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Objective: To compare demographic, injury and hospitalization characteristics and mortality between Isolated and Non-Isolated traumatic brain injury. Methods: A retrospective study based on the Israeli National Trauma Registry of patients hospitalized for traumatic brain injury (TBI) between 2008 and 2016. Isolated TBI was defined as no other anatomic region was having concomitant injury with AIS ≥2. X2 test and multivariate logistic regression analysis were used for data analysis. Results: Of the 23566-study population, 40.4% were admitted for isolated TBI. Isolated TBI was significantly more frequent in elderly aged ≥65 years, female, Jews, and injuries sustained at home or in residential institution. The Non-isolated TBI was greater in road traffic injuries, particularly among pedestrians and motor cyclists, and in violence injuries. The Non-isolated TBI group had greater injury severity and hospital resource utilization. In-hospital mortality was higher in the patients with Non-isolated TBI [OR: 1.56(95% CI: 1.33–1.83)], particularly in patients with GCS 13–15; elderly aged 65+ years; and patients with concomitant injuries to abdomen, spine or external body regions. Conclusion: In a patient with TBI, concomitant injuries with AIS ≥2 matter, and awareness of the identified factors has relevance for guiding injury prevention efforts and indeed for potentially improving care and outcome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Work absenteeism following an injury creates an economic burden on society and the individual. Programs encouraging return to work (RTW) should be implemented for high risk populations. The aim of this study was to identify the predictors for duration until RTW following an injury. The Israeli National Trauma Registry and the National Insurance Institute database (2008–2013) were linked. Logistic-regression models tested the probability not RTW within 1 month, 1 year and 2 years among 67% of the population and the quality of the model was examined among 33% of the population. The study population comprised 45,291 casualties (aged 21–67 and employed prior to injury as salaried workers). The majority of the study population (61%) RTW within 1 month from the injury event. Injury severity, multiple injuries, brain injury, traffic related injuries and fall injuries were significantly associated with work absenteeism. A dose–response relationship was found between income and not RTW: the lower the income the greater was the chance of not RTW. Among casualties with occupational injuries the odds for not RTW within a month, a year and 2 years were respectively, 3.7, 2.4 and 2 times significantly greater in comparison with casualties not injured at work. Underprivileged ethnic groups (Arabs and immigrants from Ethiopia) had a greater chance for long out of work stay following an injury. The outcomes of this study identified casualties at high risk for not RTW and enables health professionals to develop intervention programs focusing on returning to a productive lifestyle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To measure individual and environmental risk factors predicting reported child injuries.Methods: A prospective, follow-up study was performed including 380 parents of children aged 1-6 years, living in various communities throughout Israel. Parents were interviewed three times, 3 months apart. Injuries were defined as including minor injuries that required parental attention and medically attended injuries: doctor or nurse visit, emergency medical services or hospitalisation. Parents reported the level of safety for both indoor and outdoor environments, covering 11 items pertaining to safety elements dedicated to prevent child injury. Socio-demographic and parents' attitudes towards child injury were also measured.Results: During the 6-month follow-up period, 37% of parents reported that their child was injured, and 29% of them received medical attention. Reported outdoor safety environment was found to be a predictor of child injury, suggesting that the risk of child injury is higher among children living in unsafe outdoor environments. However, this depended on levels of religiosity (with an odds ratio of 2.48 and 95% confidence interval of 1.09-5.64 for traditional families and an odds ratio of 3.65 and 95% confidence interval of 1.58-8.46 for religious families).Conclusions: Safe environments play a major role in decreasing the risk of injury among children. In order to decrease injury rates among young children, attention should be given to the immediate outdoor environment in which children grow up and play. Decision makers might particularly want to pay closer attention to the influence of religious backgrounds on child safety through safe environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective.To examine whether characteristics and circumstances of injuries are related to ethnicity. Design.The study was based on the Israeli National Trauma Registry data for patients hospitalized between 2008 and 2011. Data included demographics, injury, hospital resource utilization characteristics and outcome at discharge. Univariate analysis followed by logistic regression models were undertaken to examine the relationship between injury and ethnicity. Results.The study included 116,946 subjects; 1% were Ethiopian Born Israelis (EBI), 11% Israelis born in the Former Soviet Union (FSUBI) and 88% the remaining Israelis (RI). EBI were injured more on street or at work place and had higher rates of penetrating and severe injuries. However, FSUBI were mostly injured at home, and had higher rates of fall injuries and hip fracture. Adjusted analysis showed that EBI and FSUBI were more likely to be hospitalized because of violence-related injuries compared with RI but less likely because of road traffic injuries. Undergoing surgery and referral for rehabilitation were greater among FSUBI, while admission to intensive care unit was greater among EBI. Conclusion.Targeted intervention programmes need to be developed for immigrants of different countries of origin in accordance with the identified characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Aim: To assess the incidence and injury characteristics of hospitalized trauma patients diagnosed with TBI. Methods: A retrospective study of all injured hospitalized patients recorded in the National Trauma Registry at 19 trauma centres in Israel between 2002–2011. Incidence and injury characteristics were examined among children, adults and seniors. Results: The annual incidence rate of hospitalized TBI for the Israeli population in 2011 was 31.8/100 000. Age-specific incidence was highest among seniors with a dramatic decrease in TBI-related mortality rate among them. Adults, in comparison to children and seniors, had higher rates of severe TBI, severe and critical injuries, more admission to the intensive care unit, underwent surgery, were hospitalization for more than 2 weeks and were discharged to rehabilitation. After adjusting for age, gender, ethnicity, mechanism of injury and injury severity score, TBI-related in-hospital mortality was higher among seniors and adults compared to children. Conclusion: Seniors are at high risk for TBI-related in-hospital mortality, although adults had more severe and critical injuries and utilized more hospital resources. However, seniors showed the most significant reduction in mortality rate during the study period. Appropriate intervention programmes should be designed and implemented, targeted to reduce TBI among high risk groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]