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This study presents an approach to simulating building-integrated photovoltaic glazing systems composed of semitransparent organic photovoltaic (ST-OPV) elements. The approach consists of a mathematical cosimulation model based on the energy balance of complex glazing systems, considering heat transfer as conduction, mixed convection, and radiation effects. The cosimulation method is based on a functional mock-up unit (FMU) developed in Python and the building simulation program Domus. This work aims at presenting a cosimulation technique that can be easily applied to building energy simulation tools for the assessment of photovoltaic energy generation in glazing systems. The cosimulation glazing model was verified according to ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 140-2011, and the zone temperature was kept within with a root medium square error (RMSE) of 1.45 °C. The simulated building with an ST-OPV system showed promising results and could be applied to near-zero energy buildings since each 6-m 2 glazing has a power generation of around 77 W, equivalent to 9% of available solar resource. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the consideration of building energy performance and urban climate models, irradiation is a key parameter. From the city scale to the detailed building interchange, different approaches and models with various levels of details are explained in this review, and their scope and usefulness considered. The first part of the study deals with solar and longwave sky irradiance models. Six models of sky diffuse irradiance are presented, together with details of the models of longwave sky irradiance. At city scale, the influence of an urban area on the atmospheric radiative budget requires knowledge of the radiative flux leaving the urban area. Albedo and longwave reflectivity models are detailed in the second part to determine shortwave and longwave fluxes from urban areas. Solar access quantifies the shortwave radiative energy received by an urban surface for a specified period, determined by the building's scale and type of facade. Depending on the urban morphology, tridimensional city models are presented in this section to compute the solar access. In order to calculate the energy budget of building walls, the radiation interchanges in the district have to be coupled with other physical phenomenon. Thus, some simplifications and various models to reduce computation time are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]