9 results on '"Patel, Zara M."'
Search Results
2. Use of platelet-rich plasma for COVID-19-related olfactory loss: a randomized controlled trial.
- Author
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Yan CH, Jang SS, Lin HC, Ma Y, Khanwalkar AR, Thai A, and Patel ZM
- Subjects
- Humans, Anosmia therapy, Smell physiology, Olfaction Disorders therapy, COVID-19 therapy, Platelet-Rich Plasma
- Abstract
Introduction: The current study evaluated the use of platelet-rich plasma (PRP), an autologous blood product with supraphysiologic concentrations of growth factors, in the treatment of prolonged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related smell loss., Methods: This multi-institutional, randomized controlled trial recruited patients with COVID-19 who had objectively measured smell loss (University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test [UPSIT] ≤ 33) between 6 and 12 months. Patients were randomized to three intranasal injections of either PRP or sterile saline into their olfactory clefts. The primary outcome measure was change in Sniffin' Sticks score (threshold, discrimination, and identification [TDI]) from baseline. The secondary end point measures included responder rate (achievement of a clinically significant improvement, ≥5.5 points TDI), change in individual TDI olfaction scores, and change in subjective olfaction via a visual analog scale., Results: A total of 35 patients were recruited and 26 completed the study. PRP treatment resulted in a 3.67-point (95% CI: 0.05-7.29, p = 0.047) greater improvement in olfaction compared with the placebo group at 3 months and a higher response rate (57.1% vs 8.3%, odds ratio 12.5 [95% exact bootstrap confidence interval, 2.2-116.7]). There was a greater improvement in smell discrimination following PRP treatment compared with placebo but no difference in smell identification or threshold. There was no difference in subjective scores between PRP and placebo. No adverse effects were reported., Conclusion: Olfactory function following COVID-19 can improve spontaneously after 6 months and can improve to a greater extent with PRP injection. These data build on the promise of PRP to be a safe potential treatment option for patients with COVID-19-related smell loss, and larger-powered studies will help further assess its efficacy., (© 2022 ARS-AAOA, LLC.)
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- 2023
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3. Determinants of SARS-CoV-2 entry and replication in airway mucosal tissue and susceptibility in smokers.
- Author
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Nakayama T, Lee IT, Jiang S, Matter MS, Yan CH, Overdevest JB, Wu CT, Goltsev Y, Shih LC, Liao CK, Zhu B, Bai Y, Lidsky P, Xiao Y, Zarabanda D, Yang A, Easwaran M, Schürch CM, Chu P, Chen H, Stalder AK, McIlwain DR, Borchard NA, Gall PA, Dholakia SS, Le W, Xu L, Tai CJ, Yeh TH, Erickson-Direnzo E, Duran JM, Mertz KD, Hwang PH, Haslbauer JD, Jackson PK, Menter T, Andino R, Canoll PD, DeConde AS, Patel ZM, Tzankov A, Nolan GP, and Nayak JV
- Subjects
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, COVID-19 genetics, COVID-19 metabolism, Female, Gene Expression Regulation, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nasal Cavity metabolism, SARS-CoV-2 physiology, Trachea metabolism, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 genetics, COVID-19 transmission, Respiratory Mucosa metabolism, Serine Endopeptidases genetics, Smokers, Viral Tropism
- Abstract
Understanding viral tropism is an essential step toward reducing severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission, decreasing mortality from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and limiting opportunities for mutant strains to arise. Currently, little is known about the extent to which distinct tissue sites in the human head and neck region and proximal respiratory tract selectively permit SARS-CoV-2 infection and replication. In this translational study, we discover key variabilities in expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), essential SARS-CoV-2 entry factors, among the mucosal tissues of the human proximal airways. We show that SARS-CoV-2 infection is present in all examined head and neck tissues, with a notable tropism for the nasal cavity and tracheal mucosa. Finally, we uncover an association between smoking and higher SARS-CoV-2 viral infection in the human proximal airway, which may explain the increased susceptibility of smokers to developing severe COVID-19. This is at least partially explained by differences in interferon (IFN)-β1 levels between smokers and non-smokers., Competing Interests: I.T.L. is currently an employee and shareholder of Moderna, although this work was conducted prior to/independent of his employment. I.T.L. had also received research support unrelated to this study from Genentech (Roche). Moderna did not fund or participate in this study in any form., (© 2021.)
