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Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) is a self-perceived cognitive worsening without objective cognitive impairment. Due to its heterogeneity and potential risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD), baseline biomarkers to predict progression are clinically important. In the present study, cognitive trajectories during a 24-month period were compared between amyloid-positive SCD (A+SCD) and amyloid-negative SCD (A−SCD) subjects, and biomarkers associated with memory decline were investigated. Methods: Data from a prospective cohort study in Korea between 2016 and 2019 were analyzed. SCD subjects ≥50 years of age were eligible. All participants underwent neuropsychological tests, brain magnetic resonance imaging, and florbetaben positron emission tomography scans. Amyloid burden and regional volumes were measured. Cognitive changes corrected for age were compared between A+SCD and A−SCD groups. Biomarkers associated with memory decline were assessed. Results: Forty-seven SCD subjects (69.9 ± 6.7 years, mini-mental state examination (MMSE) score 27.5) were enrolled, and 31 completed at least 1 annual follow-up (mean follow-up: 24.7 months). Baseline characteristics except age, hippocampal atrophy, and white matter hyperintensities were similar between A+SCDs (n = 12, 25.6%) and A−SCDs (n = 35). A+SCD subjects showed greater decline in the verbal memory function compared with the A−SCD subjects after adjustment for age. MMSE scores decreased more in the A+SCD (1.1 in the A+SCD; 0.55 in the A−SCD), although it was not statistically significant. Amyloid burden and baseline memory score were associated with memory decline. Conclusions: Within SCD, A+SCD subjects showed faster memory decline compared with the A−SCD subjects and amyloid burden might be associated with future memory decline in SCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Electrocardiogram (ECG) and signal-averaged ECG (SAECG) are important as diagnostic tools in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC). The aim of this study was to investigate changes in follow-up ECGs and SAECGs in patients with ARVC. Methods We collected 185 follow-up ECGs from 38 patients and 35 follow-up SAECGs from 18 patients during a mean follow-up period of 64 ± 36 months. Results On baseline ECG and SAECG, epsilon waves, T-wave inversion (TWI), and terminal activation delay (TAD) of QRS ≥55 ms in right precordial leads, and late potentials (LPs) were observed in six (16%), 11 (29%), 13 (34%), and 23 (68%) patients, respectively. During the follow-up period, 15 (39%) patients had 18 changes in ECG and/or SAECG features included in modified Task Force Criteria (TFC) of ARVC. Two patients developed new epsilon waves, and another two patients had dynamic epsilon waves. Newly developed TAD of QRS ≥55 ms was observed in two patients and disappeared in one patient. Eight patients, seven with and one without TWI in V1-V3 or beyond, showed dynamic changes. LP developed in three patients. One patient with dynamic change of TWI and another patient with dynamic change of epsilon wave and TAD of QRS ≥55 ms could not satisfy the modified TFC during follow-up. Conclusions Follow-up ECGs and SAECGs showed changes in 39% of patients with ARVC. Larger studies with a longer follow-up period are needed to investigate the clinical implications of changes in follow-up ECG and SAECG. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]