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Background: This study aimed to report the 12-month results of drug-eluting stent (DES) for the treatment of significant restenosis of the hemodialysis access., Materials and Methods: A total of 14 patients (seven men and seven women; median age 70 years; range of 50-83 years) with significant restenosis of hemodialysis accesses were enrolled from January 2017 to December 2018. A total of 10 arteriovenous graft (AVG) and four arteriovenous fistulae were treated with DES. Study outcomes included primary patency of the target lesion and circuit., Results: Venous anastomosis of the AVG was the most common target lesion for DES insertion (nine hemodialysis accesses). The range of follow-up time was 12-36 months. Primary patency rates of target lesion before DES (patency for last conventional balloon angioplasty [CBA]) versus target lesion after DES at 6 and 12 months were 29% versus 100% and 7% versus 86% (p < 0.001). Primary patency rates of pre-DES circuit (patency for last CBA) versus post-DES circuit at 6 and 12 months were 29% versus 64% and 7% versus 29%, respectively (p = 0.058)., Conclusion: DES might improve the patency rate of target lesion in patients with significant restenosis of the hemodialysis access., (© 2021 Wiley Periodicals LLC.)

Congenital renal artery aneurysm is uncommon. Moreover, renal artery aneurysm concomitant with a congenital renal arteriovenous fistula is extremely rare. Transarterial embolization is the first-line treatment for these conditions. We report a case of a patient with congenital renal artery aneurysm concomitant with a congenital renal arteriovenous fistula of the upper polar left renal artery which was successfully treated by transarterial embolization with coil, glue, and Amplatzer vascular plug.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the post-intervention target primary patency of drug-coated balloon angioplasty (DCBA) compared with conventional balloon angioplasty (CBA) in the treatment of the dysfunctional autogenous arteriovenous fistula (AVF) in a real-world clinical setting. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 24 patients with end-stage renal disease, who developed dysfunctional AVF during hemodialysis, and underwent endovascular treatment using CBA and DCBA from January 1, 2014, to June 30, 2021. The demographic data of patients and details regarding their fistula were recorded. Post-intervention target primary patency was analyzed. Results: Sixteen men and 8 women with an average age of 63.9 ± 14.2 years, who underwent 333 endovascular treatments in 57 target lesions of access were enrolled. DCBA was a protective factor for the treatment of a target lesion of dysfunctional access with an adjusted hazard ratio of 0.725 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.528-0.996; P = 0.047). According to the Weibull proportional hazards regression model, DCBA showed a longer post-intervention target primary patency than CBA. Conclusion: DCBA has better outcomes in terms of post-intervention target primary patency in the real-world treatment of dysfunctional autogenous AVF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]