- Published
- 2021
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4. Regarding Use of Topical Steroids in Patients With COVID-19-Associated Olfactory Loss.
- Author
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Patel ZM
- Subjects
- Humans, SARS-CoV-2, Smell, Steroids, Taste Disorders, COVID-19, Olfaction Disorders chemically induced, Olfaction Disorders drug therapy
- Published
- 2021
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5. Reply: Correspondence-International Registry of Otolaryngologist-Head and Neck Surgeons with COVID-19.
- Author
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Sowerby LJ and Patel ZM
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- Humans, Otolaryngologists, Registries, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Surgeons
- Published
- 2020
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6. COVID-19 and the Otolaryngologist: Preliminary Evidence-Based Review.
- Author
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Vukkadala N, Qian ZJ, Holsinger FC, Patel ZM, and Rosenthal E
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- COVID-19 transmission, China, Humans, Occupational Exposure standards, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 prevention & control, Disease Transmission, Infectious prevention & control, Occupational Exposure prevention & control, Otolaryngologists standards, Practice Guidelines as Topic
- Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 virus, which causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has rapidly swept across the world since its identification in December 2019. Otolaryngologists are at unique risk due to the close contact with mucus membranes of the upper respiratory tract and have been among the most affected healthcare workers in Wuhan, China. We present information on COVID-19 management relevant to otolaryngologists on the frontlines of this pandemic and provide preliminary guidance based on practices implemented in China and other countries and practical strategies deployed at Stanford University. Laryngoscope, 130:2537-2543, 2020., (© 2020 The American Laryngological, Rhinological and Otological Society, Inc.)
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- 2020
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7. ACE2 localizes to the respiratory cilia and is not increased by ACE inhibitors or ARBs.
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Lee, Ivan T, Nakayama, Tsuguhisa, Wu, Chien-Ting, Goltsev, Yury, Jiang, Sizun, Gall, Phillip A, Liao, Chun-Kang, Shih, Liang-Chun, Schürch, Christian M, McIlwain, David R, Chu, Pauline, Borchard, Nicole A, Zarabanda, David, Dholakia, Sachi S, Yang, Angela, Kim, Dayoung, Chen, Han, Kanie, Tomoharu, Lin, Chia-Der, Tsai, Ming-Hsui, Phillips, Katie M, Kim, Raymond, Overdevest, Jonathan B, Tyler, Matthew A, Yan, Carol H, Lin, Chih-Feng, Lin, Yi-Tsen, Bau, Da-Tian, Tsay, Gregory J, Patel, Zara M, Tsou, Yung-An, Tzankov, Alexandar, Matter, Matthias S, Tai, Chih-Jaan, Yeh, Te-Huei, Hwang, Peter H, Nolan, Garry P, Nayak, Jayakar V, and Jackson, Peter K
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Goblet Cells ,Respiratory System ,Lung ,Cilia ,Endothelial Cells ,Humans ,Pneumonia ,Viral ,Coronavirus Infections ,Sinusitis ,Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors ,Smoking ,Age Factors ,Sex Factors ,Gene Expression ,Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists ,Pandemics ,COVID-19 ,Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 ,Pneumonia ,Viral - Abstract
The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is the causative agent of the ongoing severe acute respiratory disease pandemic COVID-19. Tissue and cellular tropism is one key to understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2. We investigate the expression and subcellular localization of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), within the upper (nasal) and lower (pulmonary) respiratory tracts of human donors using a diverse panel of banked tissues. Here, we report our discovery that the ACE2 receptor protein robustly localizes within the motile cilia of airway epithelial cells, which likely represents the initial or early subcellular site of SARS-CoV-2 viral entry during host respiratory transmission. We further determine whether ciliary ACE2 expression in the upper airway is influenced by patient demographics, clinical characteristics, comorbidities, or medication use, and show the first mechanistic evidence that the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) or angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) does not increase susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection through enhancing the expression of ciliary ACE2 receptor. These findings are crucial to our understanding of the transmission of SARS-CoV-2 for prevention and control of this virulent pathogen.
