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Objectives: Patient and public involvement (PPI) is a relatively new practice whereby researchers involve patients and the public in the conduct of their research. The Sheffield Motor Neurone Disorders Research Advisory Group (SMNDRAG) is one of the first groups to specialise in motor neuron disease (MND). Its members include people living with MND, carers, relatives, volunteers, clinicians, and scientists. Our aim was to explore the experiences of those who participate in, organise and work with the SMNDRAG. Methods: We conducted 13 semi-structured interviews: 10 with members of the SMNDRAG and three with researchers who have worked with the group. We used thematic analysis to identify ways in which the group influenced research and the barriers and enablers to PPI. Results: A number of motivations for participating in the SMNDRAG were reported but the majority were altruistic. The SMNDRAG offered individuals psychosocial and intellectual benefits. The SMNDRAG has overcome a number of practical and psychological barriers to developing a successful and effective collaborative partnership resulting in a positive impact on research and researchers at each stage of the research process. For example, the group identified research priorities which ensured that research was patient-focused. However, several barriers remain, including the lack of diversity within the group and the perception that PPI participation requires a "certain type of person." Conclusions: PPI can make a valuable contribution to all aspects of research and can have a positive impact on those involved. We recommend ways in which PPI can and should be incorporated into research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]