increased from 300lx (45.6sec), 700lx (44.18sec) to 1500lx (43.24sec). The effect of medium display and polarity on accuracy was also significant. Accuracy was greater for electrophoretic display and positive polarity. However, the effect of illuminance and light source on visual fatigue was not statistically significant. Based on the results of this study, it seems that E-paper displays may need greater illumination (700lx or higher). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Effects of character size under ambient illuminances and light sources on legibility of electronic paper displays (electrophoretic display and cholesteric liquid crystal display) were studied and compared with paper. Sixty subjects participated in a letter-search task in the experiment. The results showed that search speed depends on the illuminance but not light source. Search speed increased as the illuminance increase from 300, 700 to 1500lx. Search speed also increased with the increase of character size, from character height of 1.4mm (9.6min visual angle), 2.2mm (15.1min visual angle) to 3.3mm (22.7min visual angle), and the increase leveled off at 4.3mm (29.6min visual angle). The effect of character size on accuracy was also significant. Accuracy increased with the increase of character size. However, the effect of illuminance and light source on accuracy was not statistically significant. Based on the results of this study, it seems that E-paper displays may need greater illumination (700lx or higher), greater character size (3.3mm or 22min of visual angle). [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: This study explored the viewing distance and screen angle for electronic paper (E-Paper) displays under various light sources, ambient illuminations, and character sizes. Data analysis showed that the mean viewing distance and screen angle were 495mm and 123.7°. The mean viewing distances for Kolin Chlorestic Liquid Crystal display was 500mm, significantly longer than Sony electronic ink display, 491mm. Screen angle for Kolin was 127.4°, significantly greater than that of Sony, 120.0°. Various light sources revealed no significant effect on viewing distances; nevertheless, they showed significant effect on screen angles. The screen angle for sunlight lamp (D65) was similar to that of fluorescent lamp (TL84), but greater than that of tungsten lamp (F). Ambient illumination and E-paper type had significant effects on viewing distance and screen angle. The higher the ambient illumination was, the longer the viewing distance and the lesser the screen angle. Character size had significant effect on viewing distances: the larger the character size, the longer the viewing distance. The results of this study indicated that the viewing distance for E-Paper was similar to that of visual display terminal (VDT) at around 500mm, but greater than normal paper at about 360mm. The mean screen angle was around 123.7°, which in terms of viewing angle is 29.5° below horizontal eye level. This result is similar to the general suggested viewing angle between 20° and 50° below the horizontal line of sight. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A solution for ambient light sensor (ALS) integration in a‐Si LCD with cost advantage and nearly the same performance as external ALS solution. In this work we provide practical solution for the most challenged smartphone [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ADS display mode has many advantages, especially wide viewing angle, and has been widely used in various LCD products. In this paper, based on the upgraded ADS PRO technology, we adopt high CR negative liquid crystal, low reflection surface materials and process, oblique angle light leakage compensation film, spectrum matching optimize of BLU and RGB resin, and combined with mini LED backlight. Based on these methods, we achieve the native CR >3000:1, extreme black state with reflectivity < 1.5%, high ambient color contrast, no color shift angle of > ±60 °, and DCI P3 99% high color gamut. Its ultimate picture quality can be equivalent to OLED. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Privacy protecting is a new customer request in display industry. We developed a new Intelligent Viewing Angle Control Device (IVACD) with a single TFT‐LCD cell, which was called Hybrid Viewing Angle (HVA). In this paper, we introduced its mechanism and some challenges in the developing march. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A low power consumption is an essential issue for all of the electrical products, especially for the wearable electrical products, and the liquid crystal displays. This manuscript proposed a single polarized light emitting diode (LED) chip which is used for a direct back light unit for LCD. A wire grid polarizer and a meta‐ surface textures are set on the top and bottom of the LED chip in order to obtain a high polarization and transparency. After optimization the potential parameters, the transmittance of TM and the polarization are 93.71% and 99.3% respectively. It can replace the normal LED of direct back light unit in order to obtain a high efficiency of 20% improvement, by comparing liquid crystal display using the APF polarizer. It can be used for reducing power consumption and supply dependence, as well as the cost of displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantum Dots (QDs) are widely accepted for use in contemporary displays. However the current application mainly remains limited to enhancing liquid crystal displays (LCD), and recently organic light emitting devices (OLED), by a limited margin. A topical question is what holds QDs from contributing to other display applications and what role can QDs play in the future of display technology? Will we soon see self‐emissive QD displays and if so, how feasible is QD color conversion for microLED displays? What are the limitations and the benefits of both? The article challenges the state‐of‐the‐art QD technology for QD color conversion and the current development timeline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Here, we demonstrate world's first 1 Hz driving fringe‐field switching (FFS) LCD via development of low flexoelectric coefficient LCs with high voltage holding ratio (VHR). The evaluation of the 1 Hz driving 13.4‐inch FFS LCD laptop panel shows no flicker, and the power consumption is reduced by 83% compared to the 60 Hz driving. We believe this result opens a new chapter of FFS LCDs for low‐power consumption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rapid growth of the gaming monitor market in recent years has increased the demand for high frame rate display. We have developed a fast‐response liquid crystal LCD with high frame rate driving backplane based on low resistance gate LTPS‐TFT technology. The 540Hz refresh rate LCD with advanced of LTPS backplane technology has good moving picture quality and fulfills the requirement for product reliability test. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

| B DOI: 10.1002/jsid.960 b GLO:1LA/01mar21:msid1191-gra-0004.jpg PHOTO (COLOR): . gl Electronic ink is a reflective display technology with multi-stable characteristics, exhibiting excellent sunlight readability and low power consumption. GLO:1LA/01mar21:msid1191-gra-0001.jpg PHOTO (COLOR): . gl Jiun-Haw Lee Editor in Chief ANNOUNCEMENTS JSID Awards The B JSID Best Paper Award 2020 b goes to: B Wide-view augmented reality display with diffractive cholesteric liquid crystal lens array b | Jianghao Xiong, I et al i . Invitation to Submit Review Papers The I Journal i is soliciting review papers on any display-related topic. [Extracted from the article]