- Published
- 2020
8. More than smell – COVID-19 is associated with severe impairment of smell, taste, and chemesthesis
- Author
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Parma, Valentina, Ohla, Kathrin, Veldhuizen, Maria G, Niv, Masha Y, Kelly, Christine E, Bakke, Alyssa J, Cooper, Keiland W, Bouysset, Cédric, Pirastu, Nicola, Dibattista, Michele, Kaur, Rishemjit, Liuzza, Marco Tullio, Pepino, Marta Y, Schöpf, Veronika, Pereda-Loth, Veronica, Olsson, Shannon B, Gerkin, Richard C, Domínguez, Paloma Rohlfs, Albayay, Javier, Farruggia, Michael C, Bhutani, Surabhi, Fjaeldstad, Alexander W, Kumar, Ritesh, Menini, Anna, Bensafi, Moustafa, Sandell, Mari, Konstantinidis, Iordanis, Di Pizio, Antonella, Genovese, Federica, Öztürk, Lina, Thomas-Danguin, Thierry, Frasnelli, Johannes, Boesveldt, Sanne, Saatci, Özlem, Saraiva, Luis R, Lin, Cailu, Golebiowski, Jérôme, Hwang, Liang-Dar, Ozdener, Mehmet Hakan, Guàrdia, Maria Dolors, Laudamiel, Christophe, Ritchie, Marina, Havlícek, Jan, Pierron, Denis, Roura, Eugeni, Navarro, Marta, Nolden, Alissa A, Lim, Juyun, Whitcroft, KL, Colquitt, Lauren R, Ferdenzi, Camille, Brindha, Evelyn V, Altundag, Aytug, Macchi, Alberto, Nunez-Parra, Alexia, Patel, Zara M, Fiorucci, Sébastien, Philpott, Carl M, Smith, Barry C, Lundström, Johan N, Mucignat, Carla, Parker, Jane K, van den Brink, Mirjam, Schmuker, Michael, Fischmeister, Florian Ph S, Heinbockel, Thomas, Shields, Vonnie DC, Faraji, Farhoud, Santamaría, Enrique, Fredborg, William EA, Morini, Gabriella, Olofsson, Jonas K, Jalessi, Maryam, Karni, Noam, D’Errico, Anna, Alizadeh, Rafieh, Pellegrino, Robert, Meyer, Pablo, Huart, Caroline, Chen, Ben, Soler, Graciela M, Alwashahi, Mohammed K, Welge-Lüssen, Antje, Freiherr, Jessica, de Groot, Jasper HB, Klein, Hadar, Okamoto, Masako, Singh, Preet Bano, Hsieh, Julien W, Reed, Danielle R, Hummel, Thomas, Munger, Steven D, Hayes, John E, Abdulrahman, Olagunju, Dalton, Pamela, Yan, Carol H, Voznessenskaya, Vera V, Chen, Jingguo, Sell, Elizabeth A, and Walsh-Messinger, Julie
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Neurosciences ,Dental/Oral and Craniofacial Disease ,Clinical Research ,Adult ,Aged ,Betacoronavirus ,COVID-19 ,Coronavirus Infections ,Female ,Humans ,Male ,Middle Aged ,Olfaction Disorders ,Pandemics ,Pneumonia ,Viral ,SARS-CoV-2 ,Self Report ,Smell ,Somatosensory Disorders ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Taste ,Taste Disorders ,Young Adult ,head and neck surgery ,olfaction ,somatosensation ,GCCR Group Author ,Biological Sciences ,Neurology & Neurosurgery - Abstract
Recent anecdotal and scientific reports have provided evidence of a link between COVID-19 and chemosensory impairments, such as anosmia. However, these reports have downplayed or failed to distinguish potential effects on taste, ignored chemesthesis, and generally lacked quantitative measurements. Here, we report the development, implementation, and initial results of a multilingual, international questionnaire to assess self-reported quantity and quality of perception in 3 distinct chemosensory modalities (smell, taste, and chemesthesis) before and during COVID-19. In the first 11 days after questionnaire launch, 4039 participants (2913 women, 1118 men, and 8 others, aged 19-79) reported a COVID-19 diagnosis either via laboratory tests or clinical assessment. Importantly, smell, taste, and chemesthetic function were each significantly reduced compared to their status before the disease. Difference scores (maximum possible change ±100) revealed a mean reduction of smell (-79.7 ± 28.7, mean ± standard deviation), taste (-69.0 ± 32.6), and chemesthetic (-37.3 ± 36.2) function during COVID-19. Qualitative changes in olfactory ability (parosmia and phantosmia) were relatively rare and correlated with smell loss. Importantly, perceived nasal obstruction did not account for smell loss. Furthermore, chemosensory impairments were similar between participants in the laboratory test and clinical assessment groups. These results show that COVID-19-associated chemosensory impairment is not limited to smell but also affects taste and chemesthesis. The multimodal impact of COVID-19 and the lack of perceived nasal obstruction suggest that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus strain 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection may disrupt sensory-neural mechanisms.
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- 2020
9. Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome is common in post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC): Results from a post-COVID-19 multidisciplinary clinic.
- Author
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Bonilla, Hector, Quach, Tom C., Tiwari, Anushri, Bonilla, Andres E., Miglis, Mitchell, Yang, Phillip C., Eggert, Lauren E., Sharifi, Husham, Horomanski, Audra, Subramanian, Aruna, Smirnoff, Liza, Simpson, Norah, Halawi, Houssan, Sum-ping, Oliver, Kalinowski, Agnieszka, Patel, Zara M., Shafer, Robert William, and Geng, Linda N.
- Subjects
POST-acute COVID-19 syndrome ,CHRONIC fatigue syndrome ,COVID-19 pandemic ,COVID-19 ,FATIGUE (Physiology) - Abstract
Background: The global prevalence of PASC is estimated to be present in 0·43 and based on theWHO estimation of 470million worldwide COVID-19 infections, corresponds to around 200 million people experiencing long COVID symptoms. Despite this, its clinical features are not well-defined. Methods: We collected retrospective data from 140 patients with PASC in a post-COVID-19 clinic on demographics, risk factors, illness severity (graded as one-mild to five-severe), functional status, and 29 symptoms and principal component symptoms cluster analysis. The Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2015 criteria were used to determine the Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) phenotype. Findings: The median age was 47 years, 59.0% were female; 49.3% White, 17.2% Hispanic, 14.9% Asian, and 6.7% Black. Only 12.7% required hospitalization. Seventy-two (53.5%) patients had no known comorbid conditions. Forty-five (33.9%) were significantly debilitated. Themedian duration of symptoms was 285.5 days, and the number of symptoms was 12. The most common symptoms were fatigue (86.5%), post-exertional malaise (82.8%), brain fog (81.2%), unrefreshing sleep (76.7%), and lethargy (74.6%). Forty-three percent fit the criteria for ME/CFS, majority were female, and obesity (BMI > 30 Kg/m2) (P = 0.00377895) and worse functional status (P = 0.0110474) were significantly associated with ME/CFS. Interpretations: Most PASC patients evaluated at our clinic had no comorbid condition and were not hospitalized for acute COVID-19. One-third of patients experienced a severe decline in their functional status. About 43% had the ME/CFS subtype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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